Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/gʷr̥Htós
Proto-Indo-European
Etymology
From *gʷerH- (“to praise”) + *-tós.
Adjective
Declension
| Thematic | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| masculine | feminine | ||
| nominative | *gʷr̥Htós | *gʷr̥Htéh₂ | |
| genitive | *gʷr̥Htósyo | *gʷr̥Htéh₂s | |
| masculine | singular | dual | plural |
| nominative | *gʷr̥Htós | *gʷr̥Htóh₁ | *gʷr̥Htóes |
| vocative | *gʷr̥Hté | *gʷr̥Htóh₁ | *gʷr̥Htóes |
| accusative | *gʷr̥Htóm | *gʷr̥Htóh₁ | *gʷr̥Htóms |
| genitive | *gʷr̥Htósyo | *? | *gʷr̥HtóHom |
| ablative | *gʷr̥Htéad | *? | *gʷr̥Htómos, *gʷr̥Htóbʰos |
| dative | *gʷr̥Htóey | *? | *gʷr̥Htómos, *gʷr̥Htóbʰos |
| locative | *gʷr̥Htéy, *gʷr̥Htóy | *? | *gʷr̥Htóysu |
| instrumental | *gʷr̥Htóh₁ | *? | *gʷr̥Htṓys |
| feminine | singular | dual | plural |
| nominative | *gʷr̥Htéh₂ | *gʷr̥Htéh₂h₁(e) | *gʷr̥Htéh₂es |
| vocative | *gʷr̥Htéh₂ | *gʷr̥Htéh₂h₁(e) | *gʷr̥Htéh₂es |
| accusative | *gʷr̥Htā́m | *gʷr̥Htéh₂h₁(e) | *gʷr̥Htéh₂m̥s |
| genitive | *gʷr̥Htéh₂s | *? | *gʷr̥Htéh₂oHom |
| ablative | *gʷr̥Htéh₂s | *? | *gʷr̥Htéh₂mos, *gʷr̥Htéh₂bʰos |
| dative | *gʷr̥Htéh₂ey | *? | *gʷr̥Htéh₂mos, *gʷr̥Htéh₂bʰos |
| locative | *gʷr̥Htéh₂, *gʷr̥Htéh₂i | *? | *gʷr̥Htéh₂su |
| instrumental | *gʷr̥Htéh₂h₁ | *? | *gʷr̥Htéh₂mis, *gʷr̥Htéh₂bʰis |
| neuter | singular | dual | plural |
| nominative | *gʷr̥Htóm | *gʷr̥Htóy(h₁) | *gʷr̥Htéh₂ |
| vocative | *gʷr̥Htóm | *gʷr̥Htóy(h₁) | *gʷr̥Htéh₂ |
| accusative | *gʷr̥Htóm | *gʷr̥Htóy(h₁) | *gʷr̥Htéh₂ |
| genitive | *gʷr̥Htósyo | *? | *gʷr̥HtóHom |
| ablative | *gʷr̥Htéad | *? | *gʷr̥Htómos, *gʷr̥Htóbʰos |
| dative | *gʷr̥Htóey | *? | *gʷr̥Htómos, *gʷr̥Htóbʰos |
| locative | *gʷr̥Htéy, *gʷr̥Htóy | *? | *gʷr̥Htóysu |
| instrumental | *gʷr̥Htóh₁ | *? | *gʷr̥Htṓys |
Descendants
- Proto-Indo-Iranian: *gr̥Htás
- Proto-Indo-Aryan: *gr̥Htás
- Sanskrit: गूर्त (gūrtá)
- Proto-Indo-Aryan: *gr̥Htás
- Proto-Italic: *gʷrātos (see there for further descendants)
References
- ^ De Vaan, Michiel (2008), “grātus”, in Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 271: “PIE *gwrH-to- ‘praised (in a song)’”
- ^ Szemerény, Oswald (2019), “The Gutturals”, in Haugen, Einar, Winter, Werner, editors, Linguistics in Western Europe. Part 1[1], Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG, →ISBN, page 128: “IE *gʷr̥̄tós”