arrufar

• arrufir

Uncertain.

• IPA^(key): (Central, Balearic) [ə.ruˈfa]
• IPA^(key): (Valencia) [a.ruˈfaɾ]

• Audio (Barcelona):

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arrufar (first-person singular present arrufo, first-person singular preterite arrufí, past participle arrufat)

1. (transitive) to wrinkle, to crinkle

   Synonym: arrugar

2. (pronominal) to stand on end, to bristle

• “arrufar”, in Diccionari de la llengua catalana [Dictionary of the Catalan Language] (in Catalan), second edition, Institute of Catalan Studies [Catalan: Institut d'Estudis Catalans], April 2007

• rufar

From Old Galician-Portuguese arrufar (13th century, Cantigas de Santa Maria). Probably from a Germanic language: compare English ruffle, Icelandic hrufla.^[1]

• IPA^(key): /aruˈfaɾ/ [a.ruˈfaɾ]
• Rhymes: -aɾ
• Hyphenation: a‧rru‧far

arrufar (first-person singular present arrufo, first-person singular preterite arrufei, past participle arrufado)

1. to incite; to embolden
2. (pronominal) to get cocky

• arrufado

• rufo

• Seoane, Ernesto Xosé González; Granja, María Álvarez de la; Agrelo, Ana Isabel Boullón (2006–2022), “arrufar”, in Dicionario de Dicionarios do galego medieval [Dictionary of dictionaries of Medieval Galician] (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega
• Barreiro, Xavier Varela; Guinovart, Xavier Gómez (2006–2018), “arruf”, in Corpus Xelmírez: corpus lingüístico da Galicia medieval [Corpus Xelmírez: linguistic corpus of Medieval Galicia] (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega
• Antón Luís Santamarina Fernández, editor (2006–2013), “arrufar”, in Dicionario de Dicionarios da lingua galega [Dictionary of Dictionaries of the Galician language] (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega
• Antón Luís Santamarina Fernández, Ernesto Xosé González Seoane, María Álvarez de la Granja, editors (2003–2018), “arrufar”, in Tesouro informatizado da lingua galega (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega
• “arrufar”, in Dicionario da Real Academia Galega (in Galician), A Coruña: Royal Galician Academy, 2012–2026
• “arrufar”, in Dicionário Estraviz de galego (in Galician), 2014–2026
• Rosario Álvarez Blanco, editor (2014–2024), “arrufar”, in Tesouro do léxico patrimonial galego e portugués (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega, →ISSN

Of uncertain origin. First attested circa 1250. Compare with Galician and Portuguese arrufar.

arrufar

1. (reflexive) to become vain or conceited
   • c. 1250, Bocados de oro, Spain:

     Quando tú andudieres en pro del reinado, más que otro tu igual, non te arrufes en tener que lo fazes mejor que él, ca menos valerá por ello.

     (please add an English translation of this quotation)

Uncertain. Probably from Old Galician-Portuguese arrufar (13th century, Cantigas de Santa Maria). Probably from a Germanic language: compare English ruffle, Icelandic hrufla.

• Hyphenation: ar‧ru‧far

arrufar (first-person singular present arrufo, first-person singular preterite arrufei, past participle arrufado)

1. (transitive, reflexive) to anger (to become or cause someone to become angry)

   Synonyms: enraivecer, irritar, zangar, enervar

   Antonym: acalmar

• arrufo

• “arrufar”, in Dicionário Aulete Digital (in Portuguese), Rio de Janeiro: Lexikon Editora Digital, 2008–2026
• “arrufar”, in Dicionário Priberam da Língua Portuguesa (in Portuguese), Lisbon: Priberam, 2008–2026

Inherited from Old Spanish arrufar, of uncertain origin. Compare with Galician and Portuguese arrufar. First attested c. 1250 in the sense "to become conceited."

• IPA^(key): /aruˈfaɾ/ [a.ruˈfaɾ]
• Rhymes: -aɾ
• Syllabification: a‧rru‧far

arrufar (first-person singular present arrufo, first-person singular preterite arrufé, past participle arrufado)

1. (transitive) to incite; to provoke
2. (ambitransitive) to build a sheer (curve of deck) in a ship
3. (obsolete, pronominal, intransitive) to become vain or conceited
4. (obsolete, pronominal, intransitive) to snarl; to growl

• “arrufar”, in Diccionario de la lengua española [Dictionary of the Spanish Language] (in Spanish), online version 23.8.1, Royal Spanish Academy [Spanish: Real Academia Española], 15 December 2025