続く

See also: 續く and 続ぐ

Japanese

Kanji in this term
つづ
Grade: 4
kun'yomi
Alternative spelling
續く (kyūjitai)

Etymology

⟨tutuku⟩/t͡sut͡suku//t͡sud͡zuku//t͡suzuku/

From Old Japanese 續く (tutuku), with the shift to voicing of the second tsu developing around the Middle Japanese stage.

Cognate with (つづ) (tsuzuru, to spell, to write).

Pronunciation

  • Tokyo pitch accent of conjugated forms of 続く
Plain 続く づく [tsùzúkú]
Conjunctive 続いて づいて [tsùzúíté]
Perfective 続いた づいた [tsùzúítá]
Negative 続かない づかない [tsùzúkánáí]
Negative perfective 続かなかった づかなかった [tsùzúkánáꜜkàttà]
Hypothetical conditional 続けば づけ [tsùzúkéꜜbà]
Past conditional 続いたら づいた [tsùzúítáꜜrà]
Imperative 続け づけ [tsùzúké]
Volitional 続こう づこ [tsùzúkóꜜò]
Desiderative 続きたい づきたい [tsùzúkítáí]
Formal 続きます づきま [tsùzúkímáꜜsù]
Formal negative 続きません づきませ [tsùzúkímáséꜜǹ]
Formal volitional 続きましょう づきましょ [tsùzúkímáshóꜜò]
Formal perfective 続きました づきました [tsùzúkímáꜜshìtà]
Continuative 続き
続きに
づき
づきに
[tsùzúkí]
[tsùzúkí ní]
Negative continuative 続かず
続かずに
づかず
づかずに
[tsùzúkázú]
[tsùzúkázú ní]
Passive 続かれる づかれる [tsùzúkárérú]
Causative 続かせる
続かす
づかせる
づかす
[tsùzúkásérú]
[tsùzúkású]
Potential 続ける づける [tsùzúkérú]

Verb

(つづ) • (tsuzukuintransitive godan (stem (つづ) (tsuzuki), past (つづ)いた (tsuzuita))

Japanese verb pair
active (つづ)ける
mediopassive (つづ)
  1. to continue
  2. to happen consecutively, to continue in a row
  3. to lead to
  4. to succeed, to follow after

Conjugation

Conjugation of "続く" (See Appendix:Japanese verbs)
Katsuyōkei ("stem forms")
Mizenkei ("imperfective") 続か つづか tsuzuka
Ren’yōkei ("continuative") 続き つづき tsuzuki
Shūshikei ("terminal") 続く つづく tsuzuku
Rentaikei ("attributive") 続く つづく tsuzuku
Kateikei ("hypothetical") 続け つづけ tsuzuke
Meireikei ("imperative") 続け つづけ tsuzuke
Key constructions
Passive 続かれる つづかれる tsuzukareru
Causative 続かせる
続かす
つづかせる
つづかす
tsuzukaseru
tsuzukasu
Potential 続ける つづける tsuzukeru
Volitional 続こう つづこう tsuzukō
Negative 続かない つづかない tsuzukanai
Negative continuative 続かず つづかず tsuzukazu
Formal 続きます つづきます tsuzukimasu
Perfective 続いた つづいた tsuzuita
Conjunctive 続いて つづいて tsuzuite
Hypothetical conditional 続けば つづけば tsuzukeba
Classical conjugation of "続く" (カ行四段活用, see Appendix:Japanese verbs.)
Stem forms
Irrealis (未然形) 続か つづか tuduka
Continuative (連用形) 続き つづき tuduki
Terminal (終止形) 続く つづく tuduku
Attributive (連体形) 続く つづく tuduku
Realis (已然形) 続け つづけ tuduke
Imperative (命令形) 続け つづけ tuduke
Key constructions
Negative 続かず つづかず tudukazu
Contrasting conjunction 続けど つづけど tudukedo
Causal conjunction 続けば つづけば tudukeba
Conditional conjunction 続かば つづかば tudukaba
Past tense (firsthand knowledge) 続きき つづきき tudukiki
Past tense (secondhand knowledge) 続きけり つづきけり tudukikeri
Perfect tense (conscious action) 続きつ つづきつ tudukitu
Perfect tense (natural event) 続きぬ つづきぬ tudukinu
Perfect-continuative tense 続けり
続きたり
つづけり
つづきたり
tudukeri
tudukitari
Volitional 続かむ つづかむ tudukamu

Quotations

For quotations using this term, see Citations:続く.

Derived terms

  • (つづ) (tsuzuki)
  • (つづ)() (tsuzukiai)
  • (つづ)(ばん)(ごう) (tsuzukibangō)
  • (いき)(つづ) (iki ga tsuzuku)
  • ()(つづ) (uchitsuzuku)
  • (からだ)(つづ) (karada ga tsuzuku)
  • ()(つづ) (sashitsuzuku)
  • ()(つづ) (tachitsuzuku)
  • ()(つづ) (tatetsuzuku)
  • ()(つづ) (toritsuzuku)
  • ()(つづ) (noritsuzuku)
  • ()(つづ) (hikitsuzuku)
  • ()(つづ) (furitsuzuku)

Verb

(つづ) • (tsuzukutransitive nidan

  1. (archaic) to continue
  2. (archaic) to occur immediately or instantly
  3. (archaic) to chronicle
  4. (archaic) to connect

Conjugation

Classical conjugation of "続く" (カ行下二段活用, see Appendix:Japanese verbs.)
Stem forms
Irrealis (未然形) 続け つづけ tuduke
Continuative (連用形) 続け つづけ tuduke
Terminal (終止形) 続く つづく tuduku
Attributive (連体形) 続くる つづくる tudukuru
Realis (已然形) 続くれ つづくれ tudukure
Imperative (命令形) 続けよ つづけよ tudukeyo
Key constructions
Negative 続けず つづけず tudukezu
Contrasting conjunction 続くれど つづくれど tudukuredo
Causal conjunction 続くれば つづくれば tudukureba
Conditional conjunction 続けば つづけば tudukeba
Past tense (firsthand knowledge) 続けき つづけき tudukeki
Past tense (secondhand knowledge) 続けけり つづけけり tudukekeri
Perfect tense (conscious action) 続けつ つづけつ tuduketu
Perfect tense (natural event) 続けぬ つづけぬ tudukenu
Perfect-continuative tense 続けたり つづけたり tuduketari
Volitional 続けむ つづけむ tudukemu

Derived terms

  • (つづ)ける (tsuzukeru, modern transitive)
  • (つづ) (tsuzuke)
  • (つづ)(うた) (tsuzukeuta)
  • (つづ)() (tsuzukeuchi)
  • (つづ)() (tsuzukegaki)
  • (つづ)(ざま) (tsuzukezama)
  • (つづ)() (tsuzukeji)
  • ()(つづ) (uchitsuzuku)
  • (おも)(つづ) (omoitsuzuku)
  • (おぼ)(つづ) (oboshitsuzuku)
  • ()(つづ) (sashitsuzuku)
  • ()(つづ) (tachitsuzuku)
  • ()(つづ) (tatetsuzuku)
  • ()(つづ) (toritsuzuku)
  • ()(つづ) (noritsuzuku)
  • ()(つづ) (hikitsuzuku)

References

  1. ^ Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
  2. ^ NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tokyo: NHK Publishing, Inc., →ISBN