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This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.
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Proto-Slavic
Etymology
From Proto-Balto-Slavic *gendātei, from Proto-Indo-European *gʷʰn̥dʰéti, from *gʷʰedʰ- (“to yearn, to pray for”) with a nasal infix. Cognate with Lithuanian pasigèsti (“to miss”) (1p. pres. pasigendù), further akin to Lithuanian gedáuti (“to desire, to yearn”), gedė́ti (“to mourn”).[1]
Verb
*žę̄dàti impf[1][2]
- to wish (in cardinal sense), to long for, to crave (in South, East Slavic)
- Synonyms: *želěti, *bažiti, *smažiti, *pražiti
- to demand, to request (in West Slavic)
- Synonyms: *jьskati, *prašati
Inflection
Conjugation of
*žędati, *žęda, *žęďetь (
impf., -a/j-, s-aorist, accent paradigm b)
| Verbal noun
|
Infinitive
|
Supine
|
L-participle
|
| *žędanьje
|
*žędati
|
*žędatъ
|
*žędalъ
|
|
|
Participles
|
| Tense
|
Past
|
Present
|
| Passive
|
*žędanъ
|
*žęďemъ
|
| Active
|
*žędavъ
|
*žęďę
|
|
|
Aorist
|
Present
|
| Person
|
1st
|
2nd
|
3rd
|
1st
|
2nd
|
3rd
|
| Singular
|
*žędaxъ |
*žęda |
*žęda
|
*žęďǫ |
*žęďeši |
*žęďetь
|
| Dual
|
*žędaxově |
*žędasta |
*žędaste
|
*žęďevě |
*žęďeta |
*žęďete
|
| Plural
|
*žędaxomъ |
*žędaste |
*žędašę
|
*žęďemъ |
*žęďete |
*žęďǫtь
|
|
|
Imperfect
|
Imperative
|
| Person
|
1st |
2nd |
3rd
|
1st |
2nd |
3rd
|
| Singular
|
*žędaaxъ |
*žędaaše |
*žędaaše
|
— |
*žęďi |
*žęďi
|
| Dual
|
*žędaaxově |
*žędaašeta |
*žędaašete
|
*žęďivě |
*žęďita |
—
|
| Plural
|
*žędaaxomъ |
*žędaašete |
*žędaaxǫ
|
*žęďimъ |
*žęďite |
—
|
Conjugation of
*žędati, *žęda, *žędajetь (
impf., -a-, s-aorist, accent paradigm b)
| Verbal noun
|
Infinitive
|
Supine
|
L-participle
|
| *žędanьje
|
*žędati
|
*žędatъ
|
*žędalъ
|
|
|
Participles
|
| Tense
|
Past
|
Present
|
| Passive
|
*žędanъ
|
*žędajemъ
|
| Active
|
*žędavъ
|
*žędaję
|
|
|
Aorist
|
Present
|
| Person
|
1st
|
2nd
|
3rd
|
1st
|
2nd
|
3rd
|
| Singular
|
*žędaxъ |
*žęda |
*žęda
|
*žędajǫ |
*žędaješi |
*žędajetь
|
| Dual
|
*žędaxově |
*žędasta |
*žędaste
|
*žędajevě |
*žędajeta |
*žędajete
|
| Plural
|
*žędaxomъ |
*žędaste |
*žędašę
|
*žędajemъ |
*žędajete |
*žędajǫtь
|
|
|
Imperfect
|
Imperative
|
| Person
|
1st |
2nd |
3rd
|
1st |
2nd |
3rd
|
| Singular
|
*žędaaxъ |
*žędaaše |
*žędaaše
|
— |
*žędaji |
*žędaji
|
| Dual
|
*žędaaxově |
*žędaašeta |
*žędaašete
|
*žędajivě |
*žędajita |
—
|
| Plural
|
*žędaaxomъ |
*žędaašete |
*žędaaxǫ
|
*žędajimъ |
*žędajite |
—
|
Derived terms
- *žęďa (“wish, desire; thirst”)
- *žęděti (“to crave, to yearn for”) (ě/i-conj.)
- *žędь (“craving”)
- *žęditi (“to cause thirst”)
- *žędьnъ (“avid, greedy; thirsty”)
- *žędostь (“thirst”)
- *žędovati (“to crave”)
Descendants
- East Slavic:
- Old East Slavic: жѧдати (žędati), жадати (žadati)
- Old Ruthenian: жада́ти (žadáti); жеда́ти (žedáti), жода́ти (žodáti) (dialectal)
- Belarusian: жада́ць (žadácʹ)
- Ukrainian: жада́ти (žadáty); жєда́ти (žjedáty) (dialectal)
- Russian: жада́ть (žadátʹ, “to thirst for”) (archaic or dialectal); cf. modern жа́ждать (žáždatʹ, “to crave”)
- South Slavic:
- Old Church Slavonic: жѧдати (žędati)
- Bulgarian: же́дам (žédam) (dialectal)
- West Slavic:
- Czech: žádat
- Old Polish: żędać
- Old Slovak: žiadať, žádať
- Pannonian Rusyn: жадац (žadac)
- Slovak: žiadať
- Sorbian:
- Upper Sorbian: žadać
- Lower Sorbian: žedaś
Further reading
- Vasmer, Max (1964–1973), “жада́ть”, in Oleg Trubachyov, transl., Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), Moscow: Progress
- Georgiev, Vladimir I., editor (1971), “жад”, in Български етимологичен речник [Bulgarian Etymological Dictionary] (in Bulgarian), volume 1 (А – З), Sofia: Bulgarian Academy of Sciences Pubg. House, →ISBN, page 522
References
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 Derksen, Rick (2008), “*žę̄dàti”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden; Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 560: “v. (b) ‘wish, desire’”
- ^ Olander, Thomas (2001), “žędati: žędjǫ žędjetь”, in Common Slavic Accentological Word List[1], Copenhagen: Editiones Olander: “b begære, tørste (SA 210; PR 136)”