制裁
See also: 製裁
Chinese
Etymology 1
system; to make; to manufacture system; to make; to manufacture; to control; to regulate |
cut out (as a dress); cut; trim cut out (as a dress); cut; trim; reduce; diminish; decision; judgement | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| simp. and trad. (制裁) |
制 | 裁 | |
| anagram | 裁制 | ||
Pronunciation
- Mandarin
- Cantonese (Jyutping): zai3 coi4
- Southern Min
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)
- Hanyu Pinyin: zhìcái
- Zhuyin: ㄓˋ ㄘㄞˊ
- Tongyong Pinyin: jhìhcái
- Wade–Giles: chih4-tsʻai2
- Yale: jr̀-tsái
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: jyhtsair
- Palladius: чжицай (čžicaj)
- Sinological IPA (key): /ʈ͡ʂʐ̩⁵¹ t͡sʰaɪ̯³⁵/
- Homophones:
制裁
製裁 / 制裁
- (Standard Chinese)
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Jyutping: zai3 coi4
- Yale: jai chòih
- Cantonese Pinyin: dzai3 tsoi4
- Guangdong Romanization: zei3 coi4
- Sinological IPA (key): /t͡sɐi̯³³ t͡sʰɔːi̯²¹/
- Homophones:
制裁
製裁 / 制裁
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Southern Min
- (Hokkien: Quanzhou, General Taiwanese, Xiamen)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chè-chhâi
- Tâi-lô: tsè-tshâi
- Phofsit Daibuun: zeazhaai
- Sinological IPA (Quanzhou): /t͡se⁴¹⁻⁵⁵⁴ t͡sʰai²⁴/
- Sinological IPA (Xiamen): /t͡se²¹⁻⁵³ t͡sʰai²⁴/
- Sinological IPA (Kaohsiung): /t͡se²¹⁻⁴¹ t͡sʰai²³/
- Sinological IPA (Taipei): /t͡se¹¹⁻⁵³ t͡sʰai²⁴/
- (Hokkien: Zhangzhou)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chì-chhâi
- Tâi-lô: tsì-tshâi
- Phofsit Daibuun: ciezhaai
- Sinological IPA (Zhangzhou): /t͡si²¹⁻⁵³ t͡sʰai¹³/
- (Teochew)
- Peng'im: zi3 cai5
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: tsì tshâi
- Sinological IPA (key): /t͡si²¹³⁻⁵⁵ t͡sʰai⁵⁵/
- (Hokkien: Quanzhou, General Taiwanese, Xiamen)
Verb
制裁
- (law) to impose legal sanctions
- (literary) to punish; to penalise
- 及安重誨用事，稍以法制裁之。 [Literary Chinese, trad.]
- From: 1084 CE, Sima Guang, Comprehensive Mirror to Aid in Government
- Jí Ān Zhònghuì yòngshì, shāo yǐ fǎ zhìcái zhī. [Pinyin]
- (please add an English translation of this usage example)
及安重诲用事，稍以法制裁之。 [Literary Chinese, simp.]
Synonyms
- (to punish):
- 修理 (xiūlǐ) (slang)
- 懲 / 惩 (chéng) (literary, or in compounds)
- 懲治 / 惩治 (chéngzhì)
- 懲罰 / 惩罚 (chéngfá)
- 懲艾 / 惩艾 (chéngyì) (literary)
- 懲處 / 惩处 (chéngchǔ)
- 懲辦 / 惩办 (chéngbàn)
- 拾掇 (shíduo) (colloquial)
- 收拾 (colloquial)
- 整治 (zhěngzhì)
- 治
- 治罪 (zhìzuì)
- 發落 / 发落 (fāluò)
- 科罰 / 科罚 (kēfá)
- 處分 / 处分 (chǔfèn)
- 處治 / 处治 (chǔzhì)
- 處理 / 处理
- 處置 / 处置 (chǔzhì)
- 處罰 / 处罚 (chǔfá)
- 討治 / 讨治 (tǎozhì) (literary)
- 責罰 / 责罚 (zéfá)
- 辦罪 / 办罪 (bànzuì) (dated)
- 醫 / 医 (yi1) (Sichuanese)
- 醫治 / 医治 (yi1 zi4) (Sichuanese)
Derived terms
- 法律制裁 (fǎlǜ zhìcái)
Etymology 2
| For pronunciation and definitions of 制裁 – see 製裁 (“to tailor; to cut out; style; form; type”). (This term is the simplified form of 製裁). |
Notes:
|
Japanese
| Kanji in this term | |
|---|---|
| 制 | 裁 |
| せい Grade: 5 |
さい Grade: 6 |
| on'yomi | |
Pronunciation
Noun
制裁 • (seisai)
Verb
制裁する • (seisai suru) transitive suru (stem 制裁し (seisai shi), past 制裁した (seisai shita))
- (law) to impose a sanction; to penalize
- 2025 February 20, 大西健介, quotee, “第217回国会 衆議院 予算委員会 第13号 令和7年2月20日”, in 国会会議録検索システム[1], 国立国会図書館:
- 次に、トランプ大統領は、国際刑事裁判所の関係者を制裁する大統領令に署名をしました。
- Tsugi ni, Toranpu daitōryō wa, Kokusai Keiji Saiban-sho no kankei-sha o seisai suru daitōryō-rei ni shomei o shi-mashita.
- Next, President Trump signed an executive order imposing sanctions on those involved with the International Criminal Court.
Conjugation
| Katsuyōkei ("stem forms") | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Mizenkei ("imperfective") | 制裁し | せいさいし | seisai shi |
| Ren’yōkei ("continuative") | 制裁し | せいさいし | seisai shi |
| Shūshikei ("terminal") | 制裁する | せいさいする | seisai suru |
| Rentaikei ("attributive") | 制裁する | せいさいする | seisai suru |
| Kateikei ("hypothetical") | 制裁すれ | せいさいすれ | seisai sure |
| Meireikei ("imperative") | 制裁せよ¹ 制裁しろ² |
せいさいせよ¹ せいさいしろ² |
seisai seyo¹ seisai shiro² |
| Key constructions | |||
| Passive | 制裁される | せいさいされる | seisai sareru |
| Causative | 制裁させる 制裁さす |
せいさいさせる せいさいさす |
seisai saseru seisai sasu |
| Potential | 制裁できる | せいさいできる | seisai dekiru |
| Volitional | 制裁しよう | せいさいしよう | seisai shiyō |
| Negative | 制裁しない | せいさいしない | seisai shinai |
| Negative continuative | 制裁せず | せいさいせず | seisai sezu |
| Formal | 制裁します | せいさいします | seisai shimasu |
| Perfective | 制裁した | せいさいした | seisai shita |
| Conjunctive | 制裁して | せいさいして | seisai shite |
| Hypothetical conditional | 制裁すれば | せいさいすれば | seisai sureba |
¹ Written imperative
² Spoken imperative
References
- ^ Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
- ^ NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tokyo: NHK Publishing, Inc., →ISBN
- ^ Kindaichi, Kyōsuke et al., editors (1997), 新明解国語辞典 [Shin Meikai Kokugo Jiten] (in Japanese), Fifth edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
- “制裁”, in 漢字ぺディア [Kanjipedia][2] (in Japanese), The Japan Kanji Aptitude Testing Foundation, 2015–2026
- Ineko Kondō, Fumi Takano, Mary E. Althaus, et al. (2002), Shogakukan Progressive Japanese-English Dictionary, third edition, Tokyo: Shōgakukan, →ISBN
Korean
| Hanja in this term | |
|---|---|
| 制 | 裁 |
Noun
制裁 • (jejae) (hangeul 제재)