典

See also: 曲

典 U+5178, 典
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-5178
← 具
[U+5177] 		CJK Unified Ideographs 兹 →
[U+5179]

Translingual

Stroke order
Stroke order (Japan)

Han character

典 (Kangxi radical 12, 八+6, 8 strokes, cangjie input 廿月金 (TBC), four-corner 55801, composition ⿱曲八)

Derived characters

Additional Derived Characters
  • 𠗘, 𨹻, 𪯦, 𪸸, 𬒿, 𦖌, 𦥃, 𮎒, 𧌎, 𠢣, 𧨸, 𧹖, 𬧦, 𨡏, 𬭓, 𩣲
  • 𧡝, 𤿶, 𥦟, 𥮏, 𠽝, 𠩷, 𡥳, 𣇺, 𥵶, 𥶚, 𮪖
  • 𲀵, 𰻁

References

  • Kangxi Dictionary: page 128, character 2
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 1474
  • Dae Jaweon: page 286, character 12
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 247, character 1
  • Unihan data for U+5178

Further reading

Chinese

simp. and trad.
 典
alternative forms 𠔓

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 典
Shang Western Zhou Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)
Oracle bone script Bronze inscriptions Small seal script
j10971
j10972
j10973
j10974
j10975
j10976
j10977
j10978
j10979
j10980
j10981
j10982
b06774
b06775
b06776
b06777
b06778
b06779
b06780
b06781
b06782
b06783
s03455
s03456
Transcribed ancient scripts
L34729
L34730
L34731
L34732
L34733
L34734
L16109
L16110
L16111
L16112
L16113
L16114
L16115
L16116
L16117
L16118
L16119
L16120
L16121
References:

Mostly from Richard Sears' Chinese Etymology site (authorisation),
which in turn draws data from various collections of ancient forms of Chinese characters, including:

  • Shuowen Jiezi (small seal),
  • Jinwen Bian (bronze inscriptions),
  • Liushutong (Liushutong characters) and
  • Yinxu Jiaguwen Bian (oracle bone script).
Characters in the same phonetic series (典) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
典 *tɯːnʔ
錪 *tɯːnʔ, *tʰɯːnʔ
腆 *tʰɯːnʔ
痶 *tʰɯːnʔ
淟 *tʰɯːnʔ
琠 *tʰɯːnʔ
賟 *tʰɯːnʔ
晪 *tʰɯːnʔ

Ideogrammic compound (會意 / 会意): 冊 (“books”) + 丌 (“table”) – (official) books on a table.

Unrelated to 曲 and 曹.

Etymology

From Proto-Sinitic *dʰiəm.

Pronunciation

Note:
  • deng3 - literary;
  • dieng3 - literary variant.
Note:
  • diang2 - Shantou;
  • diêng2 - Chaozhou.
  • Dialectal data
Variety Location 典
Mandarin Beijing /tian²¹⁴/
Harbin /tian²¹³/
Tianjin /tian¹³/
Jinan /tiã⁵⁵/
Qingdao /tiã⁵⁵/
Zhengzhou /tian⁵³/
Xi'an /tiã⁵³/
Xining /tiã⁵³/
Yinchuan /tian⁵³/
Lanzhou /tiɛ̃n⁴⁴²/
Ürümqi /tian⁵¹/
Wuhan /tiɛn⁴²/
Chengdu /tian⁵³/
Guiyang /tian⁴²/ 家～
/tian²¹³/ ～當
Kunming /tiɛ̃⁵³/
Nanjing /tien²¹²/
Hefei /tiĩ²⁴/
Jin Taiyuan /tie⁵³/
Pingyao /tie̞⁵³/
Hohhot /tie⁵³/
Wu Shanghai /ti³⁵/
Suzhou /tiɪ⁵¹/
Hangzhou /tiẽ̞⁵³/
Wenzhou /ti³⁵/
Hui Shexian /te³⁵/
Tunxi /tiɛ³¹/
Xiang Changsha /tiẽ⁴¹/
Xiangtan /tiẽ⁴²/
Gan Nanchang /tiɛn²¹³/
Hakka Meixian /tien³¹/
Taoyuan /tien³¹/
Cantonese Guangzhou /tin³⁵/
Nanning /tim³⁵/
Hong Kong /tin³⁵/
Min Xiamen (Hokkien) /tian⁵³/
Fuzhou (Eastern Min) /tɛiŋ³²/
Jian'ou (Northern Min) /tiŋ²¹/
Shantou (Teochew) /tiaŋ⁵³/
Haikou (Hainanese) /ʔdin²¹³/
/ʔdai²¹³/
Rime
Character 典
Reading # 1/1
Initial (聲) 端 (5)
Final (韻) 先 (85)
Tone (調) Rising (X)
Openness (開合) Open
Division (等) IV
Fanqie 多殄切
Baxter tenX
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang 		/tenX/
Pan
Wuyun 		/tenX/
Shao
Rongfen 		/tɛnX/
Edwin
Pulleyblank 		/tɛnX/
Li
Rong 		/tenX/
Wang
Li 		/tienX/
Bernhard
Karlgren 		/tienX/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex 		diǎn
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex 		din2
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 典
Reading # 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin) 		diǎn
Middle
Chinese 		‹ tenX ›
Old
Chinese 		/*tˁə[r]ʔ/
English statute, norm

