永眠

Chinese

		forever; always; perpetual(ly)	sleep
simp. and trad. (永眠)		永	眠
Literally: “to sleep forever”.

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): yǒngmián

(Zhuyin): ㄩㄥˇ ㄇㄧㄢˊ
Cantonese (Jyutping): wing⁵ min⁴

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: yǒngmián
  - Zhuyin: ㄩㄥˇ ㄇㄧㄢˊ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: yǒngmián
  - Wade–Giles: yung³-mien²
  - Yale: yǔng-myán
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: yeongmian
  - Palladius: юнмянь (junmjanʹ)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /jʊŋ²¹⁴⁻²¹ mi̯ɛn³⁵/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
  - Jyutping: wing⁵ min⁴
  - Yale: wíhng mìhn
  - Cantonese Pinyin: wing⁵ min⁴
  - Guangdong Romanization: wing⁵ min⁴
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /wɪŋ¹³ miːn²¹/

Verb

永眠

(euphemistic, honorific) to die; to pass away; to rest eternally

Synonyms

edit

下世 (xiàshì) (formal)
上天 (shàngtiān) (euphemistic)
上路 (shànglù) (euphemistic)
不在 (bùzài) (euphemistic)
不幸 (bùxìng) (Classical Chinese, euphemistic)
不祿 / 不禄 (bùlù) (archaic, euphemistic, of military officers)
亡
亡故 (wánggù) (literary)
亡身 (wángshēn) (literary)
仙逝 (xiānshì) (euphemistic)
仙遊 / 仙游 (xiānyóu) (euphemistic)
作古 (zuògǔ) (literary, euphemistic)
做鬼 (zuòguǐ) (colloquial)
傾世 / 倾世 (qīngshì) (literary)
傾亡 / 倾亡 (qīngwáng) (literary)
入寂 (rùjì) (Buddhism, of Buddhist monks)
凋謝 / 凋谢 (diāoxiè) (to die of old age)
化去 (huàqù) (euphemistic)
升天 (shēngtiān) (euphemistic)
即世 (jíshì) (literary)
去世 (qùshì)
合眼 (héyǎn) (euphemistic)
喪亡 / 丧亡 (sàngwáng) (literary)
喪命 / 丧命 (sàngmìng) (euphemistic)
喪生 / 丧生 (sàngshēng) (euphemistic)
喪身 / 丧身 (sàngshēn) (literary)
嗚呼 / 呜呼 (wūhū) (euphemistic)
嗝屁 (gěpì) (Mandarin, vulgar, dysphemistic)
嚥氣 / 咽气 (yànqì) (colloquial)
回老家 (huí lǎojiā) (euphemistic, humorous)
圓寂 / 圆寂 (yuánjì) (of Buddhist monks or nuns)
壽終正寢 / 寿终正寝 (shòuzhōngzhèngqǐn) (euphemistic)
失氣 / 失气 (shīqì) (literary)
安息 (ānxī) (euphemistic)
安眠 (ānmián) (euphemistic)
小喇叭兒吹了 / 小喇叭儿吹了 (xiǎo lǎbār chuī le) (Beijing Mandarin)
就義 / 就义 (jiùyì) (to die a martyr)
崩 (bēng) (of a king, emperor, monarch, etc.)
崩殂 (bēngcú) (Classical, of a king, emperor, monarch, etc.)
彈老三 / 弹老三 (Northern Wu, informal, humorous)
往生 (wǎngshēng) (euphemistic)
忽然 (hūrán) (Classical Chinese, euphemistic)
掛 / 挂 (guà) (slang, humorous)
故 (gù)
故世 (gùshì) (euphemistic, chiefly of one's elders)
故去 (gùqù) (euphemistic, chiefly of one's elders)
斃命 / 毙命 (bìmìng) (pejorative)
早死 (zǎosǐ)
晏駕 / 晏驾 (yànjià) (of a king, emperor, monarch, etc.)
枯死 (kūsǐ) (literary, figurative)
棄世 / 弃世 (qìshì) (literary)
歸天 / 归天 (guītiān) (euphemistic)
歸西 / 归西 (guīxī) (euphemistic)
歸道山 / 归道山 (guī dàoshān) (literary, euphemistic)
死 (sǐ)
死亡 (sǐwáng) (formal)
死人 (sǐrén)
死去 (sǐqù) (informal)
死掉 (sǐdiào) (informal)
死翹翹 / 死翘翘 (sǐqiàoqiào) (informal, humorous)
死脫 / 死脱 (⁵shi-theq) (Wu)
殞 / 殒 (yǔn) (archaic)
殺身 / 杀身 (shāshēn) (literary)
氣絕 / 气绝 (qìjué) (literary)
沒世 / 没世 (mòshì) (literary)
沉眠 (chénmián) (euphemistic)
消忒 (Hakka, euphemistic)
物化 (wùhuà) (literary)
狗帶 / 狗带 (gǒudài) (slang, neologism)
畢命 / 毕命 (bìmìng) (formal, euphemistic)
病亡 (bìngwáng) (to die of illness)
病故 (bìnggù) (to die of illness)
病死 (bìngsǐ) (to die of illness)
病逝 (bìngshì) (to die of illness)
瘐死 (yǔsǐ) (of deaths in prison)
百年歸老 / 百年归老 (bǎiniánguīlǎo) (euphemistic, of the elderly)
盡命 / 尽命 (jìnmìng) (literary, euphemistic)
終 / 终 (zhōng) (literary, or in compounds, euphemistic)
絕 / 绝 (jué) (literary, or in compounds)
翹辮子 / 翘辫子 (qiào biànzi) (informal, humorous)
老了 (lǎo le) (euphemistic, of the elderly)
蒙主寵召 / 蒙主宠召 (méngzhǔchǒngzhào) (Christianity, euphemistic)
薨 (hōng) (Classical Chinese, of feudal lords or high officials)
薨逝 (hōngshì) (of feudal lords)
被難 / 被难 (bèinàn) (to be killed in a disaster, political incident, etc.)
見背 / 见背 (jiànbèi) (literary, of one's parents or elders)
見閻王 / 见阎王 (jiàn Yánwáng) (figurative)
見馬克思 / 见马克思 (jiàn Mǎkèsī) (communism, euphemistic)
謝世 / 谢世 (xièshì) (literary)
賓天 / 宾天 (bīntiān) (of a king, emperor, monarch, etc.)
走 (zǒu) (euphemistic)
走去踮 (Hokkien, euphemistic)
身亡 (shēnwáng) (formal, usually from unnatural causes)
辭世 / 辞世 (císhì) (literary)
辭塵 / 辞尘 (cíchén) (literary, euphemistic)
逝世 (shìshì)
進棺材 / 进棺材 (jìn guāncái)
過世 / 过世 (guòshì)
過去 / 过去 (guòqù) (euphemistic)
過往 / 过往 (Hokkien, Teochew, euphemistic)
過身 / 过身 (guòshēn) (literary)
過面 / 过面 (Hokkien)
長山賣鴨卵 / 长山卖鸭卵 (Hakka, euphemistic)
長眠 / 长眠 (chángmián) (euphemistic, honorific)
閉眼 / 闭眼 (bìyǎn) (euphemistic)
隕落 / 陨落 (yǔnluò) (euphemistic)
離世 / 离世 (líshì) (euphemistic)
駕崩 / 驾崩 (jiàbēng) (of a king, emperor, monarch, etc.)
駕鶴西去 / 驾鹤西去 (jiàhèxīqù) (euphemistic)
駕鶴西遊 / 驾鹤西游 (jiàhèxīyóu) (euphemistic)
龍馭上賓 / 龙驭上宾 (lóngyùshàngbīn) (of an emperor)

