鮭
See also: 鲑
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Translingual
Han character
鮭 (Kangxi radical 195, 魚+6, 17 strokes, cangjie input 弓火土土 (NFGG), four-corner 24314, composition ⿰魚圭)
Derived characters
- 𫊒
References
- Kangxi Dictionary: page 1470, character 5
- Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 46132
- Dae Jaweon: page 2002, character 24
- Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 7, page 4684, character 10
- Unihan data for U+9BAD
Chinese
| trad. | 鮭 | |
|---|---|---|
| simp. | 鲑 | |
Glyph origin
Characters in the same phonetic series (圭) (Zhengzhang, 2003)
| Old Chinese | |
|---|---|
| 街 | *kreː, *kreː |
| 鞋 | *ɡreː, *ɡreː, *ɡreː |
| 娾 | *ŋreː, *ŋreːʔ |
| 佳 | *kreː |
| 鮭 | *ɡreː, *kʷeː, *kʰʷeː |
| 涯 | *ŋreː, *ŋre |
| 崖 | *ŋreː, *ŋre |
| 啀 | *ŋreː |
| 厓 | *ŋreː |
| 捱 | *ŋreː |
| 睚 | *ŋreːs |
| 娃 | *qreː |
| 洼 | *qreː, *qʷraː, *kʷeː |
| 哇 | *qreː, *qʷraː |
| 胿 | *ɡeː, *kʷeː |
| 溎 | *qeːns |
| 觟 | *ɡʷraːʔ |
| 黊 | *ɡʷraːʔ, *ɡʷreːs, *ɡʷeː |
| 蘳 | *ɡʷraːʔ, *qʰʷe |
| 蛙 | *qʷraː, *qʷreː |
| 窪 | *qʷraː |
| 卦 | *kʷreːs |
| 挂 | *kʷreːs |
| 掛 | *kʷreːs |
| 詿 | *kʷreːs, *ɡʷreːs |
| 罣 | *kʷreːs, *ɡʷreːs, *kʷeːs |
| 絓 | *kʰʷreː, *ɡʷreːs |
| 鼃 | *ɢʷreː, *qʷreː |
| 圭 | *kʷeː |
| 珪 | *kʷeː |
| 邽 | *kʷeː |
| 閨 | *kʷeː |
| 袿 | *kʷeː |
| 窐 | *kʷeː, *ɡʷeː |
| 茥 | *kʷeː, *kʰʷeː |
| 桂 | *kʷeːs |
| 筀 | *kʷeːs |
| 奎 | *kʰʷeː |
| 刲 | *kʰʷeː |
| 蝰 | *kʰʷeː |
| 楏 | *kʰʷeː |
| 睳 | *qʰʷeː |
| 畦 | *ɡʷeː |
| 眭 | *ɡʷeː, *sqʰʷe, *qʰʷe, *qʰʷi |
| 烓 | *qʷeː, *kʰʷeːŋʔ |
| 跬 | *kʰʷeʔ |
| 恚 | *qʷes |
| 硅 | *qʰʷreɡ |
Pronunciation 1
- Mandarin
- Cantonese (Jyutping): gwai1
- Puxian Min (Pouseng Ping'ing): ge2
- Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): kôe / kê / kêre / hâi
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Hanyu Pinyin: guī
- Zhuyin: ㄍㄨㄟ
- Tongyong Pinyin: guei
- Wade–Giles: kuei1
- Yale: gwēi
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: guei
- Palladius: гуй (guj)
- Sinological IPA (key): /ku̯eɪ̯⁵⁵/
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Jyutping: gwai1
- Yale: gwāi
- Cantonese Pinyin: gwai1
- Guangdong Romanization: guei1
- Sinological IPA (key): /kʷɐi̯⁵⁵/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Puxian Min
- (Putian)
- Pouseng Ping'ing: ge2
- Báⁿ-uā-ci̍: gá̤
- Sinological IPA (key): /ke¹³/
- (Xianyou)
- Pouseng Ping'ing: ge2
- Sinological IPA (key): /ke²⁴/
- (Putian)
- Southern Min
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, General Taiwanese)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: kôe
- Tâi-lô: kuê
- Phofsit Daibuun: koee
- Sinological IPA (Xiamen, Quanzhou, Taipei): /kue²⁴/
- Sinological IPA (Kaohsiung): /kue²³/
- (Hokkien: Zhangzhou, Zhangzhou-like accent in Taiwan)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: kê
- Tâi-lô: kê
- Phofsit Daibuun: kee
- Sinological IPA (Zhangzhou): /ke¹³/
