出勤

Chinese

		to go out; to come out; to occur to go out; to come out; to occur; to produce; to go beyond; to rise; to put forth; to happen; (a measure word for dramas, plays, or operas)	diligent; frequent
simp. and trad. (出勤)		出	勤

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): chūqín

(Zhuyin): ㄔㄨㄑㄧㄣˊ
Cantonese (Jyutping): ceot¹ kan⁴
Hakka (Sixian, PFS): chhut-khiùn
Southern Min
(Hokkien, POJ): chhut-khûn / chhut-khîn

(Teochew, Peng'im): cug⁴ keng⁵

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: chūqín
  - Zhuyin: ㄔㄨㄑㄧㄣˊ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: chucín
  - Wade–Giles: chʻu¹-chʻin²
  - Yale: chū-chín
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: chuchyn
  - Palladius: чуцинь (čucinʹ)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ʈ͡ʂʰu⁵⁵ t͡ɕʰin³⁵/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
  - Jyutping: ceot¹ kan⁴
  - Yale: chēut kàhn
  - Cantonese Pinyin: tsoet⁷ kan⁴
  - Guangdong Romanization: cêd¹ ken⁴
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sʰɵt̚⁵ kʰɐn²¹/
Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: chhut-khiùn
  - Hakka Romanization System: cud^ˋ kiun^ˇ
  - Hagfa Pinyim: cud⁵ kiun²
  - Sinological IPA: /t͡sʰut̚² kʰi̯un¹¹/
Southern Min
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, Taipei)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chhut-khûn
  - Tâi-lô: tshut-khûn
  - Phofsit Daibuun: zhutquun
  - Sinological IPA (Xiamen, Taipei): /t͡sʰut̚³²⁻⁴ kʰun²⁴/
  - Sinological IPA (Quanzhou): /t͡sʰut̚⁵⁻²⁴ kʰun²⁴/
  - Sinological IPA (Zhangzhou): /t͡sʰut̚³²⁻⁵ kʰun¹³/
- (Hokkien: Kaohsiung)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chhut-khîn
  - Tâi-lô: tshut-khîn
  - Phofsit Daibuun: zhutqiin
  - Sinological IPA (Kaohsiung): /t͡sʰut̚³²⁻⁴ kʰin²³/
- (Teochew)
  - Peng'im: cug⁴ keng⁵
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: tshuk khṳ̂ng
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sʰuk̚²⁻⁴ kʰɯŋ⁵⁵/

Verb

出勤

to go to work; to start work; to show up on time for work
to be out on duty
to take a business trip

Synonyms

(to take a business trip):

出trip (ceot¹ cip¹) (Hong Kong Cantonese)
出差 (chūchāi)
出張 / 出张 (Taiwanese Hokkien, Taiwanese Hakka)
差旅 (chāilǚ)

Derived terms

出勤主義 / 出勤主义 (chūqín zhǔyì)

See also

上班 (shàngbān)
出差 (chūchāi)

Japanese

Kanji in this term
出	勤
しゅつ > しゅっ Grade: 1	きん Grade: 6
on'yomi

Alternative spelling
出勤 (kyūjitai)

Pronunciation

(Tokyo) しゅっきん [shùkkíń] (Heiban – [0])^[1]
IPA^(key): [ɕɨk̚ʲkʲĩɴ]

Noun

出(しゅっ)勤(きん) • (shukkin)

going to work

Verb

出(しゅっ)勤(きん)する • (shukkin suru) suru (stem 出(しゅっ)勤(きん)し (shukkin shi), past 出(しゅっ)勤(きん)した (shukkin shita))

to go to work

Conjugation

Conjugation of "出勤する" (See Appendix:Japanese verbs)
Katsuyōkei ("stem forms")
Mizenkei ("imperfective")	出勤し	しゅっきんし	shukkin shi
Ren’yōkei ("continuative")	出勤し	しゅっきんし	shukkin shi
Shūshikei ("terminal")	出勤する	しゅっきんする	shukkin suru
Rentaikei ("attributive")	出勤する	しゅっきんする	shukkin suru
Kateikei ("hypothetical")	出勤すれ	しゅっきんすれ	shukkin sure
Meireikei ("imperative")	出勤せよ¹ 出勤しろ²	しゅっきんせよ¹ しゅっきんしろ²	shukkin seyo¹ shukkin shiro²
Key constructions
Passive	出勤される	しゅっきんされる	shukkin sareru
Causative	出勤させる出勤さす	しゅっきんさせるしゅっきんさす	shukkin saseru shukkin sasu
Potential	出勤できる	しゅっきんできる	shukkin dekiru
Volitional	出勤しよう	しゅっきんしよう	shukkin shiyō
Negative	出勤しない	しゅっきんしない	shukkin shinai
Negative continuative	出勤せず	しゅっきんせず	shukkin sezu
Formal	出勤します	しゅっきんします	shukkin shimasu
Perfective	出勤した	しゅっきんした	shukkin shita
Conjunctive	出勤して	しゅっきんして	shukkin shite
Hypothetical conditional	出勤すれば	しゅっきんすれば	shukkin sureba

¹ Written imperative
² Spoken imperative

References

^ Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN

Korean

Noun

出勤 • (chulgeun) (hangeul 출근)

hanja form^? of 출근 (“going to work”)