支援

Chinese

		(a measure word); to support; to sustain (a measure word); to support; to sustain; to erect; to raise; branch; division; to draw money	to help; to assist; to aid
simp. and trad. (支援)		支	援

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): zhīyuán

(Zhuyin): ㄓㄩㄢˊ
Cantonese (Jyutping): zi¹ wun⁴ / zi¹ jyun⁴
Southern Min
(Hokkien, POJ): chi-oān / ki-oān / ki-oan

(Teochew, Peng'im): zin¹ iêng⁶

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: zhīyuán
  - Zhuyin: ㄓㄩㄢˊ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: jhihyuán
  - Wade–Giles: chih¹-yüan²
  - Yale: jr̄-ywán
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: jyyuan
  - Palladius: чжиюань (čžijuanʹ)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ʈ͡ʂʐ̩⁵⁵ ɥɛn³⁵/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
  - Jyutping: zi¹ wun⁴ / zi¹ jyun⁴
  - Yale: jī wùhn / jī yùhn
  - Cantonese Pinyin: dzi¹ wun⁴ / dzi¹ jyn⁴
  - Guangdong Romanization: ji¹ wun⁴ / ji¹ yun⁴
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡siː⁵⁵ wuːn²¹/, /t͡siː⁵⁵ jyːn²¹/
  - Homophones:
    ^edit
    ^edit
    支援
    資源 / 资源
Southern Min
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chi-oān
  - Tâi-lô: tsi-uān
  - Phofsit Daibuun: ci'oan
  - Sinological IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou): /t͡si⁴⁴⁻²² uan²²/
  - Sinological IPA (Taipei, Kaohsiung): /t͡si⁴⁴⁻³³ uan³³/
- (Hokkien: Xiamen)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: ki-oān
  - Tâi-lô: ki-uān
  - Phofsit Daibuun: ki'oan
  - Sinological IPA (Xiamen): /ki⁴⁴⁻²² uan²²/
- (Hokkien: Quanzhou)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: ki-oan
  - Tâi-lô: ki-uan
  - Phofsit Daibuun: ki'oafn
  - Sinological IPA (Quanzhou): /ki³³ uan³³/
- (Teochew)
  - Peng'im: zin¹ iêng⁶
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: tsiⁿ iĕng
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sĩ³³⁻²³ ieŋ³⁵/

Verb

支援

to aid; to support; to provide assistance; to back; to help
一方有難，八方支援。 [MSC, trad.]
一方有难，八方支援。 [MSC, simp.]
Yīfāng yǒu nán, bāfāng zhīyuán. [Pinyin]
When disaster strikes, assistance comes from all sides.

Usage notes

For the difference between 支援 (zhīyuán) and 支持 (zhīchí), see the entry 支持 (zhīchí).

Synonyms

佐理 (zuǒlǐ) (literary, with a task)
使勁 / 使劲 (shǐjìn)
加勢 / 加势 (jiāshì)
助 (zhù)
助力 (zhùlì)
助理 (zhùlǐ)
助益 (zhùyì) (literary)
匡助 (kuāngzhù) (literary)
協助 / 协助 (xiézhù)
參佐 / 参佐 (cānzuǒ) (literary)
增援 (zēngyuán, “to provide reinforcements”)
幫 / 帮 (bāng)
幫助 / 帮助 (bāngzhù)
幫同 / 帮同 (bāngtóng) (literary)
幫寸 / 帮寸 (bāngcùn)
幫帶 / 帮带 (bāngdài)
幫忙 / 帮忙 (bāngmáng)
幫手 / 帮手 (bong¹ sau²) (Cantonese)
幫扶 / 帮扶 (bāngfú)
幫襯 / 帮衬 (bāngchèn)
幫贈 / 帮赠 (Hokkien)
扶
扶助 (fúzhù)
扶持 (fúchí)
扶掖 (fúyè) (formal)
拉巴 (dialectal)
挺 (tǐng)
援助 (yuánzhù)
𢯭手 (Hakka)
支助 (zhīzhù) (literary)
支持 (zhīchí)
救 (jiù)
相幫 / 相帮 (xiāngbāng) (dialectal)
相輔 / 相辅 (Teochew)
翼 (yì) (literary, or in compounds)
聲援 / 声援 (shēngyuán, “to express support for”)
臂助 (bìzhù) (literary)
補益 / 补益 (bǔyì)
補臺 / 补台 (bǔtái) (mainland China)
贈力 / 赠力 (Hokkien)
贈助 / 赠助 (Hokkien)
贊喙 / 赞喙 (“to express support for”) (Hokkien)
贈手 / 赠手 (Hokkien)
贊聲 / 赞声 (“to express support for”) (Hokkien)
輔助 / 辅助 (fǔzhù)
陪 (péi) (literary, or in compounds)
鬥幫贈 / 斗帮赠 (Hokkien)
鬥相共 / 斗相共 (Hokkien)
鬥跤手 / 斗跤手 (Hokkien)
鬥跤搭 / 斗跤搭 (Hokkien)

