保養

See also: 保养

Chinese

		to defend; to protect; to insure or guarantee to defend; to protect; to insure or guarantee; to maintain; hold or keep; to guard	give birth; keep (pets); to support give birth; keep (pets); to support; to bring someone up; to raise (pig, etc.)
trad. (保養)		保	養
simp. (保养)		保	养

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): bǎoyǎng

(Zhuyin): ㄅㄠˇ ㄧㄤˇ
Cantonese (Jyutping): bou² joeng⁵
Hakka
(Sixian, PFS): pó-yông

(Hailu, HRS): bo^ˊ rhong^ˋ
Puxian Min (Pouseng Ping'ing): bor³ yorng³ / bor³ yoeng³
Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): pó-ióng / pó-iáng / pó-iúⁿ

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: bǎoyǎng [Phonetic: báoyǎng]
  - Zhuyin: ㄅㄠˇ ㄧㄤˇ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: bǎoyǎng
  - Wade–Giles: pao³-yang³
  - Yale: bǎu-yǎng
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: baoyeang
  - Palladius: баоян (baojan)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /pɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻³⁵ jɑŋ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
  - Jyutping: bou² joeng⁵
  - Yale: bóu yéuhng
  - Cantonese Pinyin: bou² joeng⁵
  - Guangdong Romanization: bou² yêng⁵
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /pou̯³⁵ jœːŋ¹³/
  - Homophones:
    ^edit
    ^edit
    保養 / 保养
    補養 / 补养
Hakka
- (Northern Sixian, incl. Miaoli)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: pó-yông
  - Hakka Romanization System: bo^ˋ iong^ˊ
  - Hagfa Pinyim: bo³ yong¹
  - Sinological IPA: /po³¹ i̯oŋ²⁴/
- (Southern Sixian, incl. Neipu)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: pó-yông
  - Hakka Romanization System: bo^ˋ (r)iong^ˊ
  - Hagfa Pinyim: bo³ yong¹
  - Sinological IPA: /po³¹ (j)i̯oŋ²⁴/
- (Hailu, incl. Zhudong)
  - Hakka Romanization System: bo^ˊ rhong^ˋ
  - Sinological IPA: /po²⁴⁻³³ ʒoŋ⁵³/
Puxian Min
- (Putian)
  - Pouseng Ping'ing: bor³ yorng³ [Phonetic: bor⁵ yorng³]
  - Báⁿ-uā-ci̍: bô̤-iô̤ng
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /pɒ⁴⁵³⁻¹¹ yɒŋ⁴⁵³/
- (Xianyou)
  - Pouseng Ping'ing: bor³ yoeng³ [Phonetic: bor⁵ yoeng³]
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /pɒ³³²⁻²¹ yøŋ³³²/
Southern Min
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, General Taiwanese)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: pó-ióng
  - Tâi-lô: pó-ióng
  - Phofsit Daibuun: poyiorng
  - Sinological IPA (Xiamen, Taipei): /po⁵³⁻⁴⁴ iɔŋ⁵³/
  - Sinological IPA (Kaohsiung): /pɤ⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ iɔŋ⁴¹/
  - Sinological IPA (Quanzhou): /po⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ iɔŋ⁵⁵⁴/
- (Hokkien: Zhangzhou, Zhangzhou-like accent in Taiwan)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: pó-iáng
  - Tâi-lô: pó-iáng
  - Phofsit Daibuun: poyiarng
  - Sinological IPA (Zhangzhou): /po⁵³⁻⁴⁴ iaŋ⁵³/
- (Hokkien: variant in Taiwan)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: pó-iúⁿ
  - Tâi-lô: pó-iúnn
  - Phofsit Daibuun: poy'viuo
  - Sinological IPA (Taipei): /po⁵³⁻⁴⁴ iũ⁵³/
  - Sinological IPA (Kaohsiung): /pɤ⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ iũ⁴¹/

Verb

保養

to maintain one's health; to keep fit
to keep (a vehicle, machinery, etc.) in good repair; to maintain

Synonyms

(to maintain one's health):

edit

保養身體 / 保养身体 (bǎoyǎng shēntǐ)
攝 / 摄 (literary, or in compounds)
攝生 / 摄生 (shèshēng) (literary)
攝衛 / 摄卫 (shèwèi) (literary)
攝養 / 摄养 (shèyǎng) (literary)
頤養 / 颐养 (yíyǎng) (literary)
養生 / 养生

