懲罰

See also: 惩罚

Chinese

		punish; discipline	to punish; to penalize
trad. (懲罰)		懲	罰
simp. (惩罚)		惩	罚

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): chéngfá, chěngfá

(Zhuyin): ㄔㄥˊ ㄈㄚˊ, ㄔㄥˇ ㄈㄚˊ
Cantonese (Jyutping): cing⁴ fat⁶
Southern Min
(Hokkien, POJ): têng-hoa̍t

(Teochew, Peng'im): têng² huêg⁸ / têng² huag⁸
Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): ⁶zen-vaq

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese, standard in Mainland and Taiwan)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: chéngfá
  - Zhuyin: ㄔㄥˊ ㄈㄚˊ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: chéngfá
  - Wade–Giles: chʻêng²-fa²
  - Yale: chéng-fá
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: cherngfar
  - Palladius: чэнфа (čɛnfa)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ʈ͡ʂʰɤŋ³⁵ fä³⁵/
- (Standard Chinese, variant)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: chěngfá
  - Zhuyin: ㄔㄥˇ ㄈㄚˊ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: chěngfá
  - Wade–Giles: chʻêng³-fa²
  - Yale: chěng-fá
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: cheengfar
  - Palladius: чэнфа (čɛnfa)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ʈ͡ʂʰɤŋ²¹⁴⁻²¹ fä³⁵/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
  - Jyutping: cing⁴ fat⁶
  - Yale: chìhng faht
  - Cantonese Pinyin: tsing⁴ fat⁹
  - Guangdong Romanization: qing⁴ fed⁶
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sʰɪŋ²¹ fɐt̚²/
Southern Min
- (Hokkien)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: têng-hoa̍t
  - Tâi-lô: tîng-hua̍t
  - Phofsit Daibuun: denghoat
  - Sinological IPA (Xiamen): /tiɪŋ²⁴⁻²² huat̚⁴/
  - Sinological IPA (Quanzhou): /tiɪŋ²⁴⁻²² huat̚²⁴/
  - Sinological IPA (Zhangzhou): /tiɪŋ¹³⁻²² huat̚¹²¹/
  - Sinological IPA (Taipei): /tiɪŋ²⁴⁻¹¹ huat̚⁴/
  - Sinological IPA (Kaohsiung): /tiɪŋ²³⁻³³ huat̚⁴/
- (Teochew)
  - Peng'im: têng² huêg⁸ / têng² huag⁸
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: théng hue̍k / théng hua̍k
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /tʰeŋ⁵²⁻³⁵ huek̚⁴/, /tʰeŋ⁵²⁻³⁵ huak̚⁴/

Note:

têng2 huêg8 - Chaozhou;
têng2 huag8 - Shantou.

Wu
- (Northern: Shanghai)
  - Wugniu: ⁶zen-vaq
  - MiniDict: zen^去 vah
  - Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): ³zen-vaq
  - Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /zən²² vaʔ⁴⁴/

Verb

懲罰

to punish; to penalise
(Hong Kong, neologism) to patronize a shop perceived as supportive of the pro-democracy movement

Synonyms

(to punish):

edit

修理 (xiūlǐ) (slang)
制裁 (zhìcái) (literary)
懲 / 惩 (chéng) (literary, or in compounds)
懲治 / 惩治 (chéngzhì)
懲艾 / 惩艾 (chéngyì) (literary)
懲處 / 惩处 (chéngchǔ)
懲辦 / 惩办 (chéngbàn)
拾掇 (shíduo) (colloquial)
收拾 (colloquial)
整治 (zhěngzhì)
治
治罪 (zhìzuì)
發落 / 发落 (fāluò)
科罰 / 科罚 (kēfá)
處分 / 处分 (chǔfèn)
處治 / 处治 (chǔzhì)
處理 / 处理
處置 / 处置 (chǔzhì)
處罰 / 处罚 (chǔfá)
討治 / 讨治 (tǎozhì) (literary)
責罰 / 责罚 (zéfá)
辦罪 / 办罪 (bànzuì) (dated)
醫 / 医 (yi¹) (Sichuanese)
醫治 / 医治 (yi¹ zi⁴) (Sichuanese)

Antonyms

(antonym(s) of “to punish”): 獎勵／奖励 (jiǎnglì)

Noun

懲罰

punishment; penalty
應有的懲罰／应有的惩罚 ― yīngyǒu de chéngfá ― deserved punishment

Derived terms

懲罰性 / 惩罚性 (chéngfáxìng)

Descendants

Sino-Xenic (懲罰):

→ Japanese: 懲罰(ちょうばつ) (chōbatsu)
→ Korean: 징벌(懲罰) (jingbeol)
→ Vietnamese: trừng phạt (懲罰)

Japanese

Kanji in this term
懲	罰
ちょう Grade: S	ばつ Grade: S
on'yomi

Alternative spelling
懲罰 (kyūjitai)

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): [t͡ɕo̞ːba̠t͡sɨ]

Noun

懲(ちょう)罰(ばつ) • (chōbatsu)

Verb

懲(ちょう)罰(ばつ)する • (chōbatsu suru) suru (stem 懲(ちょう)罰(ばつ)し (chōbatsu shi), past 懲(ちょう)罰(ばつ)した (chōbatsu shita))

to punish
to discipline

Conjugation

Conjugation of "懲罰する" (See Appendix:Japanese verbs)
Katsuyōkei ("stem forms")
Mizenkei ("imperfective")	懲罰し	ちょうばつし	chōbatsu shi
Ren’yōkei ("continuative")	懲罰し	ちょうばつし	chōbatsu shi
Shūshikei ("terminal")	懲罰する	ちょうばつする	chōbatsu suru
Rentaikei ("attributive")	懲罰する	ちょうばつする	chōbatsu suru
Kateikei ("hypothetical")	懲罰すれ	ちょうばつすれ	chōbatsu sure
Meireikei ("imperative")	懲罰せよ¹ 懲罰しろ²	ちょうばつせよ¹ ちょうばつしろ²	chōbatsu seyo¹ chōbatsu shiro²
Key constructions
Passive	懲罰される	ちょうばつされる	chōbatsu sareru
Causative	懲罰させる懲罰さす	ちょうばつさせるちょうばつさす	chōbatsu saseru chōbatsu sasu
Potential	懲罰できる	ちょうばつできる	chōbatsu dekiru
Volitional	懲罰しよう	ちょうばつしよう	chōbatsu shiyō
Negative	懲罰しない	ちょうばつしない	chōbatsu shinai
Negative continuative	懲罰せず	ちょうばつせず	chōbatsu sezu
Formal	懲罰します	ちょうばつします	chōbatsu shimasu
Perfective	懲罰した	ちょうばつした	chōbatsu shita
Conjunctive	懲罰して	ちょうばつして	chōbatsu shite
Hypothetical conditional	懲罰すれば	ちょうばつすれば	chōbatsu sureba

¹ Written imperative
² Spoken imperative

References

“懲罰”, in 漢字ぺディア [Kanjipedia]‎^[1] (in Japanese), The Japan Kanji Aptitude Testing Foundation, 2015–2026

Korean

Hanja in this term
懲	罰

Noun

懲罰 • (jingbeol) (hangeul 징벌)

hanja form^? of 징벌 (“punishment; penalty”)

Vietnamese

chữ Hán Nôm in this term
懲	罰

Verb

懲罰

chữ Hán form of trừng phạt (“to punish; to chastise”)