合作

Chinese

Pronunciation

Etymology 1

to close; to gather; to join
to close; to gather; to join; to fit; all; together
 
to regard as; to take (someone) for; to do
to regard as; to take (someone) for; to do; to make
 
simp. and trad.
(合作) 		合 作
anagram 作合

Verb

合作

  1. to cooperate; to collaborate; to work together
    加強合作／加强合作  ―  jiāqiáng hézuò  ―  to strengthen cooperation
    合作機制／合作机制  ―  hézuò jīzhì  ―  cooperative mechanism
    合作協議／合作协议  ―  hézuò xiéyì  ―  cooperation agreement
    司法合作  ―  sīfǎ hézuò  ―  judicial cooperation
    點對點合作／点对点合作  ―  diǎnduìdiǎn hézuò  ―  peer-to-peer cooperation
    中外合作  ―  zhōngwài hézuò  ―  Sino-foreign cooperation
    促進地區間的合作 [MSC, trad.]
    促进地区间的合作 [MSC, simp.]
    cùjìn dìqū jiān de hézuò [Pinyin]
    to promote regional cooperation
    洽商合作事宜  ―  qiàshāng hézuò shìyí  ―  to discuss matters relating to cooperation
    謝謝您的合作。／谢谢您的合作。  ―  Xièxie nín de hézuò.  ―  Thanks for your cooperation.
    市政府與公司簽署了合作框架協議。 [MSC, trad.]
    市政府与公司签署了合作框架协议。 [MSC, simp.]
    Shìzhèngfǔ yǔ gōngsī qiānshǔ le hézuò kuàngjià xiéyì. [Pinyin]
    The city government has signed a cooperative framework agreement with the company.
Synonyms
Derived terms

Adjective

合作

  1. cooperative

Proper noun

合作

  1. (～鎮) Hezuo Town (a town in Qidong, Jiangsu, China)

Etymology 2

phonetic
simp. and trad.
(合作) 		合 作
anagram 作合

Phono-semantic matching of Tibetan གཙོས (gtsos). Replaced 黑錯／黑错, the previous transliteration of the same Tibetan name, in 1956.

Proper noun

合作

  1. (～市) Hezuo (a county-level city of Gannan prefecture, Gansu, China)

Japanese

Kanji in this term
合 作
がっ
Grade: 2 		さく
Grade: 2
on'yomi

Pronunciation

  • (Tokyo) がっさく [gàssákú] (Heiban – [0])
  • IPA(key): [ɡa̠sːa̠kɯ̟]

Noun

合(がっ)作(さく) • (gassaku) 

  1. collaboration, producing something together

Verb

合(がっ)作(さく)する • (gassaku suru) suru (stem 合(がっ)作(さく)し (gassaku shi), past 合(がっ)作(さく)した (gassaku shita))

  1. to collaborate

Conjugation

Conjugation of "合作する" (See Appendix:Japanese verbs)
Katsuyōkei ("stem forms")
Mizenkei ("imperfective") 合作し がっさくし gassaku shi
Ren’yōkei ("continuative") 合作し がっさくし gassaku shi
Shūshikei ("terminal") 合作する がっさくする gassaku suru
Rentaikei ("attributive") 合作する がっさくする gassaku suru
Kateikei ("hypothetical") 合作すれ がっさくすれ gassaku sure
Meireikei ("imperative") 合作せよ¹
合作しろ² 		がっさくせよ¹
がっさくしろ² 		gassaku seyo¹
gassaku shiro²
Key constructions
Passive 合作される がっさくされる gassaku sareru
Causative 合作させる
合作さす 		がっさくさせる
がっさくさす 		gassaku saseru
gassaku sasu
Potential 合作できる がっさくできる gassaku dekiru
Volitional 合作しよう がっさくしよう gassaku shiyō
Negative 合作しない がっさくしない gassaku shinai
Negative continuative 合作せず がっさくせず gassaku sezu
Formal 合作します がっさくします gassaku shimasu
Perfective 合作した がっさくした gassaku shita
Conjunctive 合作して がっさくして gassaku shite
Hypothetical conditional 合作すれば がっさくすれば gassaku sureba

¹ Written imperative
² Spoken imperative

References

Korean

Hanja in this term
合作

Noun

合作 • (hapjak) (hangeul 합작)

  1. hanja form? of 합작 (“collaboration”)

Vietnamese

chữ Hán Nôm in this term
合作

Verb

合作

  1. chữ Hán form of hợp tác (“to cooperate; to collaborate”)
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