開放

See also: 开放

Chinese

		open; operate (vehicle); start	to release; to free; to let go to release; to free; to let go; to put; to place; to let out
trad. (開放)		開	放
simp. (开放)		开	放
anagram		放開／放开

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): kāifàng

(Zhuyin): ㄎㄞㄈㄤˋ
Cantonese (Jyutping): hoi¹ fong³
Hakka (Sixian, PFS): khôi-fong
Southern Min
(Hokkien, POJ): khai-hòng

(Teochew, Peng'im): kai¹ huang³

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: kāifàng
  - Zhuyin: ㄎㄞㄈㄤˋ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: kaifàng
  - Wade–Giles: kʻai¹-fang⁴
  - Yale: kāi-fàng
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: kaifanq
  - Palladius: кайфан (kajfan)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /kʰaɪ̯⁵⁵ fɑŋ⁵¹/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
  - Jyutping: hoi¹ fong³
  - Yale: hōi fong
  - Cantonese Pinyin: hoi¹ fong³
  - Guangdong Romanization: hoi¹ fong³
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /hɔːi̯⁵⁵ fɔːŋ³³/
Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: khôi-fong
  - Hakka Romanization System: koi^ˊ fong
  - Hagfa Pinyim: koi¹ fong⁴
  - Sinological IPA: /kʰoi̯²⁴⁻¹¹ foŋ⁵⁵/
Southern Min
- (Hokkien)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: khai-hòng
  - Tâi-lô: khai-hòng
  - Phofsit Daibuun: qai'hoxng
  - Sinological IPA (Xiamen): /kʰai⁴⁴⁻²² hɔŋ²¹/
  - Sinological IPA (Quanzhou): /kʰai³³ hɔŋ⁴¹/
  - Sinological IPA (Zhangzhou): /kʰai⁴⁴⁻²² hɔŋ²¹/
  - Sinological IPA (Taipei): /kʰai⁴⁴⁻³³ hɔŋ¹¹/
  - Sinological IPA (Kaohsiung): /kʰai⁴⁴⁻³³ hɔŋ²¹/
- (Teochew)
  - Peng'im: kai¹ huang³
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: khai huàng
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /kʰai³³⁻²³ huaŋ²¹³/

Verb

開放

to be open (to the public)
正常開放／正常开放 ― zhèngcháng kāifàng ― to be open as normal

施工期間，恕不開放。 [MSC, trad.]
施工期间，恕不开放。 [MSC, simp.]
Shīgōng qījiān, shù bù kāifàng. [Pinyin]
Construction in progress — temporarily closed.
to lift a ban or restriction; to liberalize
(of a flower) to open out
to be turned on; to be in operation
(archaic) to set free; to release (of prisoners)

Synonyms

(to open out): 放 (fàng), 開／开 (kāi)

Antonyms

(antonym(s) of “to open”): 封閉／封闭 (fēngbì), 封鎖／封锁 (fēngsuǒ), 鎖／锁 (suǒ)

Adjective

開放

open
開放存取期刊／开放存取期刊 ― kāifàng cúnqǔ qīkān ― open access journal
public
liberal; open-minded

Derived terms

改革開放 / 改革开放 (Gǎigé Kāifàng)
門戶開放政策 / 门户开放政策 (ménhù kāifàng zhèngcè)
開放式 / 开放式 (kāifàngshì)
開放時間 / 开放时间 (kāifàng shíjiān)
開放獲取 / 开放获取 (kāifàng huòqǔ)
開放系統 / 开放系统 (kāifàng xìtǒng)

Descendants

Sino-Xenic (開放):

→ Japanese: 開放(かいほう) (kaihō)
→ Korean: 개방(開放) (gaebang)
→ Vietnamese: khai phóng (開放)

Japanese

Kanji in this term
開	放
かい Grade: 3	ほう Grade: 3
on'yomi

Pronunciation

(Tokyo) かいほー [kàíhóó] (Heiban – [0])
IPA^(key): [ka̠iho̞ː]

Noun

開(かい)放(ほう) • (kaihō)

openness, not being closed
openness, allowing free entry and exit
openness, frankness

Verb

開(かい)放(ほう)する • (kaihō suru) suru (stem 開(かい)放(ほう)し (kaihō shi), past 開(かい)放(ほう)した (kaihō shita))

open a door etc.
open, allow freedom of entry and exit
be open and frank

Conjugation

Conjugation of "開放する" (See Appendix:Japanese verbs)
Katsuyōkei ("stem forms")
Mizenkei ("imperfective")	開放し	かいほうし	kaihō shi
Ren’yōkei ("continuative")	開放し	かいほうし	kaihō shi
Shūshikei ("terminal")	開放する	かいほうする	kaihō suru
Rentaikei ("attributive")	開放する	かいほうする	kaihō suru
Kateikei ("hypothetical")	開放すれ	かいほうすれ	kaihō sure
Meireikei ("imperative")	開放せよ¹ 開放しろ²	かいほうせよ¹ かいほうしろ²	kaihō seyo¹ kaihō shiro²
Key constructions
Passive	開放される	かいほうされる	kaihō sareru
Causative	開放させる開放さす	かいほうさせるかいほうさす	kaihō saseru kaihō sasu
Potential	開放できる	かいほうできる	kaihō dekiru
Volitional	開放しよう	かいほうしよう	kaihō shiyō
Negative	開放しない	かいほうしない	kaihō shinai
Negative continuative	開放せず	かいほうせず	kaihō sezu
Formal	開放します	かいほうします	kaihō shimasu
Perfective	開放した	かいほうした	kaihō shita
Conjunctive	開放して	かいほうして	kaihō shite
Hypothetical conditional	開放すれば	かいほうすれば	kaihō sureba

¹ Written imperative
² Spoken imperative

References

“開放”, in 漢字ぺディア [Kanjipedia]‎^[1] (in Japanese), The Japan Kanji Aptitude Testing Foundation, 2015–2026

Korean

Hanja in this term
開	放

Noun

開放 • (gaebang) (hangeul 개방)

hanja form^? of 개방 (“liberalization”)

Vietnamese

chữ Hán Nôm in this term
開	放

Adjective

開放

chữ Hán form of khai phóng (“liberal”)