U+62F1, 拱
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-62F1

[U+62F0]
CJK Unified Ideographs
[U+62F2]

Translingual

Han character

(Kangxi radical 64, 手+6, 9 strokes, cangjie input 手廿金 (QTC), four-corner 54081, composition )

Derived characters

  • 𫪵

References

  • Kangxi Dictionary: page 428, character 2
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 11994
  • Dae Jaweon: page 776, character 22
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 3, page 1867, character 2
  • Unihan data for U+62F1

Chinese

simp. and trad.
alternative forms

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character
Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)
Small seal script

Ideogrammic compound (會意 / 会意) and phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *kloŋʔ): semantic (hand) + phonetic (OC *kloŋ, *ɡloŋs).

Pronunciation


Note:
  • kióng - literary;
  • kéng - vernacular.
  • Wu
    • (Northern: Shanghai)
      • Wugniu: 5kon
      • MiniDict: kon
      • Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): 2kon
      • Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /koŋ³⁴/

Rime
Character
Reading # 1/1
Initial () (28)
Final () (7)
Tone (調) Rising (X)
Openness (開合) Open
Division () III
Fanqie
Baxter kjowngX
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang
/kɨoŋX/
Pan
Wuyun
/kioŋX/
Shao
Rongfen
/kioŋX/
Edwin
Pulleyblank
/kuawŋX/
Li
Rong
/kioŋX/
Wang
Li
/kĭwoŋX/
Bernhard
Karlgren
/ki̯woŋX/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex
jiǒng
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex
gung2
BaxterSagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character
Reading # 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)
gǒng
Middle
Chinese
‹ kjowngX ›
Old
Chinese
/*k(r)oŋʔ/
English join the hands

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character
Reading # 1/1
No. 4172
Phonetic
component
Rime
group
Rime
subdivision
0
Corresponding
MC rime
Old
Chinese
/*kloŋʔ/

Definitions

  1. to fold the hands in front of the breast
  2. to bow; to salute
  3. to surround; to encircle
    眾星众星  ―  zhòngxīnggǒngyuè  ―  to crowd around
  4. (archaic) area enclosed by the arms
  5. to push upwards or outwards
  6. to sprout
  7. to arch
  8. arched

Synonyms

  • (to surround):

Compounds

  • 垂拱
  • 垂拱而治
  • 垂頭拱手 / 垂头拱手
  • 墓木已拱 (mùmùyǐgǒng)
  • 拱伏
  • 拱候
  • 拱券
  • 拱動 / 拱动
  • 拱北 (gǒngběi)
  • 拱嘴
  • 括囊拱手
  • 拱廊 (gǒngláng)
  • 拱手 (gǒngshǒu)
  • 拱手作揖
  • 拱手垂裳
  • 拱手投降
  • 拱手而別 / 拱手而别
  • 拱手而降
  • 拱手聽命 / 拱手听命
  • 拱手讓人 / 拱手让人 (gǒngshǒuràngrén)
  • 拱把
  • 拱抱
  • 拱揖
  • 拱服
  • 拱木
  • 拱極星 / 拱极星
  • 拱橋 / 拱桥 (gǒngqiáo)
  • 拱璧
  • 拱立
  • 拱肩縮背 / 拱肩缩背
  • 拱花
  • 拱衛 / 拱卫 (gǒngwèi)
  • 拱辰 (gǒngchén)
  • 拱進 / 拱进
  • 拱門 / 拱门 (gǒngmén)
  • 拱閣 / 拱阁
  • 拱頂 / 拱顶 (gǒngdǐng)
  • 拱默
  • 斗拱
  • 木拱
  • 枓拱
  • 洗耳拱聽 / 洗耳拱听
  • 深拱
  • 珍同拱璧
  • 眾星拱北 / 众星拱北
  • 眾星拱月 / 众星拱月 (zhòngxīnggǒngyuè)
  • 眾星拱辰 / 众星拱辰
  • 端拱
  • 舯拱
  • 葉拱 / 叶拱
  • 蔫拱
  • 連拱壩 / 连拱坝
  • 高拱
  • 鳴琴垂拱 / 鸣琴垂拱

References

  • 莆田市政协文化文史和学习委员会 [Culture, History and Learning Committee of Putian CPPCC], editor (2021), “”, in 莆仙方言大词典 [Comprehensive Dictionary of Puxian Dialect] (overall work in Mandarin and Puxian Min), Xiamen University Press, →ISBN, page 231.

Japanese

Kanji

(Hyōgai kanji)

  1. arch
  2. fold arms

Readings

  • Go-on: (ku)
  • Kan-on: きょう (kyō)
  • Kun: こまぬく (komanuku, 拱く)こまねく (komaneku, 拱く)

Korean

Hanja

• (gong) (hangeul , revised gong, McCune–Reischauer kong, Yale kong)

  1. fold hands on breast
  2. bow, salute

Vietnamese

Han character

: Hán Việt readings: củng[1][2][3][4], cũng[5]
: Nôm readings: cũng[1][2][3][4][5][6][7], cõng[2][3][4][5][6], cùng[1][2][3][7], cùm[7], cúng[7], ngỏng[7], ngõng[7]

  1. chữ Nôm form of cùm (fetters)
  2. chữ Nôm form of cúng ((religion, occult) to give offerings, to enshrine, to worship)
  3. chữ Nôm form of cùng (with; and; same)
  4. chữ Nôm form of cũng (also; too)
  5. chữ Nôm form of ngỏng ((usually of a body part) to stretch high and tall; to raise high)

References

  1. 1.0 1.1 1.2 Nguyễn et al. (2009).
  2. 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.3 Trần (2004).
  3. 3.0 3.1 3.2 3.3 Hồ (1976).
  4. 4.0 4.1 4.2 Génibrel (1898).
  5. 5.0 5.1 5.2 Bonet (1899).
  6. 6.0 6.1 Taberd & Pigneau de Béhaine (1838).
  7. 7.0 7.1 7.2 7.3 7.4 7.5 Nguyễn (2014).