懸想
Chinese
| hang; suspend | to think; to believe; to suppose to think; to believe; to suppose; to wish; to want; to miss | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| trad. (懸想) | 懸 | 想 | |
| simp. (悬想) | 悬 | 想 | |
Pronunciation
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Hanyu Pinyin: xuánxiǎng
- Zhuyin: ㄒㄩㄢˊ ㄒㄧㄤˇ
- Tongyong Pinyin: syuánsiǎng
- Wade–Giles: hsüan2-hsiang3
- Yale: sywán-syǎng
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: shyuansheang
- Palladius: сюаньсян (sjuanʹsjan)
- Sinological IPA (key): /ɕy̯ɛn³⁵ ɕi̯ɑŋ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/
- (Standard Chinese)+
Verb
懸想
- to be concerned about (especially someone's welfare)
- to guess; to conjecture
Synonyms
- (to be concerned about):
- 干掛 (Puxian Min)
- 心念 (Hokkien)
- 念 (niàn) (literary, or in compounds)
- 惦念 (diànniàn)
- 惦記 / 惦记 (diànjì)
- 懸 / 悬 (xuán) (literary, or in compounds)
- 懸念 / 悬念 (xuánniàn) (formal)
- 掛念 / 挂念 (guàniàn)
- 掛意 / 挂意 (guàyì)
- 掛記 / 挂记 (Nanchang Gan, Yudu Hakka)
- 數念 / 数念 (siàu-liām) (Hokkien)
- 牽掛 / 牵挂 (qiānguà)
- 牽記 / 牵记 (qiānjì)
- 眷懷 / 眷怀 (juànhuái) (literary)
- 眷注 (juànzhù) (literary)
- 眷顧 / 眷顾 (juàngù) (formal)
- 記掛 / 记挂 (jìguà) (dialectal)
- 顧念 / 顾念 (gùniàn)
- (to guess):
- 估計 / 估计 (gūjì)
- 估量
- 假定 (jiǎdìng)
- 假想 (jiǎxiǎng)
- 假設 / 假设 (jiǎshè)
- 商量 (shāngliàng) (Classical Chinese)
- 嫌 (xián) (literary, or in compounds)
- 忖度 (cǔnduó) (literary)
- 思裁 (sīcái) (literary)
- 想象 (xiǎngxiàng)
- 懸 / 悬 (xuán) (literary, or in compounds)
- 懷疑 / 怀疑 (huáiyí)
- 打估 (Southern Pinghua)
- 推想 (tuīxiǎng)
- 推測 / 推测 (tuīcè)
- 掠算 (Xiamen Hokkien, Zhangzhou Hokkien)
- 揣度 (formal)
- 擬 / 拟 (nǐ)
- 母量 (mu3 liong) (Gan)
- 派胚 (Hokkien)
- 測 / 测 (cè) (literary, or in compounds)
- 測估 / 测估 (cègū)
- 測度 / 测度 (cèduó)
- 測算 / 测算 (cèsuàn)
- 猜 (cāi)
- 猜度 (cāiduó)
- 猜想 (cāixiǎng)
- 猜摸 (cāimo)
- 猜料 (cāiliào)
- 猜測 / 猜测 (cāicè)
- 猜詳 / 猜详 (cāixiáng)
- 算 (suàn)
- 算計 / 算计 (suànjì)
- 約摸 / 约摸 (yuēmo)
- 臭疑 (Hokkien)
- 臭青疑 (Hokkien)
- 虛擬 / 虚拟 (xūnǐ)
- 要約 / 要约 (iau3 ieh4) (Jin)
- 設 / 设 (shè)
- 設想 / 设想 (shèxiǎng)
- 跋胚 (Zhangzhou Hokkien)
- 辦胚 / 办胚 (Zhangzhou Hokkien)
- 阿合 (Quanzhou Hokkien, Xiamen Hokkien)
- 青疑 (Hokkien)
- 預計 / 预计 (yùjì)
Japanese
| Kanji in this term | |
|---|---|
| 懸 | 想 |
| け Grade: S |
そう Grade: 3 |
| on'yomi | |
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): [ke̞so̞ː]
Noun
Verb
懸想する • (kesō suru) ←けさう (kesau)?suru (stem 懸想し (kesō shi), past 懸想した (kesō shita))
- to be attached, to fall in love
Conjugation
| Katsuyōkei ("stem forms") | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Mizenkei ("imperfective") | 懸想し | けそうし | kesō shi |
| Ren’yōkei ("continuative") | 懸想し | けそうし | kesō shi |
| Shūshikei ("terminal") | 懸想する | けそうする | kesō suru |
| Rentaikei ("attributive") | 懸想する | けそうする | kesō suru |
| Kateikei ("hypothetical") | 懸想すれ | けそうすれ | kesō sure |
| Meireikei ("imperative") | 懸想せよ¹ 懸想しろ² |
けそうせよ¹ けそうしろ² |
kesō seyo¹ kesō shiro² |
| Key constructions | |||
| Passive | 懸想される | けそうされる | kesō sareru |
| Causative | 懸想させる 懸想さす |
けそうさせる けそうさす |
kesō saseru kesō sasu |
| Potential | 懸想できる | けそうできる | kesō dekiru |
| Volitional | 懸想しよう | けそうしよう | kesō shiyō |
| Negative | 懸想しない | けそうしない | kesō shinai |
| Negative continuative | 懸想せず | けそうせず | kesō sezu |
| Formal | 懸想します | けそうします | kesō shimasu |
| Perfective | 懸想した | けそうした | kesō shita |
| Conjunctive | 懸想して | けそうして | kesō shite |
| Hypothetical conditional | 懸想すれば | けそうすれば | kesō sureba |
¹ Written imperative
² Spoken imperative
References
- “懸想”, in 漢字ぺディア [Kanjipedia][1] (in Japanese), The Japan Kanji Aptitude Testing Foundation, 2015–2026