防止

Chinese

		to protect; to defend; to guard (against)	to stop; prohibit; till
simp. and trad. (防止)		防	止

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): fángzhǐ

(Zhuyin): ㄈㄤˊ ㄓˇ
Cantonese (Jyutping): fong⁴ zi²
Hakka (Sixian, PFS): fòng-chṳ́
Southern Min
(Hokkien, POJ): hông-chí

(Teochew, Peng'im): huang⁵ zi²

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: fángzhǐ
  - Zhuyin: ㄈㄤˊ ㄓˇ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: fángjhǐh
  - Wade–Giles: fang²-chih³
  - Yale: fáng-jř
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: farngjyy
  - Palladius: фанчжи (fančži)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /fɑŋ³⁵ ʈ͡ʂʐ̩²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
  - Jyutping: fong⁴ zi²
  - Yale: fòhng jí
  - Cantonese Pinyin: fong⁴ dzi²
  - Guangdong Romanization: fong⁴ ji²
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /fɔːŋ²¹ t͡siː³⁵/
  - Homophones:
    ^edit
    ^edit
    房子
    防止
Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: fòng-chṳ́
  - Hakka Romanization System: fong^ˇ zii^ˋ
  - Hagfa Pinyim: fong² zi³
  - Sinological IPA: /foŋ¹¹ t͡sɨ³¹/
Southern Min
- (Hokkien)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: hông-chí
  - Tâi-lô: hông-tsí
  - Phofsit Daibuun: hongcie
  - Sinological IPA (Xiamen): /hɔŋ²⁴⁻²² t͡si⁵³/
  - Sinological IPA (Quanzhou): /hɔŋ²⁴⁻²² t͡si⁵⁵⁴/
  - Sinological IPA (Zhangzhou): /hɔŋ¹³⁻²² t͡si⁵³/
  - Sinological IPA (Taipei): /hɔŋ²⁴⁻¹¹ t͡si⁵³/
  - Sinological IPA (Kaohsiung): /hɔŋ²³⁻³³ t͡si⁴¹/
- (Teochew)
  - Peng'im: huang⁵ zi²
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: huâng tsí
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /huaŋ⁵⁵⁻¹¹ t͡si⁵²/

Verb

防止

(transitive) to prevent
防止污染 ― fángzhǐ wūrǎn ― to prevent pollution

防止意外 ― fángzhǐ yìwài ― to prevent accidents

Synonyms

候防 (Puxian Min)
免除 (miǎnchú)
嚴防 / 严防 (yánfáng)
幸免 (xìngmiǎn) (formal, to luckily avoid)
戒備 / 戒备 (jièbèi)
提防
謹防 / 谨防 (jǐnfáng)
避 (bì) (literary, or in compounds)
避免 (bìmiǎn)
防 (fáng)
防備 / 防备 (fángbèi)
防範 / 防范 (fángfàn)
阻止 (zǔzhǐ)
預備 / 预备 (yùbèi) (literary)
預防 / 预防 (yùfáng)

Japanese

Kanji in this term
防	止
ぼう Grade: 5	し Grade: 2
goon	on'yomi

Pronunciation

(Tokyo) ぼーし [bòóshí] (Heiban – [0])^[1]^[2]^[3]
IPA^(key): [bo̞ːɕi]

Noun

防(ぼう)止(し) • (bōshi) ^{←ばうし (bausi)^?}

prevention
Synonym: 抑止 (yokushi)

Verb

防(ぼう)止(し)する • (bōshi suru) ^{←ばうし (bausi)^?}transitive suru (stem 防(ぼう)止(し)し (bōshi shi), past 防(ぼう)止(し)した (bōshi shita))

to prevent
Synonym: 防ぐ (fusegu)

Conjugation

Conjugation of "防止する" (See Appendix:Japanese verbs)
Katsuyōkei ("stem forms")
Mizenkei ("imperfective")	防止し	ぼうしし	bōshi shi
Ren’yōkei ("continuative")	防止し	ぼうしし	bōshi shi
Shūshikei ("terminal")	防止する	ぼうしする	bōshi suru
Rentaikei ("attributive")	防止する	ぼうしする	bōshi suru
Kateikei ("hypothetical")	防止すれ	ぼうしすれ	bōshi sure
Meireikei ("imperative")	防止せよ¹ 防止しろ²	ぼうしせよ¹ ぼうししろ²	bōshi seyo¹ bōshi shiro²
Key constructions
Passive	防止される	ぼうしされる	bōshi sareru
Causative	防止させる防止さす	ぼうしさせるぼうしさす	bōshi saseru bōshi sasu
Potential	防止できる	ぼうしできる	bōshi dekiru
Volitional	防止しよう	ぼうししよう	bōshi shiyō
Negative	防止しない	ぼうししない	bōshi shinai
Negative continuative	防止せず	ぼうしせず	bōshi sezu
Formal	防止します	ぼうしします	bōshi shimasu
Perfective	防止した	ぼうしした	bōshi shita
Conjunctive	防止して	ぼうしして	bōshi shite
Hypothetical conditional	防止すれば	ぼうしすれば	bōshi sureba

¹ Written imperative
² Spoken imperative

References

^ Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
^ NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tokyo: NHK Publishing, Inc., →ISBN
^ Yamada, Tadao et al., editors (2011), 新明解国語辞典 [Shin Meikai Kokugo Jiten] (in Japanese), Seventh edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN

“防止”, in 漢字ぺディア [Kanjipedia]‎^[1] (in Japanese), The Japan Kanji Aptitude Testing Foundation, 2015–2026

Korean

Hanja in this term
防	止

Noun

防止 • (bangji) (hangeul 방지)

hanja form^? of 방지 (“prevention”)