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 典
Reading # 1/1
No. 2342
Phonetic
component 		典
Rime
group 		文
Rime
subdivision 		1
Corresponding
MC rime 		典
Old
Chinese 		/*tɯːnʔ/

Definitions

典

  1. law, canon
  2. documentation
  3. classic work; (religion) scripture
  4. (Internet slang, sarcastic) classic, typical (complaint that something is cliche or common in a negative way)

Compounds

  • 三典
  • 三墳五典 / 三坟五典
  • 不刊之典
  • 世典
  • 中典
  • 五典
  • 令典
  • 佛典 (fódiǎn)
  • 借典
  • 僻典
  • 內典 / 内典
  • 六典
  • 六房吏典
  • 典借
  • 典儀 / 典仪
  • 典兵
  • 典刑 (diǎnxíng)
  • 典制 (diǎnzhì)
  • 典吏
  • 典型 (diǎnxíng)
  • 典型人物
  • 典型作風 / 典型作风
  • 典型足式
  • 典墳 / 典坟
  • 典奧 / 典奥
  • 典學 / 典学
  • 典守
  • 典客 (diǎnkè)
  • 典常
  • 典座
  • 典押 (diǎnyā)
  • 典據 / 典据
  • 典故 (diǎngù)
  • 典業 / 典业
  • 典沒 / 典没
  • 典獄 / 典狱 (diǎnyù)
  • 典獄長 / 典狱长 (diǎnyùzhǎng)
  • 典當 / 典当 (diǎndàng)
  • 典禮 / 典礼 (diǎnlǐ)
  • 典策
  • 典範 / 典范 (diǎnfàn)
  • 典範長存 / 典范长存
  • 典籍 (diǎnjí)
  • 典藏 (diǎncáng)
  • 典藏本
  • 典要
  • 典試 / 典试
  • 典謨 / 典谟
  • 典謨訓誥 / 典谟训诰
  • 典貼 / 典贴
  • 典賣 / 典卖
  • 典質 / 典质
  • 典身
  • 典身賣命 / 典身卖命
  • 典鋪 / 典铺
  • 典雅 (diǎnyǎ)
  • 典雅堂皇
  • 典章 (diǎnzhāng)
  • 典章制度 (diǎnzhāng zhìdù)
  • 典鬻 (diǎnyù)
  • 典鷫鷞裘 / 典鹔𮭪裘 (diǎn sùshuāng qiú)
  • 典麗矞皇 / 典丽矞皇
  • 出典 (chūdiǎn)
  • 出故典
  • 卹典
  • 古典 (gǔdiǎn)
  • 古典主義 / 古典主义 (gǔdiǎnzhǔyì)
  • 古典小說 / 古典小说
  • 古典文學 / 古典文学
  • 古典舞蹈
  • 古典芭蕾 (gǔdiǎn bālěi)
  • 古典音樂 / 古典音乐 (gǔdiǎn yīnyuè)
  • 國典 / 国典
  • 國語辭典 / 国语辞典
  • 堯典 / 尧典
  • 墜典 / 坠典
  • 墳典 / 坟典
  • 外典
  • 大乘經典 / 大乘经典
  • 大典 (dàdiǎn)
  • 大清會典 / 大清会典
  • 字典 (zìdiǎn)
  • 寶典 / 宝典 (bǎodiǎn)
  • 封典
  • 專科辭典 / 专科辞典
  • 康熙字典 (Kāngxī Zìdiǎn)
  • 廢典 / 废典 (fèidiǎn)
  • 引經據典 / 引经据典 (yǐnjīngjùdiǎn)
  • 恩典 (ēndiǎn)
  • 慧典
  • 慶典 / 庆典 (qìngdiǎn)
  • 憲典 / 宪典
  • 懋典
  • 應典 / 应典
  • 成典
  • 戤典
  • 排房吏典
  • 操典 (cāodiǎn)
  • 攢典 / 攒典
  • 故典
  • 數典忘祖 / 数典忘祖 (shǔdiǎnwàngzǔ)
  • 明正典刑
  • 會典 / 会典 (huìdiǎn)
  • 有典有則 / 有典有则
  • 權典 / 权典
  • 永樂大典 / 永乐大典 (Yǒnglè Dàdiǎn)
  • 法典 (fǎdiǎn)
  • 活字典 (huózìdiǎn)
  • 清典
  • 滅典 / 灭典
  • 瑞典 (Ruìdiǎn)
  • 瑞典王國 / 瑞典王国
  • 畢業典禮 / 毕业典礼 (bìyè diǎnlǐ)
  • 百科辭典 / 百科辞典
  • 盛典 (shèngdiǎn)
  • 破土典禮 / 破土典礼
  • 祀典 (sìdiǎn)
  • 祭典 (jìdiǎn)
  • 經典 / 经典 (jīngdiǎn)
  • 經典之作 / 经典之作
  • 經典稽疑 / 经典稽疑
  • 經典釋文 / 经典释文
  • 續通典 / 续通典
  • 羅馬法典 / 罗马法典
  • 聯綿字典 / 联绵字典
  • 茂典
  • 落成典禮 / 落成典礼
  • 藥典 / 药典 (yàodiǎn)
  • 要典 (yàodiǎn)
  • 解典庫 / 解典库
  • 解典鋪 / 解典铺
  • 言不諳典 / 言不谙典
  • 訓典 / 训典
  • 詞典 / 词典 (cídiǎn)
  • 詞典學 / 词典学 (cídiǎnxué)
  • 詞華典贍 / 词华典赡
  • 贖典 / 赎典
  • 辭典 / 辞典 (cídiǎn)
  • 辭典學 / 辞典学
  • 辭典派 / 辞典派
  • 通典 (Tōngdiǎn)
  • 釋典 / 释典 (shìdiǎn)
  • 重典 (zhòngdiǎn)
  • 閉幕典禮 / 闭幕典礼
  • 隆恩曠典 / 隆恩旷典
  • 雅典 (Yǎdiǎn)
  • 雅典主義 / 雅典主义 (Yǎdiǎnzhǔyì)
  • 雅典娜 (Yǎdiǎnnà)
  • 電子字典 / 电子字典
  • 電腦詞典 / 电脑词典
  • 電腦辭典 / 电脑辞典
  • 首映典禮 / 首映典礼
  • 馬奴法典 / 马奴法典
  • 高文典冊 / 高文典册

