arrugar
Catalan
Etymology
From earlier rugar, from Latin rūgō.
Pronunciation
Verb
arrugar (first-person singular present arrugo, first-person singular preterite arruguí, past participle arrugat)
Conjugation
Conjugation of arrugar (first conjugation, g-gu alternation)
| infinitive | arrugar | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| gerund | arrugant | ||||||
| past participle | masculine | feminine | |||||
| singular | arrugat | arrugada | |||||
| plural | arrugats | arrugades | |||||
| person | singular | plural | |||||
| first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
| indicative | jo | tu | ell/ella vostè |
nosaltres nós |
vosaltres vós |
ells/elles vostès | |
| present | arrugo | arrugues | arruga | arruguem | arrugueu | arruguen | |
| imperfect | arrugava | arrugaves | arrugava | arrugàvem | arrugàveu | arrugaven | |
| future | arrugaré | arrugaràs | arrugarà | arrugarem | arrugareu | arrugaran | |
| preterite | arruguí | arrugares | arrugà | arrugàrem | arrugàreu | arrugaren | |
| conditional | arrugaria | arrugaries | arrugaria | arrugaríem | arrugaríeu | arrugarien | |
| subjunctive | jo | tu | ell/ella vostè |
nosaltres nós |
vosaltres vós |
ells/elles vostès | |
| present | arrugui | arruguis | arrugui | arruguem | arrugueu | arruguin | |
| imperfect | arrugués | arruguessis | arrugués | arruguéssim | arruguéssiu | arruguessin | |
| imperative | — | tu | vostè | nosaltres | vosaltres vós |
vostès | |
| affirmative | — | arruga | arrugui | arruguem | arrugueu | arruguin | |
| negative (no) | — | no arruguis | no arrugui | no arruguem | no arrugueu | no arruguin | |
Derived terms
- arrugament
- arrugat
- desarrugar
Related terms
Further reading
- “arrugar”, in Diccionari de la llengua catalana [Dictionary of the Catalan Language] (in Catalan), second edition, Institute of Catalan Studies [Catalan: Institut d'Estudis Catalans], April 2007
- “arrugar”, in Gran Diccionari de la Llengua Catalana, Grup Enciclopèdia Catalana, 2026
- “arrugar” in Diccionari normatiu valencià, Acadèmia Valenciana de la Llengua.
- “arrugar” in Diccionari català-valencià-balear, Antoni Maria Alcover and Francesc de Borja Moll, 1962.
Spanish
Etymology
Inherited from Latin irrūgāre (“to wrinkle, to make wrinkled”), from rūga (“wrinkle”).
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /aruˈɡaɾ/ [a.ruˈɣ̞aɾ]
- Rhymes: -aɾ
- Syllabification: a‧rru‧gar
Verb
arrugar (first-person singular present arrugo, first-person singular preterite arrugué, past participle arrugado)
- (transitive) to crease, to crumple
- (transitive) to wrinkle
- (reflexive) to chicken out, back down, lose one's nerve
Conjugation
Conjugation of arrugar (g-gu alternation) (See Appendix:Spanish verbs)
Selected combined forms of arrugar (g-gu alternation)
These forms are generated automatically and may not actually be used. Pronoun usage varies by region.
Conjugation of arrugarse (g-gu alternation) (See Appendix:Spanish verbs)
Derived terms
Further reading
- “arrugar”, in Diccionario de la lengua española [Dictionary of the Spanish Language] (in Spanish), online version 23.8.1, Royal Spanish Academy [Spanish: Real Academia Española], 15 December 2025