礉

礉	U+7909, 礉 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-7909

← 礈
[U+7908]

CJK Unified Ideographs

礊 →
[U+790A]

Translingual

Han character

礉 (Kangxi radical 112, 石+13, 18 strokes, cangjie input 一口竹尸大 (MRHSK), four-corner 1864₀, composition ⿰石敫)

References

Kangxi Dictionary: page 837, character 15
Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 24508
Dae Jaweon: page 1254, character 18
Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 4, page 2460, character 1
Unihan data for U+7909

Chinese

simp. and trad.		礉

Glyph origin

Characters in the same phonetic series (敫) (Zhengzhang, 2003)

	Old Chinese
礉	kʰreːw, kʰreːwɢs
邀	qlew, kleːw
憿	*kleːw
徼	kleːw, kleːwɢs
儌	kleːwʔ, kleːwʔ
璬	*kleːwʔ
皦	*kleːwʔ
繳	kleːwʔ, kljewɢ, *ɡreːɡ
敫	kleːwɢs, ɢlewɢ, *kleːwɢ
譥	*kleːwɢs
激	kleːwɢs, kleːwɢ
噭	*kleːwɢs
獥	kleːwɢs, kleːwɢ, *ɡleːwɢ
鸄	kleːwɢs, kleːwɢ, *ɡleːwɢ
墽	*kʰleːw
竅	*kʰleːwɢs
覈	ɡleːd, ɡreːɡ
燩	kʰreːwɢ, kʰleːwɢ
檄	*ɡleːwɢ
薂	*ɡleːwɢ

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): hé, qiāo, qiào (he², qiao¹, qiao⁴)

(Zhuyin): ㄏㄜˊ, ㄑㄧㄠ, ㄑㄧㄠˋ
Cantonese (Jyutping): hat⁶

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: hé
  - Zhuyin: ㄏㄜˊ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: hé
  - Wade–Giles: ho²
  - Yale: hé
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: her
  - Palladius: хэ (xɛ)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /xɤ³⁵/
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: qiāo
  - Zhuyin: ㄑㄧㄠ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: ciao
  - Wade–Giles: chʻiao¹
  - Yale: chyāu
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: chiau
  - Palladius: цяо (cjao)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡ɕʰi̯ɑʊ̯⁵⁵/
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: qiào
  - Zhuyin: ㄑㄧㄠˋ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: ciào
  - Wade–Giles: chʻiao⁴
  - Yale: chyàu
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: chiaw
  - Palladius: цяо (cjao)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡ɕʰi̯ɑʊ̯⁵¹/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
  - Jyutping: hat⁶
  - Yale: haht
  - Cantonese Pinyin: hat⁹
  - Guangdong Romanization: hed⁶
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /hɐt̚²/

Middle Chinese: khaew, khaewH

Rime
Character	礉	礉
Reading #	1/2	2/2
Initial (聲)	溪 (29)	溪 (29)
Final (韻)	肴 (90)	肴 (90)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)	Departing (H)
Openness (開合)	Open	Open
Division (等)	II	II
Fanqie	口交切	苦敎切
Baxter	khaew	khaewH
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/kʰˠau/	/kʰˠau^H/
Pan Wuyun	/kʰᵚau/	/kʰᵚau^H/
Shao Rongfen	/kʰau/	/kʰau^H/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/kʰaɨw/	/kʰaɨw^H/
Li Rong	/kʰau/	/kʰau^H/
Wang Li	/kʰau/	/kʰau^H/
Bernhard Karlgren	/kʰau/	/kʰau^H/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	qiāo	qiào
Expected Cantonese Reflex	haau¹	haau³

Old Chinese
(Zhengzhang): /*kʰreːw/, /*kʰreːwɢs/

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	礉	礉
Reading #	1/2	2/2
No.	6380	6381
Phonetic component	敫	敫
Rime group	宵	豹
Rime subdivision	2	2
Corresponding MC rime	敲	敲
Old Chinese	/*kʰreːw/	/*kʰreːwɢs/
Notes	同䂭

Definitions

礉

severe; harsh

Compounds

慘礉 / 惨礉