References

  • “典”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)‎[2], 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–
  • 李如龙 [Li, Ru-long]; 刘福铸 [Liu, Fu-zhu]; 吴华英 [Wu, Hua-ying]; 黄国城 [Huang, Guo-cheng] (2019), “颠”, in 莆仙方言调查报告 [Investigation Report on Puxian Dialect] (overall work in Mandarin and Puxian Min), Xiamen University Press, →ISBN, page 217.

Japanese

Kanji

典

(Fourth grade kyōiku kanji)

Readings

  • Go-on: てん (ten, Jōyō)、でん (den)
  • Kan-on: てん (ten, Jōyō)、でん (den)
  • Kun: ふみ (fumi, 典)、のり (nori, 典)、さかん (sakan)
  • Nanori: すけ (suke)、つね (tsune)、みち (michi)、の (no)、のり (nori)、ふみ (fumi)、まり (mari)[1]

Compounds

Pronunciation

Kanji in this term
典
てん
Grade: 4
on'yomi

Noun

典(てん) • (ten) 

  1. ceremony
    華(か)燭(しょく)の典(てん)
    kashoku no ten
    wedding ceremony
  2. rule

References

  1. ^ “典”, in 漢字ぺディア [Kanjipedia]‎[1] (in Japanese), The Japan Kanji Aptitude Testing Foundation, 2015–2026

Korean

Hanja

典 (eumhun 법 전 (beop jeon))

  1. hanja form? of 전 (“rule; law”)

Vietnamese

Han character

典: Hán Việt readings: điển[1][2][3][4][5]
典: Nôm readings: đến[1][2][3][4][5][6][7], điếng[1]

  1. chữ Hán form of điển (“law, canon”)
  2. chữ Nôm form of đến (“to arrive, to come”)

References

  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 Trần (2004).
  2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 Hồ (1976).
  3. ↑ 3.0 3.1 Bonet (1899).
  4. ↑ 4.0 4.1 Génibrel (1898).
  5. ↑ 5.0 5.1 Taberd & Pigneau de Béhaine (1838).
  6. ^ Nguyễn (2014).
  7. ^ Nguyễn et al. (2009).
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