憤怒

See also: 愤怒

Chinese

	indignant; anger; resentment	indignant
trad. (憤怒)	憤	怒
simp. (愤怒)	愤	怒
alternative forms	忿怒
anagram	怒憤／怒愤

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): fènnù

(Zhuyin): ㄈㄣˋ ㄋㄨˋ
Cantonese (Jyutping): fan⁵ nou⁶
Hakka (Sixian, PFS): fun-nu
Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): hūn-nō͘ / hùn-nō͘ / hún-nō͘ / hùn-lō͘

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)
  - Hanyu Pinyin: fènnù
  - Zhuyin: ㄈㄣˋ ㄋㄨˋ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: fènnù
  - Wade–Giles: fên⁴-nu⁴
  - Yale: fèn-nù
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: fennnuh
  - Palladius: фэньну (fɛnʹnu)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /fən⁵¹⁻⁵³ nu⁵¹/
  - Homophones:
    ^edit
    ^edit
    奮怒 / 奋怒
    忿怒
    憤怒 / 愤怒
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
  - Jyutping: fan⁵ nou⁶
  - Yale: fáhn nouh
  - Cantonese Pinyin: fan⁵ nou⁶
  - Guangdong Romanization: fen⁵ nou⁶
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /fɐn¹³ nou̯²²/
  - Homophones:
    ^edit
    ^edit
    奮怒 / 奋怒
    憤怒 / 愤怒
Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: fun-nu
  - Hakka Romanization System: fun nu
  - Hagfa Pinyim: fun⁴ nu⁴
  - Sinological IPA: /fun⁵⁵ nu⁵⁵/
Southern Min
- (Hokkien: Xiamen)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: hūn-nō͘
  - Tâi-lô: hūn-nōo
  - Phofsit Daibuun: huxnno
  - Sinological IPA (Xiamen): /hun²²⁻²¹ nɔ̃²²/
- (Hokkien: Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: hùn-nō͘
  - Tâi-lô: hùn-nōo
  - Phofsit Daibuun: huonno
  - Sinological IPA (Taipei): /hun¹¹⁻⁵³ nɔ̃³³/
  - Sinological IPA (Kaohsiung): /hun²¹⁻⁴¹ nɔ̃³³/
  - Sinological IPA (Zhangzhou): /hun²¹⁻⁵³ nɔ̃²²/
  - Sinological IPA (Quanzhou): /hun⁴¹⁻⁵⁵⁴ nɔ̃⁴¹/
- (Hokkien: Zhangzhou)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: hún-nō͘
  - Tâi-lô: hún-nōo
  - Phofsit Daibuun: hwnno
  - Sinological IPA (Zhangzhou): /hun⁵³⁻⁴⁴ nɔ̃²²/
- (Hokkien: variant in Taiwan)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: hùn-lō͘
  - Tâi-lô: hùn-lōo
  - Phofsit Daibuun: huonlo
  - Sinological IPA (Taipei): /hun¹¹⁻⁵³ lɔ³³/
  - Sinological IPA (Kaohsiung): /hun²¹⁻⁴¹ lɔ³³/

Adjective

憤怒

indignant; angry

Synonyms

edit

不平 (bùpíng)
不滿 / 不满 (bùmǎn)
受氣 / 受气 (siū-khì) (Hokkien, Teochew)
嬲 (Cantonese)
嬲爆爆 (nau¹ baau³ baau³) (Cantonese)
怒 (nù) (literary, or in compounds)
怒憤 / 怒愤 (nùfèn) (literary)
悻悻 (xìngxìng) (literary)
悻然 (xìngrán) (literary)
憤慨 / 愤慨 (fènkǎi)
憤懣 / 愤懑 (fènmèn)
氣呼呼 / 气呼呼 (qìhūhū)
氣奪奪 / 气夺夺 (Hokkien)
氣怫怫 / 气怫怫 (Hokkien)
氣憤 / 气愤 (qìfèn)
氣掣掣 / 气掣掣 (Hokkien)
氣沖沖 / 气冲冲 (qìchōngchōng)
激心 (Taiwanese Hokkien)
火大 (huǒdà)
生氣 / 生气 (shēngqì)

Derived terms

憤怒青年 / 愤怒青年 (fènnù qīngnián)

Japanese

Etymology 1

Kanji in this term
憤	怒
ふん Grade: S	ど Grade: S
on'yomi

Alternative spelling
忿怒

Pronunciation

(Tokyo) ふんど [fúꜜǹdò] (Atamadaka – [1])
IPA^(key): [ɸɯ̟̃ndo̞]

