祈願

Chinese

		implore; pray; please	hope; wish; desire hope; wish; desire; ready; willing
trad. (祈願)		祈	願
simp. (祈愿)		祈	愿

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): qíyuàn

(Zhuyin): ㄑㄧˊ ㄩㄢˋ
Cantonese (Jyutping): kei⁴ jyun⁶
Southern Min (Teochew, Peng'im): ki⁵ nguang⁶

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: qíyuàn
  - Zhuyin: ㄑㄧˊ ㄩㄢˋ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: cíyuàn
  - Wade–Giles: chʻi²-yüan⁴
  - Yale: chí-ywàn
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: chyiyuann
  - Palladius: циюань (cijuanʹ)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡ɕʰi³⁵ ɥɛn⁵¹/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
  - Jyutping: kei⁴ jyun⁶
  - Yale: kèih yuhn
  - Cantonese Pinyin: kei⁴ jyn⁶
  - Guangdong Romanization: kéi⁴ yun⁶
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /kʰei̯²¹ jyːn²²/
Southern Min
- (Teochew)
  - Peng'im: ki⁵ nguang⁶
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: khî nguăng
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /kʰi⁵⁵⁻¹¹ ŋuaŋ³⁵/

Verb

祈願

to hope; to wish

Synonyms

敬祝 (jìngzhù) (honorific)
祈望 (qíwàng)
祝
祝福 (zhùfú)
祝頌 / 祝颂 (zhùsòng)
祝願 / 祝愿 (zhùyuàn)

Noun

祈願

hope; wish

Adjective

祈願

(linguistics) optative

Synonyms

希冀 (xījì) (literary)
希望 (xīwàng)
心願 / 心愿 (xīnyuàn)
志意 (zhìyì) (literary)
志願 / 志愿 (zhìyuàn)
想兒 / 想儿 (xiǎngr) (Beijing Mandarin)
意願 / 意愿 (yìyuàn)
慾望 / 欲望 (yùwàng)
指望 (zhǐwàng)
期冀 (qījì) (literary)
期望 (qīwàng)
願 / 愿 (yuàn)
願望 / 愿望 (yuànwàng)

Derived terms

祈願語氣／祈愿语气 (qíyuàn yǔqì, “optative mood”)

Japanese

Kanji in this term
祈	願
き Grade: S	がん Grade: 4
on'yomi

Alternative spelling
祈願 (kyūjitai)

Pronunciation

(Tokyo) きがん [kíꜜgàǹ] (Atamadaka – [1])^[1]
IPA^(key): [kʲiɡã̠ɴ]

Noun

祈(き)願(がん) • (kigan) ^{←きぐわん (kigwan)^?}

prayer

Verb

祈(き)願(がん)する • (kigan suru) ^{←きぐわん (kigwan)^?}suru (stem 祈(き)願(がん)し (kigan shi), past 祈(き)願(がん)した (kigan shita))

pray

Conjugation

Conjugation of "祈願する" (See Appendix:Japanese verbs)
Katsuyōkei ("stem forms")
Mizenkei ("imperfective")	祈願し	きがんし	kigan shi
Ren’yōkei ("continuative")	祈願し	きがんし	kigan shi
Shūshikei ("terminal")	祈願する	きがんする	kigan suru
Rentaikei ("attributive")	祈願する	きがんする	kigan suru
Kateikei ("hypothetical")	祈願すれ	きがんすれ	kigan sure
Meireikei ("imperative")	祈願せよ¹ 祈願しろ²	きがんせよ¹ きがんしろ²	kigan seyo¹ kigan shiro²
Key constructions
Passive	祈願される	きがんされる	kigan sareru
Causative	祈願させる祈願さす	きがんさせるきがんさす	kigan saseru kigan sasu
Potential	祈願できる	きがんできる	kigan dekiru
Volitional	祈願しよう	きがんしよう	kigan shiyō
Negative	祈願しない	きがんしない	kigan shinai
Negative continuative	祈願せず	きがんせず	kigan sezu
Formal	祈願します	きがんします	kigan shimasu
Perfective	祈願した	きがんした	kigan shita
Conjunctive	祈願して	きがんして	kigan shite
Hypothetical conditional	祈願すれば	きがんすれば	kigan sureba

¹ Written imperative
² Spoken imperative

References

^ Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN

“祈願”, in 漢字ぺディア [Kanjipedia]‎^[1] (in Japanese), The Japan Kanji Aptitude Testing Foundation, 2015–2026

Korean

Hanja in this term
祈	願

Noun

祈願 • (giwon) (hangeul 기원)

hanja form^? of 기원 (“praying”)