褐

褐 U+8910, 褐
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-8910
← 褏
[U+890F] 		CJK Unified Ideographs 褑 →
[U+8911]

褐 U+FA60, 褐
CJK COMPATIBILITY IDEOGRAPH-FA60
← 著
[U+FA5F] 		CJK Compatibility Ideographs 視 →
[U+FA61]

Translingual

Han character

褐 (Kangxi radical 145, 衣+9 in Chinese, 衣+8 in Japanese, 14 strokes in Chinese, 13 strokes in Japanese, cangjie input 中日心女 (LAPV), four-corner 36227, composition ⿰衤曷 or ⿰衤⿱日匂)

Derived characters

References

  • Kangxi Dictionary: page 1120, character 42
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 34435
  • Dae Jaweon: page 1588, character 15
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 5, page 3102, character 13
  • Unihan data for U+8910

Chinese

trad. 褐
simp. # 褐

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 褐
Warring States Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)
Qin slip script Small seal script
Characters in the same phonetic series (曷) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
愒 *kʰaːds, *kʰrads, *kʰrad
馤 *qaːds
靄 *qaːds, *qaːd
餲 *qraːds, *qrads, *ɡaːd, *qaːd
喝 *qraːds, *qʰoːb, *qʰaːd
揭 *kʰrads, *ked, *kʰrad, *ɡrad, *kad, *ɡad
偈 *ɡrads, *ɡrad
猲 *kʰob, *qʰaːd, *qʰad
葛 *kaːd
輵 *kaːd
獦 *klaːd, *rab
渴 *kʰaːd, *ɡrad
嵑 *kʰaːd
暍 *qʰaːd, *qad
曷 *ɡaːd
褐 *ɡaːd
鶡 *ɡaːd
毼 *ɡaːd
蝎 *ɡaːd
鞨 *ɡaːd, *ɢljad
遏 *qaːd
齃 *qaːd
堨 *qaːd
擖 *kʰreːd, *kraːd, *r'aːb
楬 *kʰraːd, *ɡrad, *ɡad
朅 *kʰrad
藒 *kʰrad
竭 *ɡrad, *ɡad
碣 *ɡrad, *ɡad
羯 *kad
鍻 *kad
歇 *qʰad
蠍 *qʰad
謁 *qad

Pronunciation

Rime
Character 褐
Reading # 1/1
Initial (聲) 匣 (33)
Final (韻) 曷 (63)
Tone (調) Checked (Ø)
Openness (開合) Open
Division (等) I
Fanqie 胡葛切
Baxter hat
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang 		/ɦɑt̚/
Pan
Wuyun 		/ɦɑt̚/
Shao
Rongfen 		/ɣɑt̚/
Edwin
Pulleyblank 		/ɦat̚/
Li
Rong 		/ɣɑt̚/
Wang
Li 		/ɣɑt̚/
Bernhard
Karlgren 		/ɣɑt̚/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex 		hé
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex 		hot6
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 褐
Reading # 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin) 		hè
Middle
Chinese 		‹ hat ›
Old
Chinese 		/*[ɢ]ˁat/
English coarse cloth

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 褐
Reading # 1/1
No. 5031
Phonetic
component 		曷
Rime
group 		月
Rime
subdivision 		1
Corresponding
MC rime 		曷
Old
Chinese 		/*ɡaːd/

Definitions

褐

  1. cloth made of coarse fiber
  2. poor; dull
  3. brown

Compounds

  • 委褐
  • 巾褐
  • 布褐
  • 短褐
  • 短褐不全
  • 短褐不完
  • 茶褐
  • 茶褐色 (cháhèsè)
  • 衣褐懷寶 / 衣褐怀宝
  • 被褐
  • 被褐懷寶 / 被褐怀宝
  • 被褐懷玉 / 被褐怀玉
  • 被褐懷珠 / 被褐怀珠
  • 被褐懷金 / 被褐怀金
  • 被褐藏輝 / 被褐藏辉
  • 裋褐
  • 裘褐
  • 褐土
  • 褐夫
  • 褐炭
  • 褐煤 (hèméi)
  • 褐矮星 (hè'ǎixīng)
  • 褐色 (hèsè)
  • 褐藻
  • 褐藻膠 / 褐藻胶
  • 褐衣疏食
  • 褐袖
  • 褐變 / 褐变
  • 褐錳礦 / 褐锰矿
  • 褐鐵礦 / 褐铁矿
  • 褐飛蝨 / 褐飞虱
  • 褐馬雞 / 褐马鸡 (hèmǎjī)
  • 解褐
  • 豎褐 / 竖褐
  • 赤褐
  • 赤褐色 (chìhèsè)
  • 釋褐 / 释褐
  • 馬褐 / 马褐
  • 黃褐斑 / 黄褐斑 (huánghèbān)
  • 黃褐色 / 黄褐色 (huánghèsè)

Descendants

  • ⇒ Middle Chinese: 褐子 (hat.tsiX)
    • → Sogdian: 𐼘𐼄𐼈𐼊 (rɣzy /⁠raɣzi⁠/)

References

Japanese

Shinjitai 褐
Kyūjitai
[1][2][3][4]
褐
&#xFA60;
or
褐+&#xFE00;?
褐󠄁
褐+&#xE0101;?
(Adobe-Japan1)
褐󠄃
褐+&#xE0103;?
(Hanyo-Denshi)
(Moji_Joho)
The displayed kanji may be different from the image due to your environment.
See here for details.

