Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/bokъ

This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Slavic

Etymology

Originally meaning “protrusion” or “wedge”. Probably cognate with Latvian bakstît (“to poke”), with further origin unclear.^[1] Outside of Balto-Slavic, has been compared with Latin baculum, Ancient Greek βάκτρον (báktron), Proto-Celtic *bakkos (“hook”), Proto-Germanic *pagjō (“peg”), presumably from Proto-Indo-European *bak- (“peg, club”).^[2]

Kroonen considers a Germanic borrowing from Proto-West Germanic *bakō (“back”).^[3] Vasmer dismisses this possibility for phonetic and semantic reasons.^[2]

Noun

*bokъ m^[4]^[5]

side, flank

Declension

Declension of *bokъ (hard o-stem)
	singular	dual	plural
nominative	*bokъ	*boka	*boci
genitive	*boka	*boku	*bokъ
dative	*boku	*bokoma	*bokomъ
accusative	*bokъ	*boka	*boky
instrumental	bokъmь, bokomь^*	*bokoma	*boky
locative	*bocě	*boku	*bocěxъ
vocative	*boče	*boka	*boci

^* -ъmь in North Slavic, -omь in South Slavic.

Descendants

East Slavic:
- Old Ruthenian: бокъ (bok)
  - Belarusian: бок (bok)
  - Ukrainian: бік (bik)
- Russian: бок (bok)
South Slavic:
- Bulgarian: бок (bok) (dialectal)
- Macedonian: бок (bok)
- Serbo-Croatian:
  Cyrillic script: бо̑к
  
  Latin script: bȏk
- Slovene: bòk
West Slavic:
- Old Czech: bok
  - Czech: bok
- Old Polish: bok
  - Polish: bok
  - Silesian: bok
- Pomeranian:
  - Kashubian: bòk
  - Slovincian: bôk
- Old Slovak: bok, bôk
  - Pannonian Rusyn: бок (bok)
  - Slovak: bok
- Sorbian:
  - Lower Sorbian: bok
  - Upper Sorbian: bok

References

^ Trubachyov, Oleg, editor (1975), “*bokъ”, in Этимологический словарь славянских языков [Etymological dictionary of Slavic languages] (in Russian), numbers 2 (*bez – *bratrъ), Moscow: Nauka, page 170
↑ ^2.0 ^2.1 Vasmer, Max (1964–1973), “бок”, in Oleg Trubachyov, transl., Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), Moscow: Progress
^ Kroonen, Guus (2013), “*baka-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11)‎^[1], Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 48
^ Olander, Thomas (2001), “bokъ boka”, in Common Slavic Accentological Word List‎^[2], Copenhagen: Editiones Olander: “d (OSA 140; PR 137; RPT 84)”
^ Snoj, Marko (2016), “bok”, in Slovenski etimološki slovar [Slovenian Etymology Dictionary] (in Slovene), 3rd edition, https://fran.si: “Pslovan. *bȍkъ”

[1] Trubachyov, Oleg, editor (1975), “*bokъ”, in Этимологический словарь славянских языков [Etymological dictionary of Slavic languages] (in Russian), numbers 2 (*bez – *bratrъ), Moscow: Nauka, page 170

[Vasmer-2] 2.0 ^2.1 Vasmer, Max (1964–1973), “бок”, in Oleg Trubachyov, transl., Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), Moscow: Progress

[3] Kroonen, Guus (2013), “*baka-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11)‎^[1], Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 48

[4] Olander, Thomas (2001), “bokъ boka”, in Common Slavic Accentological Word List‎^[2], Copenhagen: Editiones Olander: “d (OSA 140; PR 137; RPT 84)”

[5] Snoj, Marko (2016), “bok”, in Slovenski etimološki slovar [Slovenian Etymology Dictionary] (in Slovene), 3rd edition, https://fran.si: “Pslovan. *bȍkъ”

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