- (Hokkien: Quanzhou-like accent in Taiwan)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: kêre
- Tâi-lô: kerê
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: hâi
- Tâi-lô: hâi
- Phofsit Daibuun: haai
- Sinological IPA (Zhangzhou): /hai¹³/
- Sinological IPA (Xiamen, Quanzhou, Taipei): /hai²⁴/
- Sinological IPA (Kaohsiung): /hai²³/
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, General Taiwanese)
Note:
- kôe/kê/kêre - vernacular;
- hâi - literary.
- Middle Chinese: kwej
- Old Chinese
- (Zhengzhang): /*kʷeː/
Definitions
鮭
Synonyms
Dialectal synonyms of 鮭魚 (“salmon”) [map]
| Variety | Location | Words |
|---|---|---|
| Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | 鮭, 鮭魚 | |
| Taxonomic name | 鮭 | |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Taiwan | 鮭魚 |
| Malaysia | 三文魚 | |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong | 三文魚 |
| Hakka | Huizhou (Huicheng; Bendihua) | 三文魚 |
| Southern Min | Taipei (Wanhua) | 紅鰱魚 |
| Kaohsiung | 紅鰱魚 | |
| Yilan | 鮭魚 | |
| Changhua (Lukang) | 紅鰱魚 | |
| Taichung | 鮭魚 | |
| Taichung (Wuqi) | 鮭魚 | |
| Tainan | 紅鰱魚, 三文魚 | |
| Tainan (Anping) | 紅鰱魚 | |
| Taitung | 紅鰱魚 | |
| Hsinchu | 鮭魚 | |
| Penghu (Magong) | 紅鰱魚 | |
| Penang (Hokkien) | 三文魚 | |
| Manila (Hokkien) | 三文魚, 鮭魚 | |
| Zhongshan Min | Zhongshan (Longdu, Shaxi) | 三文魚 |
| Wu | Shanghai | 三文魚 |
Compounds
Pronunciation 2
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Hanyu Pinyin: xié
- Zhuyin: ㄒㄧㄝˊ
- Tongyong Pinyin: sié
- Wade–Giles: hsieh2
- Yale: syé
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: shye
- Palladius: се (se)
- Sinological IPA (key): /ɕi̯ɛ³⁵/
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Middle Chinese: hea
- Old Chinese
- (Zhengzhang): /*ɡreː/
Definitions
鮭
Pronunciation 3
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Hanyu Pinyin: kuí
- Zhuyin: ㄎㄨㄟˊ
- Tongyong Pinyin: kuéi
- Wade–Giles: kʻuei2
- Yale: kwéi
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: kwei
- Palladius: куй (kuj)
- Sinological IPA (key): /kʰu̯eɪ̯³⁵/
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Middle Chinese: khwej
- Old Chinese
- (Zhengzhang): /*kʰʷeː/
Definitions
鮭
- only used in 鮭陽／鲑阳
Pronunciation 4
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Hanyu Pinyin: wā
- Zhuyin: ㄨㄚ
- Tongyong Pinyin: wa
- Wade–Giles: wa1
- Yale: wā
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: ua
- Palladius: ва (va)
- Sinological IPA (key): /wä⁵⁵/
- (Standard Chinese)+
Definitions
鮭
- only used in 鮭蠪／鲑𰲴
Pronunciation 5
| For pronunciation and definitions of 鮭 – see 觟. (This character is a variant form of 觟). |
References
- 莆田市政协文化文史和学习委员会 [Culture, History and Learning Committee of Putian CPPCC], editor (2021), “鲑”, in 莆仙方言大词典 [Comprehensive Dictionary of Puxian Dialect] (overall work in Mandarin and Puxian Min), Xiamen University Press, →ISBN, page 201.