Noun

憤(ふん)怒(ど) • (fundo)

indignation, rage

Verb

憤(ふん)怒(ど)する • (fundo suru) suru (stem 憤(ふん)怒(ど)し (fundo shi), past 憤(ふん)怒(ど)した (fundo shita))

to feel indignation

Conjugation

Conjugation of "憤怒する" (See Appendix:Japanese verbs)
Katsuyōkei ("stem forms")
Mizenkei ("imperfective")	憤怒し	ふんどし	fundo shi
Ren’yōkei ("continuative")	憤怒し	ふんどし	fundo shi
Shūshikei ("terminal")	憤怒する	ふんどする	fundo suru
Rentaikei ("attributive")	憤怒する	ふんどする	fundo suru
Kateikei ("hypothetical")	憤怒すれ	ふんどすれ	fundo sure
Meireikei ("imperative")	憤怒せよ¹ 憤怒しろ²	ふんどせよ¹ ふんどしろ²	fundo seyo¹ fundo shiro²
Key constructions
Passive	憤怒される	ふんどされる	fundo sareru
Causative	憤怒させる憤怒さす	ふんどさせるふんどさす	fundo saseru fundo sasu
Potential	憤怒できる	ふんどできる	fundo dekiru
Volitional	憤怒しよう	ふんどしよう	fundo shiyō
Negative	憤怒しない	ふんどしない	fundo shinai
Negative continuative	憤怒せず	ふんどせず	fundo sezu
Formal	憤怒します	ふんどします	fundo shimasu
Perfective	憤怒した	ふんどした	fundo shita
Conjunctive	憤怒して	ふんどして	fundo shite
Hypothetical conditional	憤怒すれば	ふんどすれば	fundo sureba

¹ Written imperative
² Spoken imperative

Etymology 2

Kanji in this term
憤	怒
ふん Grade: S	ぬ Grade: S
on'yomi

Alternative spelling
忿怒

Pronunciation

(Tokyo) ふんぬ [fúꜜǹnù] (Atamadaka – [1])
IPA^(key): [ɸɯ̟̃nːɯ̟]

Noun

憤(ふん)怒(ぬ) • (funnu)

indignation

Verb

憤(ふん)怒(ぬ)する • (funnu suru) suru (stem 憤(ふん)怒(ぬ)し (funnu shi), past 憤(ふん)怒(ぬ)した (funnu shita))

to feel indignation

Conjugation

Conjugation of "憤怒する" (See Appendix:Japanese verbs)
Katsuyōkei ("stem forms")
Mizenkei ("imperfective")	憤怒し	ふんぬし	funnu shi
Ren’yōkei ("continuative")	憤怒し	ふんぬし	funnu shi
Shūshikei ("terminal")	憤怒する	ふんぬする	funnu suru
Rentaikei ("attributive")	憤怒する	ふんぬする	funnu suru
Kateikei ("hypothetical")	憤怒すれ	ふんぬすれ	funnu sure
Meireikei ("imperative")	憤怒せよ¹ 憤怒しろ²	ふんぬせよ¹ ふんぬしろ²	funnu seyo¹ funnu shiro²
Key constructions
Passive	憤怒される	ふんぬされる	funnu sareru
Causative	憤怒させる憤怒さす	ふんぬさせるふんぬさす	funnu saseru funnu sasu
Potential	憤怒できる	ふんぬできる	funnu dekiru
Volitional	憤怒しよう	ふんぬしよう	funnu shiyō
Negative	憤怒しない	ふんぬしない	funnu shinai
Negative continuative	憤怒せず	ふんぬせず	funnu sezu
Formal	憤怒します	ふんぬします	funnu shimasu
Perfective	憤怒した	ふんぬした	funnu shita
Conjunctive	憤怒して	ふんぬして	funnu shite
Hypothetical conditional	憤怒すれば	ふんぬすれば	funnu sureba

¹ Written imperative
² Spoken imperative

References

“憤^△怒”, in 漢字ぺディア [Kanjipedia]‎^[1] (in Japanese), The Japan Kanji Aptitude Testing Foundation, 2015–2026

Korean

Hanja in this term
憤	怒

Noun

憤怒 • (bunno) (hangeul 분노)

hanja form^? of 분노 (“indignation”)