防備

See also: 防备

Chinese

		to protect; to defend; to guard (against)	to prepare; get ready; to provide or equip
trad. (防備)		防	備
simp. (防备)		防	备

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): fángbèi

(Zhuyin): ㄈㄤˊ ㄅㄟˋ
Cantonese (Jyutping): fong⁴ bei⁶
Hakka
(Sixian, PFS): fòng-phi

(Hailu, HRS): fong pi^˖
Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): hông-pī

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: fángbèi
  - Zhuyin: ㄈㄤˊ ㄅㄟˋ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: fángbèi
  - Wade–Giles: fang²-pei⁴
  - Yale: fáng-bèi
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: farngbey
  - Palladius: фанбэй (fanbɛj)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /fɑŋ³⁵ peɪ̯⁵¹/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
  - Jyutping: fong⁴ bei⁶
  - Yale: fòhng beih
  - Cantonese Pinyin: fong⁴ bei⁶
  - Guangdong Romanization: fong⁴ béi⁶
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /fɔːŋ²¹ pei̯²²/
Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: fòng-phi
  - Hakka Romanization System: fong^ˇ pi
  - Hagfa Pinyim: fong² pi⁴
  - Sinological IPA: /foŋ¹¹ pʰi⁵⁵/
- (Hailu, incl. Zhudong)
  - Hakka Romanization System: fong pi^˖
  - Sinological IPA: /foŋ⁵⁵ pʰi³³/
Southern Min
- (Hokkien)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: hông-pī
  - Tâi-lô: hông-pī
  - Phofsit Daibuun: hongpi
  - Sinological IPA (Xiamen): /hɔŋ²⁴⁻²² pi²²/
  - Sinological IPA (Quanzhou): /hɔŋ²⁴⁻²² pi⁴¹/
  - Sinological IPA (Zhangzhou): /hɔŋ¹³⁻²² pi²²/
  - Sinological IPA (Taipei): /hɔŋ²⁴⁻¹¹ pi³³/
  - Sinological IPA (Kaohsiung): /hɔŋ²³⁻³³ pi³³/

Verb

防備

to take precautions; to guard against

Synonyms

候防 (Puxian Min)
免除 (miǎnchú)
嚴防 / 严防 (yánfáng)
幸免 (xìngmiǎn) (formal, to luckily avoid)
戒備 / 戒备 (jièbèi)
提防
謹防 / 谨防 (jǐnfáng)
避 (bì) (literary, or in compounds)
避免 (bìmiǎn)
防 (fáng)
防止 (fángzhǐ)
防範 / 防范 (fángfàn)
阻止 (zǔzhǐ)
預備 / 预备 (yùbèi) (literary)
預防 / 预防 (yùfáng)

Related terms

保護／保护 (bǎohù)
防護／防护 (fánghù)
防禦／防御 (fángyù)

Japanese

Kanji in this term
防	備
ぼう Grade: 5	び Grade: 5
on'yomi

Pronunciation

(Tokyo) ぼーび [bóꜜòbì] (Atamadaka – [1])^[1]^[2]^[3]^[4]
IPA^(key): [bo̞ːbʲi]

Noun

防(ぼう)備(び) • (bōbi) ^{←ばうび (baubi)^?}

defensive preparations against military threats
preparations for natural disasters

Verb

防(ぼう)備(び)する • (bōbi suru) ^{←ばうび (baubi)^?}suru (stem 防(ぼう)備(び)し (bōbi shi), past 防(ぼう)備(び)した (bōbi shita))

fortify, prepare to defend against enemies or natural disasters

Conjugation

Conjugation of "防備する" (See Appendix:Japanese verbs)
Katsuyōkei ("stem forms")
Mizenkei ("imperfective")	防備し	ぼうびし	bōbi shi
Ren’yōkei ("continuative")	防備し	ぼうびし	bōbi shi
Shūshikei ("terminal")	防備する	ぼうびする	bōbi suru
Rentaikei ("attributive")	防備する	ぼうびする	bōbi suru
Kateikei ("hypothetical")	防備すれ	ぼうびすれ	bōbi sure
Meireikei ("imperative")	防備せよ¹ 防備しろ²	ぼうびせよ¹ ぼうびしろ²	bōbi seyo¹ bōbi shiro²
Key constructions
Passive	防備される	ぼうびされる	bōbi sareru
Causative	防備させる防備さす	ぼうびさせるぼうびさす	bōbi saseru bōbi sasu
Potential	防備できる	ぼうびできる	bōbi dekiru
Volitional	防備しよう	ぼうびしよう	bōbi shiyō
Negative	防備しない	ぼうびしない	bōbi shinai
Negative continuative	防備せず	ぼうびせず	bōbi sezu
Formal	防備します	ぼうびします	bōbi shimasu
Perfective	防備した	ぼうびした	bōbi shita
Conjunctive	防備して	ぼうびして	bōbi shite
Hypothetical conditional	防備すれば	ぼうびすれば	bōbi sureba

¹ Written imperative
² Spoken imperative

References

^ Yamada, Tadao et al., editors (2011), 新明解国語辞典 [Shin Meikai Kokugo Jiten] (in Japanese), Seventh edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
^ Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
^ NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tokyo: NHK Publishing, Inc., →ISBN
^ “防備”, in 日本国語大辞典 [Nihon Kokugo Daijiten]‎^[1] (in Japanese), 2nd edition, Tokyo: Shogakukan, 2000-2002, released online 2007, →ISBN, concise edition entry available here

“防備”, in 漢字ぺディア [Kanjipedia]‎^[2] (in Japanese), The Japan Kanji Aptitude Testing Foundation, 2015–2026

Korean

Hanja in this term
防	備

Noun

防備 • (bangbi) (hangeul 방비)

hanja form^? of 방비