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 褐
Warring States Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)
Qin slip script Small seal script
Characters in the same phonetic series (曷) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
愒 *kʰaːds, *kʰrads, *kʰrad
馤 *qaːds
靄 *qaːds, *qaːd
餲 *qraːds, *qrads, *ɡaːd, *qaːd
喝 *qraːds, *qʰoːb, *qʰaːd
揭 *kʰrads, *ked, *kʰrad, *ɡrad, *kad, *ɡad
偈 *ɡrads, *ɡrad
猲 *kʰob, *qʰaːd, *qʰad
葛 *kaːd
輵 *kaːd
獦 *klaːd, *rab
渴 *kʰaːd, *ɡrad
嵑 *kʰaːd
暍 *qʰaːd, *qad
曷 *ɡaːd
褐 *ɡaːd
鶡 *ɡaːd
毼 *ɡaːd
蝎 *ɡaːd
鞨 *ɡaːd, *ɢljad
遏 *qaːd
齃 *qaːd
堨 *qaːd
擖 *kʰreːd, *kraːd, *r'aːb
楬 *kʰraːd, *ɡrad, *ɡad
朅 *kʰrad
藒 *kʰrad
竭 *ɡrad, *ɡad
碣 *ɡrad, *ɡad
羯 *kad
鍻 *kad
歇 *qʰad
蠍 *qʰad
謁 *qad

The original character is 褐. Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *ɡaːd): semantic ⻂ (“clothing”) + phonetic 曷 (OC *ɡaːd). It conveys the meaning "a garment made of coarse cloth," and by extension, "rough or shabby clothing." The modern Jōyō kanji is a simplified form.[5]

Kanji

褐

(Jōyō kanji, shinjitai kanji, kyūjitai form 褐)

  1. coarse, rough fabric, especially of wool
  2. poor
  3. brown

Readings

  • Go-on: かち (kachi)←かち (kati, historical)、がち (gachi)←がち (gati, historical)
  • Kan-on: かつ (katsu, Jōyō)←かつ (katu, historical)
  • Kan’yō-on: かちん (kachin)
  • Kun: ぬのこ (nunoko, 褐)

Etymology 1

Kanji in this term
褐
かつ
Grade: S
kan'on
Alternative spelling
褐 (kyūjitai)

From Middle Chinese 褐 (MC hat).

Pronunciation

Noun

褐(かつ) • (katsu) 

  1. (archaic) dark navy blue
  2. coarse woolen fabric
    褐(かつ)を釈(と)く
    katsu o toku
    (of a private citizen) to serve
    (literally, “to shed coarse clothes (and to put on full dress)”)
Derived terms
  • 褐(かつ)色(いろ) (katsuiro)
  • 褐(かつ)寛(かん)博(ぱく) (katsu-kanpaku)
  • 褐(かっ)色(しょく) (kasshoku)
  • 褐(かっ)藻(そう) (kassō)
  • 褐(かっ)炭(たん) (kattan)
  • 褐(かっ)鉄(てっ)鋼(こう) (kat-tekkō)
  • 褐(かっ)斑(ぱん)病(びょう) (kappan-byō)
  • 褐(かっ)変(ぺん) (kappen)
  • 短(たん)褐(かつ) (tankatsu)

Etymology 2

Kanji in this term
褐
かち
Grade: S
goon
Alternative spelling
褐 (kyūjitai)

From Middle Chinese 褐 (MC hat).

Noun

褐(かち) • (kachi) 

  1. (archaic) dark navy blue
  2. coarse woolen fabric
Derived terms

Etymology 3

Kanji in this term
褐
かちん
Grade: S
kan'yōon
Alternative spelling
褐 (kyūjitai)

Shift from kachi above.[6]

Noun

褐(かちん) • (kachin) 

  1. synonym of 褐 (kachi)

References

  1. ^ “褐”, in 漢字ぺディア [Kanjipedia]‎[1] (in Japanese), The Japan Kanji Aptitude Testing Foundation, 2015–2026
  2. ^ 白川静 (Shirakawa Shizuka) (2014), “褐”, in 字通 (Jitsū)‎[2] (in Japanese), popular edition, Tōkyō: Heibonsha, →ISBN
  3. ^ Haga, Gōtarō (1914), 漢和大辞書 [The Great Kanji-Japanese Dictionary] (in Japanese), Fourth edition, Tōkyō: Kōbunsha, →DOI, page 1929 (paper), page 1016 (digital)
  4. ^ Shōundō Henshūjo, editor (1927), 新漢和辞典 [The New Kanji-Japanese Dictionary] (in Japanese), Ōsaka: Shōundō, →DOI, page 1096 (paper), page 561 (digital)
  5. ^ Digital Shinjigen 2017
  6. ↑ 6.0 6.1 Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN

Korean

Hanja

褐 (eumhun 갈색 갈 (galsaek gal))

  1. hanja form? of 갈 (“brown”)

褐 (eumhun 굵은 갈 (gulgeun gal))

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Vietnamese

Han character

褐: Hán Nôm readings: hạt

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.
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