Japanese

Kanji in this term
永	眠
えい Grade: 5	みん Grade: S
on'yomi

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): [e̞ːmʲĩɴ]

Noun

永(えい)眠(みん) • (eimin)

death, eternal sleep

Verb

永(えい)眠(みん)する • (eimin suru) suru (stem 永(えい)眠(みん)し (eimin shi), past 永(えい)眠(みん)した (eimin shita))

to die, to pass away

Conjugation

Conjugation of "永眠する" (See Appendix:Japanese verbs)
Katsuyōkei ("stem forms")
Mizenkei ("imperfective")	永眠し	えいみんし	eimin shi
Ren’yōkei ("continuative")	永眠し	えいみんし	eimin shi
Shūshikei ("terminal")	永眠する	えいみんする	eimin suru
Rentaikei ("attributive")	永眠する	えいみんする	eimin suru
Kateikei ("hypothetical")	永眠すれ	えいみんすれ	eimin sure
Meireikei ("imperative")	永眠せよ¹ 永眠しろ²	えいみんせよ¹ えいみんしろ²	eimin seyo¹ eimin shiro²
Key constructions
Passive	永眠される	えいみんされる	eimin sareru
Causative	永眠させる永眠さす	えいみんさせるえいみんさす	eimin saseru eimin sasu
Potential	永眠できる	えいみんできる	eimin dekiru
Volitional	永眠しよう	えいみんしよう	eimin shiyō
Negative	永眠しない	えいみんしない	eimin shinai
Negative continuative	永眠せず	えいみんせず	eimin sezu
Formal	永眠します	えいみんします	eimin shimasu
Perfective	永眠した	えいみんした	eimin shita
Conjunctive	永眠して	えいみんして	eimin shite
Hypothetical conditional	永眠すれば	えいみんすれば	eimin sureba

¹ Written imperative
² Spoken imperative

Synonyms

See Thesaurus:死ぬ

References

“永眠”, in 漢字ぺディア [Kanjipedia]‎^[1] (in Japanese), The Japan Kanji Aptitude Testing Foundation, 2015–2026

Korean

Hanja in this term
永	眠

Noun

永眠 • (yeongmyeon) (hangeul 영면)

hanja form^? of 영면 (“death, eternal sleep”)