Japanese
Kanji
鮭
Readings
- Go-on: け (ke)←け (ke, historical)←くゑ (kwe, ancient)、げ (ge)
- Kan-on: かい (kai)、けい (kei)←けい (kei, historical)←くゑい (kwei, ancient)
- Kun: さけ (sake, 鮭)、しゃけ (shake, 鮭)←しやけ (syake, 鮭, historical)、ふぐ (fugu, 鮭)
Compounds
Etymology 1
| Kanji in this term |
|---|
| 鮭 |
| さけ Hyōgai |
| kun'yomi |
| Alternative spelling |
|---|
| 鮏 |
Originally borrowed from Ainu サㇰイベ (sak ibe, “salmon”, literally “summer + eat”, in reference to how the fish would be caught and eaten in the summer),[1] or possible alternative unattested compound *サㇰエㇷ゚ (sak ep, literally “summer + food”).[2]
Pronunciation
Noun
鮭 • (sake)
- chum salmon, Oncorhynchus keta
- Synonym: 白鮭 (shiro-zake)
- salmon
Usage notes
As with many terms that name organisms, this term is often spelled in katakana, especially in biological contexts (where katakana is customary), as サケ (sake).
Derived terms
- 鮭とば (saketoba)
- 入れ子鮭 (irekozake), 内子鮭 (irekozake)
- 乾鮭 (karazake)
- 銀鮭 (ginzake)
- 子籠もり鮭 (kogomorizake)
- 塩鮭 (shiozake)
- 白鮭 (shirozake)
- 大西洋鮭 (taiseiyōsake, “Atlantic salmon”)
- 時鮭 (tokizake)
- 生鮭 (namazake)
- 紅鮭 (benizake)
Etymology 2
| Kanji in this term |
|---|
| 鮭 |
| しゃけ Hyōgai |
| kun'yomi |
| Alternative spelling |
|---|
| 鮏 |
Probably a sound shift from the sake reading, possibly to help differentiate from 酒 (sake, “alcoholic beverage”). Alternatively, might be a borrowing from a different dialect of Ainu.
Pronunciation
Noun
Usage notes
As with many terms that name organisms, this term is often spelled in katakana, especially in biological contexts (where katakana is customary), as シャケ (shake).
Derived terms
- 塩鮭 (shiojake)
References
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 “さけ 【鮭・鮏】”, in 日本国語大辞典 [Nihon Kokugo Daijiten][1] (in Japanese), 2nd edition, Tokyo: Shogakukan, 2000-2002, released online 2007, →ISBN, concise edition entry available here
- ^ 2005, 日本語源大辞典 (Nihon Gogen Daijiten) (in Japanese), →ISBN, quoted in this 2005 blog post
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
- ↑ 4.0 4.1 NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tokyo: NHK Publishing, Inc., →ISBN
- ^ Kindaichi, Kyōsuke et al., editors (1997), 新明解国語辞典 [Shin Meikai Kokugo Jiten] (in Japanese), Fifth edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
- “▲鮭”, in 漢字ぺディア [Kanjipedia][2] (in Japanese), The Japan Kanji Aptitude Testing Foundation, 2015–2026
Korean
Hanja
鮭 • (hae) (hangeul 해, revised hae, McCune–Reischauer hae, Yale hay)
- This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text
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Vietnamese
Han character
鮭: Hán Nôm readings: khuê, khoai
- This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text
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