Antonyms

攻擊／攻击 (gōngjī)

Derived terms

技術支援 / 技术支援 (jìshù zhīyuán)
支援部隊 / 支援部队 (zhīyuán bùduì)

Noun

支援

(euphemistic, slang) pornography; porn

Synonyms

資源／资源 (zīyuán)

Japanese

Kanji in this term
支	援
し Grade: 5	えん Grade: S
on'yomi

Pronunciation

(Tokyo) しえん [shìéń] (Heiban – [0])^[1]
IPA^(key): [ɕiẽ̞ɴ]

Noun

支(し)援(えん) • (shien) ^{←しゑん (siwen)^?}

aid, support
支援(しえん)を表明(ひょうめい)した。
Shien o hyōmei shita.
We expressed support.

Verb

支(し)援(えん)する • (shien suru) ^{←しゑん (siwen)^?}transitive suru (stem 支(し)援(えん)し (shien shi), past 支(し)援(えん)した (shien shita))

to aid, to support
- 2025 May 27, 植村洋司, quotee, “第217回国会　参議院　文教科学委員会　第9号　令和7年5月27日”, in 国会会議録検索システム‎^[1], 国立国会図書館:
  子供の可能性は無限大であり、その可能性の開花を支援するのが教師の仕事です。
  Kodomo no kanō-sei wa mugendai de ari, sono kanō-sei no kaika o shien suru no ga kyōshi no shigoto desu.
  Children have limitless potential, and it is the teacher's job to help them realize that potential.

Conjugation

Conjugation of "支援する" (See Appendix:Japanese verbs)
Katsuyōkei ("stem forms")
Mizenkei ("imperfective")	支援し	しえんし	shien shi
Ren’yōkei ("continuative")	支援し	しえんし	shien shi
Shūshikei ("terminal")	支援する	しえんする	shien suru
Rentaikei ("attributive")	支援する	しえんする	shien suru
Kateikei ("hypothetical")	支援すれ	しえんすれ	shien sure
Meireikei ("imperative")	支援せよ¹ 支援しろ²	しえんせよ¹ しえんしろ²	shien seyo¹ shien shiro²
Key constructions
Passive	支援される	しえんされる	shien sareru
Causative	支援させる支援さす	しえんさせるしえんさす	shien saseru shien sasu
Potential	支援できる	しえんできる	shien dekiru
Volitional	支援しよう	しえんしよう	shien shiyō
Negative	支援しない	しえんしない	shien shinai
Negative continuative	支援せず	しえんせず	shien sezu
Formal	支援します	しえんします	shien shimasu
Perfective	支援した	しえんした	shien shita
Conjunctive	支援して	しえんして	shien shite
Hypothetical conditional	支援すれば	しえんすれば	shien sureba

¹ Written imperative
² Spoken imperative

References

^ Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN

“支援”, in 漢字ぺディア [Kanjipedia]‎^[2] (in Japanese), The Japan Kanji Aptitude Testing Foundation, 2015–2026

Korean

Hanja in this term
支	援

Noun

支援 • (jiwon) (hangeul 지원)

hanja form^? of 지원 (“support; aid”)

Vietnamese

chữ Hán Nôm in this term
支	援

Verb

支援

chữ Hán form of chi viện (“to aid, to provide assistance”)