堁

堁	U+5801, 堁 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-5801

← 堀
[U+5800]

CJK Unified Ideographs

堂 →
[U+5802]

Translingual

Han character

堁 (Kangxi radical 32, 土+8, 11 strokes, cangjie input 土田木 (GWD), four-corner 4619₄, composition ⿰土果)

References

Kangxi Dictionary: page 231, character 22
Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 5206
Dae Jaweon: page 469, character 1
Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 453, character 2
Unihan data for U+5801

Chinese

simp. and trad.		堁

Glyph origin

Characters in the same phonetic series (果) (Zhengzhang, 2003)

	Old Chinese
裸	*ɡ·roːlʔ
躶	*ɡ·roːlʔ
果	*kloːlʔ
菓	*kloːlʔ
猓	*kloːlʔ
輠	kloːlʔ, ɡloːlʔ, ɡroːlʔ, kʰluːls
裹	kloːlʔ, kloːls
蜾	*kloːlʔ
惈	*kloːlʔ
粿	*kloːlʔ
窠	*kʰloːl
稞	kʰloːl, ɡroːlʔ
課	kʰloːl, kʰloːls
髁	kʰloːl, kʰloːls, *kʰroːlʔ
棵	kʰloːl, kʰloːnʔ, *ɡloːnʔ
顆	*kʰloːlʔ
堁	kʰloːlʔ, kʰloːls, *kloːns
敤	kʰloːlʔ, kʰloːls
夥	qʰloːlʔ, ɡloːlʔ, *ɡroːlʔ
婐	qloːlʔ, kroːl
踝	*ɡroːlʔ
祼	*ɡluːlʔ

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): kè (ke⁴)

(Zhuyin): ㄎㄜˋ
Cantonese (Jyutping): fo³

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: kè
  - Zhuyin: ㄎㄜˋ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: kè
  - Wade–Giles: kʻo⁴
  - Yale: kè
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: keh
  - Palladius: кэ (kɛ)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /kʰɤ⁵¹/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
  - Jyutping: fo³
  - Yale: fo
  - Cantonese Pinyin: fo³
  - Guangdong Romanization: fo³
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /fɔː³³/

Middle Chinese: khwaX, khwojH, khwaH

Rime
Character	堁	堁	堁
Reading #	1/3	2/3	3/3
Initial (聲)	溪 (29)	溪 (29)	溪 (29)
Final (韻)	戈 (95)	灰 (42)	戈 (95)
Tone (調)	Rising (X)	Departing (H)	Departing (H)
Openness (開合)	Closed	Closed	Closed
Division (等)	I	I	I
Fanqie	苦果切	苦對切	苦卧切
Baxter	khwaX	khwojH	khwaH
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/kʰuɑ^X/	/kʰuʌi^H/	/kʰuɑ^H/
Pan Wuyun	/kʰuɑ^X/	/kʰuoi^H/	/kʰuɑ^H/
Shao Rongfen	/kʰuɑ^X/	/kʰuɒi^H/	/kʰuɑ^H/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/kʰwa^X/	/kʰwəj^H/	/kʰwa^H/
Li Rong	/kʰuɑ^X/	/kʰuᴀi^H/	/kʰuɑ^H/
Wang Li	/kʰuɑ^X/	/kʰuɒi^H/	/kʰuɑ^H/
Bernhard Karlgren	/kʰuɑ^X/	/kʰuɑ̆i^H/	/kʰuɑ^H/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	kuǒ	kuì	kuò
Expected Cantonese Reflex	fo²	fui³	fo³

Old Chinese
(Zhengzhang): /*kʰloːlʔ/, /*kʰloːls/, /*kloːns/

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	堁	堁	堁
Reading #	1/3	2/3	3/3
No.	4782	4785	4800
Phonetic component	果	果	果
Rime group	歌	歌	微
Rime subdivision	3	3	2
Corresponding MC rime	顆		塊
Old Chinese	/*kʰloːlʔ/	/*kʰloːls/	/*kloːns/
Notes	見宋玉賦	見宋玉賦	見宋玉賦

Definitions

堁

(literary) dust

Compounds

埵堁
堀堁
晞堁
蟹堁

Japanese

Kanji

堁

(Hyōgai kanji)

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Readings

On (unclassified): か (ka)、かい (kai)、け (ke)、わ (wa)
Kun: おか (oka)、ちり (chiri)、あじか (ajika)