留守番
Japanese
| Kanji in this term | ||
|---|---|---|
| 留 | 守 | 番 |
| る Grade: 5 |
す Grade: 3 |
ばん Grade: 2 |
| on'yomi | ||
Etymology
留守 (rusu, “absence”) + 番 (ban, “watch”).
Pronunciation
- (Tokyo) るすばん [rùsúbáń] (Heiban – [0])[1][2][3][4]
- (Kyōto) るすばん [rùsúꜜbàǹ] (Nakadaka – [2])[4]
- IPA(key): [ɾɯ̟sɨbã̠ɴ]
Noun
留守番 • (rusuban)
- taking care of something while the owner is absent
- a caretaker
Derived terms
- 留守番電話 (rusuban denwa, “answering machine”)
Verb
留守番する • (rusuban suru) suru (stem 留守番し (rusuban shi), past 留守番した (rusuban shita))
- to take care of something while the owner is away
Conjugation
| Katsuyōkei ("stem forms") | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Mizenkei ("imperfective") | 留守番し | るすばんし | rusuban shi |
| Ren’yōkei ("continuative") | 留守番し | るすばんし | rusuban shi |
| Shūshikei ("terminal") | 留守番する | るすばんする | rusuban suru |
| Rentaikei ("attributive") | 留守番する | るすばんする | rusuban suru |
| Kateikei ("hypothetical") | 留守番すれ | るすばんすれ | rusuban sure |
| Meireikei ("imperative") | 留守番せよ¹ 留守番しろ² |
るすばんせよ¹ るすばんしろ² |
rusuban seyo¹ rusuban shiro² |
| Key constructions | |||
| Passive | 留守番される | るすばんされる | rusuban sareru |
| Causative | 留守番させる 留守番さす |
るすばんさせる るすばんさす |
rusuban saseru rusuban sasu |
| Potential | 留守番できる | るすばんできる | rusuban dekiru |
| Volitional | 留守番しよう | るすばんしよう | rusuban shiyō |
| Negative | 留守番しない | るすばんしない | rusuban shinai |
| Negative continuative | 留守番せず | るすばんせず | rusuban sezu |
| Formal | 留守番します | るすばんします | rusuban shimasu |
| Perfective | 留守番した | るすばんした | rusuban shita |
| Conjunctive | 留守番して | るすばんして | rusuban shite |
| Hypothetical conditional | 留守番すれば | るすばんすれば | rusuban sureba |
¹ Written imperative
² Spoken imperative
References
- ^ Yamada, Tadao et al., editors (2011), 新明解国語辞典 [Shin Meikai Kokugo Jiten] (in Japanese), Seventh edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
- ^ Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
- ^ NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tokyo: NHK Publishing, Inc., →ISBN
- ↑ 4.0 4.1 “留守番”, in 日本国語大辞典 [Nihon Kokugo Daijiten][1] (in Japanese), 2nd edition, Tokyo: Shogakukan, 2000-2002, released online 2007, →ISBN, concise edition entry available here