βάκτρον

Ancient Greek

Etymology

Uncertain. According to Beekes, the term may relate to Latin baculum, perhaps hinting at Proto-Indo-European *bak-tlom. De Vaan, however, derives the Latin term from Proto-Indo-European *bak-(k)elo-.^[1] Due to the a-vocalism, this term may be construed as a loanword from a substrate source. It is probably related to βακτηρία (baktēría).^[2]

Pronunciation

(5^th BCE Attic) IPA^(key): /bák.tron/
(1^st CE Egyptian) IPA^(key): /ˈbak.tron/
(4^th CE Koine) IPA^(key): /ˈβak.tron/
(10^th CE Byzantine) IPA^(key): /ˈvak.tron/
(15^th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA^(key): /ˈvak.tron/

Noun

βάκτρον • (báktron) n (genitive βάκτρου); second declension

staff, stick, cudgel

Declension

Second declension of τὸ βᾰ́κτρον; τοῦ βᾰ́κτρου (Attic)

Case / #	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	τὸ βᾰ́κτρον tò bắktron	τὼ βᾰ́κτρω tṑ bắktrō	τᾰ̀ βᾰ́κτρᾰ tằ bắktră
Genitive	τοῦ βᾰ́κτρου toû bắktrou	τοῖν βᾰ́κτροιν toîn bắktroin	τῶν βᾰ́κτρων tôn bắktrōn
Dative	τῷ βᾰ́κτρῳ tōî bắktrōi	τοῖν βᾰ́κτροιν toîn bắktroin	τοῖς βᾰ́κτροις toîs bắktrois
Accusative	τὸ βᾰ́κτρον tò bắktron	τὼ βᾰ́κτρω tṑ bắktrō	τᾰ̀ βᾰ́κτρᾰ tằ bắktră
Vocative	βᾰ́κτρον bắktron	βᾰ́κτρω bắktrō	βᾰ́κτρᾰ bắktră
Notes:	This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For declension in other dialects, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal declension.

Related terms

βακτηρίᾱ (baktēríā)

^ De Vaan, Michiel (2008), “baculum”, in Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 67
^ Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010), “βακτηρία”, in Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 194

βάκτρον in Bailly, Anatole (1935), Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
βάκτρον in the Diccionario Griego–Español en línea (2006–2026)
βάκτρον, in ΛΟΓΕΙΟΝ [Logeion] Dictionaries for Ancient Greek and Latin (in English, French, Spanish, German, Dutch and Chinese), University of Chicago, since 2011
“βάκτρον”, in Liddell & Scott (1940), A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
βάκτρον in Pape, Wilhelm (1914), Max Sengebusch, editor, Handwörterbuch der griechischen Sprache‎^[1] (in German), 3rd edition, Braunschweig: Friedrich Vieweg und Sohn
Woodhouse, S. C. (1910), English–Greek Dictionary: A Vocabulary of the Attic Language‎^[2], London: Routledge & Kegan Paul Limited.
- cane idem, page 110.
- crook idem, page 185.
- crutch idem, page 187.
- rod idem, page 720.
- staff idem, page 808.
- stick idem, page 816.
- walking stick idem, page 960.

[1] De Vaan, Michiel (2008), “baculum”, in Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 67

[2] Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010), “βακτηρία”, in Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 194

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