Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/ǵorh₂éyeti

This Proto-Indo-European entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Indo-European

Etymology

    From *ǵerh₂- +‎ *-éyeti.

    Verb

    *ǵorh₂éyeti (imperfective)[1]

    1. to cause to grow old, mature

    Conjugation

    Imperfective, thematic
    3rd singular *ǵorh₂éyeti
    3rd plural *ǵorh₂éyonti
    Active voice Present indicative Past indicative Imperative Subjunctive Optative
    1st singular *ǵorh₂éyoh₂ *ǵorh₂éyom *ǵorh₂éyōh₂ *ǵorh₂éyoyh₁m̥
    2nd singular *ǵorh₂éyesi *ǵorh₂éyes *ǵorh₂éye *ǵorh₂éyēsi *ǵorh₂éyoys
    3rd singular *ǵorh₂éyeti *ǵorh₂éyet *ǵorh₂éyetu *ǵorh₂éyēti *ǵorh₂éyoyt
    1st dual *ǵorh₂éyowos *ǵorh₂éyowe *ǵorh₂éyōwos *ǵorh₂éyoywe
    2nd dual *ǵorh₂éyetes *ǵorh₂éyetom *ǵorh₂éyetom *ǵorh₂éyētes *ǵorh₂éyoytom
    3rd dual *ǵorh₂éyetes *ǵorh₂éyetām *ǵorh₂éyetām *ǵorh₂éyētes *ǵorh₂éyoytām
    1st plural *ǵorh₂éyomos *ǵorh₂éyome *ǵorh₂éyōmos *ǵorh₂éyoyme
    2nd plural *ǵorh₂éyete *ǵorh₂éyete *ǵorh₂éyete *ǵorh₂éyēte *ǵorh₂éyoyte
    3rd plural *ǵorh₂éyonti *ǵorh₂éyont *ǵorh₂éyontu *ǵorh₂éyōnti *ǵorh₂éyoyh₁n̥t
    Participle *ǵorh₂éyonts
    Middle voice Present indicative Past indicative Imperative Subjunctive Optative
    1st singular *ǵorh₂éyoh₂er *ǵorh₂éyoh₂e *ǵorh₂éyōh₂er *ǵorh₂éyoyh₂e
    2nd singular *ǵorh₂éyeth₂er *ǵorh₂éyeth₂e *ǵorh₂éyeso *ǵorh₂éyēth₂er *ǵorh₂éyoyth₂e
    3rd singular *ǵorh₂éyetor *ǵorh₂éyeto *? *ǵorh₂éyētor *ǵorh₂éyoyto, *ǵorh₂éyoyh₁o
    1st dual *ǵorh₂éyowosdʰh₂ *ǵorh₂éyowedʰh₂ *ǵorh₂éyōwosdʰh₂ *ǵorh₂éyoywedʰh₂
    2nd dual *? *? *? *? *?
    3rd dual *? *? *? *? *?
    1st plural *ǵorh₂éyomosdʰh₂ *ǵorh₂éyomedʰh₂ *ǵorh₂éyōmosdʰh₂ *ǵorh₂éyoymedʰh₂
    2nd plural *ǵorh₂éyedʰh₂we *ǵorh₂éyedʰh₂we *ǵorh₂éyedʰh₂we *ǵorh₂éyēdʰh₂we *ǵorh₂éyoydʰh₂we
    3rd plural *ǵorh₂éyontor *ǵorh₂éyonto *? *ǵorh₂éyōntor *ǵorh₂éyoyro
    Participle *ǵorh₂éyomnos

    Descendants

    • Proto-Balto-Slavic: *źarī́ˀtei
      • Proto-Slavic: *zorìti[2] (see there for further descendants)
    • Proto-Indo-Iranian: *ȷ́arHáyati

    References

    1. ^ Rix, Helmut, editor (2001), “g̑erh₂-”, in Lexikon der indogermanischen Verben [Lexicon of Indo-European Verbs] (in German), 2nd edition, Wiesbaden: Dr. Ludwig Reichert Verlag, →ISBN, page 165
    2. ^ Derksen, Rick (2008), “*zorìti”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden; Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 548
    3. ^ Grestenberger, Laura (30 August 2023), “Sound Change and Analogy, Again: Brugmann's Law and the Hunt For O-Grades in Indo-Iranian”, in Transactions of the Philological Society[1], volume 122, number 1, John Wiley & Sons, →DOI, →ISSN, page 86