稿

See also: 稾
稿 U+7A3F, 稿
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-7A3F
← 稾
[U+7A3E] 		CJK Unified Ideographs 穀 →
[U+7A40]

Translingual

Han character

稿 (Kangxi radical 115, 禾+10, 15 strokes, cangjie input 竹木卜口月 (HDYRB), four-corner 20927, composition ⿰禾高)

References

  • Kangxi Dictionary: page 858, character 4
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 25220
  • Dae Jaweon: page 1283, character 12
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 4, page 2625, character 6
  • Unihan data for U+7A3F

Chinese

simp. and trad.
 稿
alternative forms 稾
藁
藳

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 稿
Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)
Small seal script
Characters in the same phonetic series (高) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
高 *kaːw
膏 *kaːw, *kaːws
篙 *kaːw
稿 *kaːwʔ
稾 *kaːwʔ, *kʰaːws
槁 *kaːwʔ, *kʰaːwʔ
縞 *kaːwʔ, *kaːws
暠 *kaːwʔ
槀 *kaːwʔ
藁 *kaːwʔ
燺 *kʰaːwʔ
薧 *kʰaːwʔ, *kʰaːws, *qʰaːw
犒 *kʰaːws
蒿 *qʰaːw
藃 *qʰaːws, *qʰraːw, *qʰraw
豪 *ɡaːw
毫 *ɡaːw
壕 *ɡaːw
濠 *ɡaːw
鎬 *ɡaːwʔ
滈 *ɡaːwʔ, *qʰraːwɢ
鄗 *ɡaːwʔ, *kʰraːw, *qʰaːwɢ
鰝 *ɡaːwʔ, *qʰaːwɢ
薃 *ɡaːwʔ
搞 *kruːʔ
敲 *kʰraːw, *kʰraːws
髇 *qʰraːw
嗃 *qʰraːw, *qʰraːws, *qʰaːwɢ
巐 *kʰl'awʔ
歊 *qʰraw, *qʰoːwɢ
謞 *qʰaːwɢ, *qʰraːwɢ
熇 *qʰaːwɢ, *qʰoːwɢ, *qʰoːɡ
碻 *kʰraːwɢ
塙 *kʰraːwɢ
毃 *kʰraːwɢ
翯 *qʰraːwɢ, *ɡraːwɢ, *ɡoːwɢ
瀥 *qʰraːwɢ

Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *kaːwʔ): semantic 禾 + phonetic 高 (OC *kaːw).

Pronunciation

Note: erhua only applies to 'draft, sketch' and 'manuscript' meanings.
Note:
  • go3 - vernacular (e.g. 菜稿, 稻稿);
  • gor3 - literary (e.g. 稿件, 草稿).
Rime
Character 稿
Reading # 1/1
Initial (聲) 見 (28)
Final (韻) 豪 (89)
Tone (調) Rising (X)
Openness (開合) Open
Division (等) I
Fanqie 古老切
Baxter kawX
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang 		/kɑuX/
Pan
Wuyun 		/kɑuX/
Shao
Rongfen 		/kɑuX/
Edwin
Pulleyblank 		/kawX/
Li
Rong 		/kɑuX/
Wang
Li 		/kɑuX/
Bernhard
Karlgren 		/kɑuX/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex 		gǎo
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex 		gou2
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 稿
Reading # 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin) 		gǎo
Middle
Chinese 		‹ kawX ›
Old
Chinese 		/*Cə.[k]ˁawʔ/
English straw

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 稿
Reading # 1/1
No. 3729
Phonetic
component 		高
Rime
group 		宵
Rime
subdivision 		1
Corresponding
MC rime 		暠
Old
Chinese 		/*kaːwʔ/
Notes 說文稾今字

Definitions

稿

  1. (literary) stalk of grain; straw
    稿薦／稿荐  ―  gǎojiàn  ―  straw mattress; pallet
  2. draft; sketch (Classifier: 份 m c)
  3. manuscript (Classifier: 篇 m c)
    稿件  ―  gǎojiàn  ―  rough draft; manuscript
  4. (literary, or in compounds) looks; appearance (of a person)

Synonyms

  • (stalk of grain): 莖／茎 (jīng)
  • (draft):
  • (manuscript):
  • (looks):

Compounds

References

  • “稿”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)‎[1], 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–
  • 李如龙 [Li, Ru-long]; 刘福铸 [Liu, Fu-zhu]; 吴华英 [Wu, Hua-ying]; 黄国城 [Huang, Guo-cheng] (2019), “稿”, in 莆仙方言调查报告 [Investigation Report on Puxian Dialect] (overall work in Mandarin and Puxian Min), Xiamen University Press, →ISBN, page 176.

Japanese

Kanji

稿

(Jōyō kanji)

  1. manuscript, version, draft

Readings

  • Go-on: こう (kō, Jōyō)←かう (kau, historical)
  • Kan-on: こう (kō, Jōyō)←かう (kau, historical)
  • Kun: わら (wara, 稿)

Etymology

Kanji in this term
稿
こう
Grade: S
on'yomi

From Middle Chinese 稿 (MC kawX).

Pronunciation

(as a noun):

(as a verb):

  • (Tokyo) こーする [kòó súꜜrù] (Nakadaka – [3])
  • IPA(key): [ko̞ː sɨɾɯ̟]

Noun

稿(こう) • (kō) ←かう (kau)?

  1. manuscript, version, draft

Verb

稿(こう)する • (kō suru) ←かう (kau)?suru (stem 稿(こう)し (kō shi), past 稿(こう)した (kō shita))

  1. to write (a manuscript or rough copy)

Conjugation

Conjugation of "稿する" (See Appendix:Japanese verbs)
Katsuyōkei ("stem forms")
Mizenkei ("imperfective") 稿し こうし kō shi
Ren’yōkei ("continuative") 稿し こうし kō shi
Shūshikei ("terminal") 稿する こうする kō suru
Rentaikei ("attributive") 稿する こうする kō suru
Kateikei ("hypothetical") 稿すれ こうすれ kō sure
Meireikei ("imperative") 稿せよ¹
稿しろ² 		こうせよ¹
こうしろ² 		kō seyo¹
kō shiro²
Key constructions
Passive 稿される こうされる kō sareru
Causative 稿させる
稿さす 		こうさせる
こうさす 		kō saseru
kō sasu
Potential 稿できる こうできる kō dekiru
Volitional 稿しよう こうしよう kō shiyō
Negative 稿しない こうしない kō shinai
Negative continuative 稿せず こうせず kō sezu
Formal 稿します こうします kō shimasu
Perfective 稿した こうした kō shita
Conjunctive 稿して こうして kō shite
Hypothetical conditional 稿すれば こうすれば kō sureba

¹ Written imperative
² Spoken imperative

References

Korean

Hanja

稿 (eumhun 볏집 고 (byeotjip go))

  1. hanja form? of 고 (“draft, manuscript”)

Vietnamese

Han character

稿: Hán Nôm readings: cảo, khao

  1. chữ Nôm form of cảo (“a manuscript; a creative work”)
    • 1820, 阮攸 [Nguyễn Du], compiled by Liễu Văn Đường, 傳翹 [Truyện Kiều], published 1866, line 7:
      稿(Cảo)𦹳(thơm)吝(lần)𱠎(giở)𠓀(trước)畑(đèn)
      風(Phong)情(tình)固(có)錄(lục)群(còn)傳(truyền)史(sử)撑(xanh)
      Turning scented pages of an old volume under an oil lamp,
      I started reading a long-ago tale of love and romance.

Compounds

References

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