圭

See also: 丰
圭 U+572D, 圭
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-572D
← 圬
[U+572C] 		CJK Unified Ideographs 圮 →
[U+572E]

Translingual

Stroke order

Han character

圭 (Kangxi radical 32, 土+3, 6 strokes, cangjie input 土土 (GG), four-corner 40104, composition ⿱土土)

Derived characters

Additional Derived Characters
  • 𰆻, 𡋣, 𤞇, 𱀋, 𱢹, 𥙞, 𮄭, 𦈰, 𦓯, 𫗼, 𡐠, 𩰳, 𬫀, 𪖢, 𪗹
  • 𦋅, 𭅶, 𡊋, 𠜤, 𫻮, 𡌤, 𰞊, 𫭳, 𤬿, 𡌲, 𦐰, 𧠹, 𪚝
  • 𠈘, 𡧩, 𡷅, 𣥮, 𣄱, 𭁹, 𦊱, 𭑝, 𡐲, 𰲀, 𫼋, 𱡶, 𪊧, 𥒐, 𣫴, 𦥂, 𪓤
  • 𣔫, 𤏎, 𤒋, 𨅆, 𩜩, 𪒖, 𡭈, 𢻘, 𢍠, 𣔘, 𪙓, 𥩄, 𰆣, 𰆢, 𠪤, 𮤝, 𮤢, 𡸔, 𡒑, 𤎇, 𨬇, 𡈞, 𧛲, 𱨢

References

  • Kangxi Dictionary: page 224, character 2
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 4887
  • Dae Jaweon: page 456, character 5
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 418, character 5
  • Unihan data for U+572D

Chinese

simp. and trad.
 圭

Glyph origin

Characters in the same phonetic series (圭) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
街 *kreː, *kreː
鞋 *ɡreː, *ɡreː, *ɡreː
娾 *ŋreː, *ŋreːʔ
佳 *kreː
鮭 *ɡreː, *kʷeː, *kʰʷeː
涯 *ŋreː, *ŋre
崖 *ŋreː, *ŋre
啀 *ŋreː
厓 *ŋreː
捱 *ŋreː
睚 *ŋreːs
娃 *qreː
洼 *qreː, *qʷraː, *kʷeː
哇 *qreː, *qʷraː
胿 *ɡeː, *kʷeː
溎 *qeːns
觟 *ɡʷraːʔ
黊 *ɡʷraːʔ, *ɡʷreːs, *ɡʷeː
蘳 *ɡʷraːʔ, *qʰʷe
蛙 *qʷraː, *qʷreː
窪 *qʷraː
卦 *kʷreːs
挂 *kʷreːs
掛 *kʷreːs
詿 *kʷreːs, *ɡʷreːs
罣 *kʷreːs, *ɡʷreːs, *kʷeːs
絓 *kʰʷreː, *ɡʷreːs
鼃 *ɢʷreː, *qʷreː
圭 *kʷeː
珪 *kʷeː
邽 *kʷeː
閨 *kʷeː
袿 *kʷeː
窐 *kʷeː, *ɡʷeː
茥 *kʷeː, *kʰʷeː
桂 *kʷeːs
筀 *kʷeːs
奎 *kʰʷeː
刲 *kʰʷeː
蝰 *kʰʷeː
楏 *kʰʷeː
睳 *qʰʷeː
畦 *ɡʷeː
眭 *ɡʷeː, *sqʰʷe, *qʰʷe, *qʰʷi
烓 *qʷeː, *kʰʷeːŋʔ
跬 *kʰʷeʔ
恚 *qʷes
硅 *qʰʷreɡ

Pictogram (象形): 士 + 士 – two ritual axes, perhaps made of jade, one on top of the other. Duplication of 士. Stylized into but unrelated to 土; according to folk etymologies, it's a reduplication of the character 土.