(to keep in good repair):

edit

修 (xiū)
修理 (xiūlǐ)
修補 / 修补 (xiūbǔ)
拾掇 (shíduo) (colloquial)
擺劃 / 摆划 (bǎihua) (regional)
擺弄 / 摆弄 (colloquial)
收拾
整 (zhěng)
整治 (zhěngzhì)
檢修 / 检修 (jiǎnxiū)
維修 / 维修 (wéixiū)
補 / 补 (bǔ)
補修 / 补修 (bǔxiū)

Japanese

Kanji in this term
保	養
ほ Grade: 5	よう Grade: 4
on'yomi

Pronunciation

(Tokyo) ほよー [hòyóó] (Heiban – [0])^[1]^[2]^[3]^[4]
(Kyōto) ほよー [hòyóó] (Heiban – [0])^[4]
IPA^(key): [ho̞jo̞ː]

Noun

保(ほ)養(よう) • (hoyō)

comfort, nurture, recuperation, rest
目(め)の保養(ほよう)になる。
Me no hoyō ni naru.
This is a pleasure for the eyes.
recreation

Verb

保(ほ)養(よう)する • (hoyō suru) suru (stem 保(ほ)養(よう)し (hoyō shi), past 保(ほ)養(よう)した (hoyō shita))

recuperate
to rest, to relax

Conjugation

Conjugation of "保養する" (See Appendix:Japanese verbs)
Katsuyōkei ("stem forms")
Mizenkei ("imperfective")	保養し	ほようし	hoyō shi
Ren’yōkei ("continuative")	保養し	ほようし	hoyō shi
Shūshikei ("terminal")	保養する	ほようする	hoyō suru
Rentaikei ("attributive")	保養する	ほようする	hoyō suru
Kateikei ("hypothetical")	保養すれ	ほようすれ	hoyō sure
Meireikei ("imperative")	保養せよ¹ 保養しろ²	ほようせよ¹ ほようしろ²	hoyō seyo¹ hoyō shiro²
Key constructions
Passive	保養される	ほようされる	hoyō sareru
Causative	保養させる保養さす	ほようさせるほようさす	hoyō saseru hoyō sasu
Potential	保養できる	ほようできる	hoyō dekiru
Volitional	保養しよう	ほようしよう	hoyō shiyō
Negative	保養しない	ほようしない	hoyō shinai
Negative continuative	保養せず	ほようせず	hoyō sezu
Formal	保養します	ほようします	hoyō shimasu
Perfective	保養した	ほようした	hoyō shita
Conjunctive	保養して	ほようして	hoyō shite
Hypothetical conditional	保養すれば	ほようすれば	hoyō sureba

¹ Written imperative
² Spoken imperative

References

Ineko Kondō, Fumi Takano, Mary E. Althaus, et al. (2002), Shogakukan Progressive Japanese-English Dictionary, third edition, Tokyo: Shōgakukan, →ISBN

^ Yamada, Tadao et al., editors (2011), 新明解国語辞典 [Shin Meikai Kokugo Jiten] (in Japanese), Seventh edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
^ Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
^ NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tokyo: NHK Publishing, Inc., →ISBN
↑ ^4.0 ^4.1 “保養”, in 日本国語大辞典 [Nihon Kokugo Daijiten]‎^[1] (in Japanese), 2nd edition, Tokyo: Shogakukan, 2000-2002, released online 2007, →ISBN, concise edition entry available here

“保養”, in 漢字ぺディア [Kanjipedia]‎^[2] (in Japanese), The Japan Kanji Aptitude Testing Foundation, 2015–2026

Korean

Hanja in this term
保	養

Noun

保養 • (boyang) (hangeul 보양)

hanja form^? of 보양

[SMK7-1] Yamada, Tadao et al., editors (2011), 新明解国語辞典 [Shin Meikai Kokugo Jiten] (in Japanese), Seventh edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN

[DJR-2] Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN

[NHK-3] NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tokyo: NHK Publishing, Inc., →ISBN

[NKD2-4] 4.0 ^4.1 “保養”, in 日本国語大辞典 [Nihon Kokugo Daijiten]‎^[1] (in Japanese), 2nd edition, Tokyo: Shogakukan, 2000-2002, released online 2007, →ISBN, concise edition entry available here

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