臣服
Chinese
statesman; vassal; courtier statesman; vassal; courtier; minister; official |
clothes; dress; garment clothes; dress; garment; submit; take (medicine) | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| simp. and trad. (臣服) |
臣 | 服 | |
Pronunciation
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)
- Hanyu Pinyin: chénfú
- Zhuyin: ㄔㄣˊ ㄈㄨˊ
- Tongyong Pinyin: chénfú
- Wade–Giles: chʻên2-fu2
- Yale: chén-fú
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: chernfwu
- Palladius: чэньфу (čɛnʹfu)
- Sinological IPA (key): /ʈ͡ʂʰən³⁵ fu³⁵/
- Homophones:
沉浮
臣服
- (Standard Chinese)
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)+
- Jyutping: san4 fuk6
- Yale: sàhn fuhk
- Cantonese Pinyin: san4 fuk9
- Guangdong Romanization: sen4 fug6
- Sinological IPA (key): /sɐn²¹ fʊk̚²/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)+
- Southern Min
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: sîn-ho̍k
- Tâi-lô: sîn-ho̍k
- Phofsit Daibuun: sinhok
- Sinological IPA (Quanzhou): /sin²⁴⁻²² hɔk̚²⁴/
- Sinological IPA (Xiamen): /sin²⁴⁻²² hɔk̚⁴/
- Sinological IPA (Zhangzhou): /sin¹³⁻²² hɔk̚¹²¹/
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou)
- Middle Chinese: dzyin bjuwk
- Old Chinese
- (Baxter–Sagart): /*[ɡ]i[ŋ] [b]ək/
- (Zhengzhang): /*ɡiŋ bɯɡ/
Verb
臣服
- (literary, historical) to acknowledge allegiance to; to serve (the emperor)
- (literary, historical) to submit to (the rule of)
- (by extension) to submit to; to acknowledge defeat or inferiority
Synonyms
- (to submit):
Antonyms
- (antonym(s) of “to submit”):
- 不屈 (bùqū)
Japanese
| Kanji in this term | |
|---|---|
| 臣 | 服 |
| しん Grade: 4 |
ふく > ぷく Grade: 3 |
| on'yomi | |
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): [ɕĩmpɯ̟kɯ̟]
Verb
臣服する • (shinpuku suru) suru (stem 臣服し (shinpuku shi), past 臣服した (shinpuku shita))
- to acknowledge allegiance to; to serve (the king)
Conjugation
| Katsuyōkei ("stem forms") | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Mizenkei ("imperfective") | 臣服し | しんぷくし | shinpuku shi |
| Ren’yōkei ("continuative") | 臣服し | しんぷくし | shinpuku shi |
| Shūshikei ("terminal") | 臣服する | しんぷくする | shinpuku suru |
| Rentaikei ("attributive") | 臣服する | しんぷくする | shinpuku suru |
| Kateikei ("hypothetical") | 臣服すれ | しんぷくすれ | shinpuku sure |
| Meireikei ("imperative") | 臣服せよ¹ 臣服しろ² |
しんぷくせよ¹ しんぷくしろ² |
shinpuku seyo¹ shinpuku shiro² |
| Key constructions | |||
| Passive | 臣服される | しんぷくされる | shinpuku sareru |
| Causative | 臣服させる 臣服さす |
しんぷくさせる しんぷくさす |
shinpuku saseru shinpuku sasu |
| Potential | 臣服できる | しんぷくできる | shinpuku dekiru |
| Volitional | 臣服しよう | しんぷくしよう | shinpuku shiyō |
| Negative | 臣服しない | しんぷくしない | shinpuku shinai |
| Negative continuative | 臣服せず | しんぷくせず | shinpuku sezu |
| Formal | 臣服します | しんぷくします | shinpuku shimasu |
| Perfective | 臣服した | しんぷくした | shinpuku shita |
| Conjunctive | 臣服して | しんぷくして | shinpuku shite |
| Hypothetical conditional | 臣服すれば | しんぷくすれば | shinpuku sureba |
¹ Written imperative
² Spoken imperative