Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/strъgati

This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Slavic

Etymology

Not entirely clear. Possibly:

Akin to Lithuanian strùgas (“cropped”) and less likely German strauchen (“to stumble”), presumably from an earlier *(s)trewgʰ-;
Alternatively, from Proto-Indo-European *strewg-^[1], cognate within Balto-Slavic to Latvian strūgāt (“to draw, to push”), strũgaîns (“patterned”) and further to Proto-Germanic *streukaną, Ancient Greek στρεύγομαι (streúgomai). This hypothesis, however, disagrees with Winter's law.

Verb

*strъgàti impf^[2]^[1]

to grate, to plane, to rasp

Conjugation

Originally:

Conjugation of *strъgati, *strъga, *stružetь (impf., -a/j-, s-aorist, accent paradigm b)

Verbal noun	Infinitive	Supine	L-participle
*strъganьje	*strъgati	*strъgatъ	*strъgalъ

	Participles
Tense	Past	Present
Passive	*strъganъ	*stružemъ
Active	*strъgavъ	*stružę

	Aorist			Present
Person	1st	2nd	3rd	1st	2nd	3rd
Singular	*strъgaxъ	*strъga	*strъga	*stružǫ	*stružeši	*stružetь
Dual	*strъgaxově	*strъgasta	*strъgaste	*struževě	*stružeta	*stružete
Plural	*strъgaxomъ	*strъgaste	*strъgašę	*stružemъ	*stružete	*stružǫtь
	Imperfect			Imperative
Person	1st	2nd	3rd	1st	2nd	3rd
Singular	*strъgaaxъ	*strъgaaše	*strъgaaše	—	*struži	*struži
Dual	*strъgaaxově	*strъgaašeta	*strъgaašete	*struživě	*stružita	—
Plural	*strъgaaxomъ	*strъgaašete	*strъgaaxǫ	*stružimъ	*stružite	—

Most modern descendants have generalized one of the two principal parts:

Either the o-grade of the present, as in secondary *strugati;
or the 0-grade of the aorist, as it has happened in Bulgarian, Slovene, Russian.

Alternative forms

*strugati (with generalized o-grade)

Derived terms

prefixed forms

*jьzstrъgati, *vystrъgati
*nastrъgati
*ostrъgati

Related terms

*strugъ (instrumental noun)
- ⇒ *stružiti (causative-iterative)

Descendants

East Slavic:
- Old East Slavic: стръгати (strŭgati)
  - Russian: строга́ть (strogátʹ)
South Slavic:
- Old Church Slavonic:
  Old Cyrillic script: стръгати (strŭgati)
  
  Glagolitic script: ⱄⱅⱃⱏⰳⰰⱅⰹ (strŭgati)
- Bulgarian: стъ́ржа (stǎ́rža); (dialectal) стръжа́ (strǎžá), (dialectal) стръ́гам (strǎ́gam)
- Slovene: stŕgati (tonal orthography)
West Slavic:
- Old Czech: strhati
- Old Slovak: strhati

References

↑ ^1.0 ^1.1 Snoj, Marko (2016), “strgati”, in Slovenski etimološki slovar [Slovenian Etymology Dictionary] (in Slovene), 3rd edition, https://fran.si: “Pslovan. *strъga̋ti, sed. *strugǫ”
^ Olander, Thomas (2001), “strъgati: stružjǫ stružjetь”, in Common Slavic Accentological Word List‎^[1], Copenhagen: Editiones Olander: “b høvle (SA 210; PR 137)”