Pronunciation

Rime
Character 圭
Reading # 1/1
Initial (聲) 見 (28)
Final (韻) 齊 (40)
Tone (調) Level (Ø)
Openness (開合) Closed
Division (等) IV
Fanqie 古攜切
Baxter kwej
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang 		/kwei/
Pan
Wuyun 		/kʷei/
Shao
Rongfen 		/kuɛi/
Edwin
Pulleyblank 		/kwɛj/
Li
Rong 		/kuei/
Wang
Li 		/kiwei/
Bernhard
Karlgren 		/kiwei/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex 		guī
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex 		gwai1
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 圭
Reading # 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin) 		guī
Middle
Chinese 		‹ kwej ›
Old
Chinese 		/*[k]ʷˁe/
English jade scepter

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 圭
Reading # 1/1
No. 4569
Phonetic
component 		圭
Rime
group 		支
Rime
subdivision 		0
Corresponding
MC rime 		圭
Old
Chinese 		/*kʷeː/

Definitions

圭

  1. jade pointed at top
  2. (historical) jade tablet used by officials when addressing the emperor in court
    See also: 珪
  3. (historical) gui (type of ancient Chinese sundial)
  4. a surname

Compounds

References

Japanese

Kanji

圭

(Jinmeiyō kanji)

  1. square jewel
  2. corner
  3. angle
  4. edge

Readings

  • Go-on: け (ke)←け (ke, historical)←くゑ (kwe, ancient)
  • Kan-on: けい (kei)←けい (kei, historical)←くゑい (kwei, ancient)
  • Kun: かど (kado, 圭)、はしは (hashiha, 圭)
  • Nanori: か (ka)、かど (kado)、きよ (kiyo)、きよし (kiyoshi)、たま (tama)、ます (masu)、よし (yoshi)

Compounds

  • 圭(けい)角(かく) (keikaku)
  • 圭(けい)冠(かん) (keikan)
  • 圭(けい)臬(げつ) (keigetsu)
  • 圭(けい)撮(さつ) (keisatsu)
  • 圭(けい)算(さん) (keisan) (卦(けい)算(さん))
  • 圭(けい)瓚(さん) (keisan)
  • 圭(けい)勺(しゃく) (keishaku)
  • 圭(けい)璋(しょう) (keishō) (珪(けい)璋(しょう))
  • 圭(けい)田(でん) (keiden)
  • 圭(けい)復(ふく) (keifuku)
  • 圭(けい)窬(ゆ) (keiyu)
  • 琬(えん)圭(けい) (enkei)
  • 玉(ぎょく)圭(けい) (gyokukei)
  • 瑱(ちん)圭(けい), 鎮(ちん)圭(けい) (chinkei)
  • 刀(とう)圭(けい) (tōkei)
  • 土(ど)圭(けい) (dokei)
  • 白(はっ)圭(けい) (hakkei) (白(はっ)珪(けい))

Etymology 1

Proper noun

圭(けい) • (Kei) 

  1. a unisex given name

Etymology 2

From removing strokes from 桂 (kei, “knight”).

Workaround to represent the reverse side of a knight, originally a cursive form of 金 (kin, “gold”), on digital systems.

For pronunciation and definitions of 圭 – see the following entry.
【成桂なりけい】
[noun] (shogi) a promoted cassia horse, with movement the same as a 金将 (kinshō, “gold general”)
(This term, 圭, is an alternative spelling of the above term.)

References

Korean

Hanja

圭 (eum 규 (gyu))

  1. jade pointed at top

Vietnamese

Han character

圭: Hán Việt readings: khuê[1][2][3][4], quê[5][6]
圭: Nôm readings: quê[1][2][3][4][5][6][7], que[3][4][5], khoai[3][4], khỏe/khoẻ[1], quề[6]

  1. chữ Nôm form of khoẻ (“strong; healthy”)
  2. chữ Nôm form of quê (“countryside; hometown; birthplace”)

References

  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 Nguyễn (2014).
  2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 Nguyễn et al. (2009).
  3. ↑ 3.0 3.1 3.2 3.3 Trần (2004).
  4. ↑ 4.0 4.1 4.2 4.3 Hồ (1976).
  5. ↑ 5.0 5.1 5.2 Bonet (1899).
  6. ↑ 6.0 6.1 6.2 Génibrel (1898).
  7. ^ Taberd & Pigneau de Béhaine (1838).
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