供養

See also: 供养

Chinese

		offer; sacrificial offering; trial statement offer; sacrificial offering; trial statement; confession; offer (information, etc.); supply	give birth; keep (pets); to support give birth; keep (pets); to support; to bring someone up; to raise (pig, etc.)
trad. (供養)		供	養
simp. (供养)		供	养

Pronunciation 1

Mandarin
(Pinyin): gōngyǎng, gòngyàng, gòngyǎng

(Zhuyin): ㄍㄨㄥㄧㄤˇ, ㄍㄨㄥˋ ㄧㄤˋ, ㄍㄨㄥˋ ㄧㄤˇ
Cantonese (Jyutping): gung¹ joeng⁶ / gung¹ joeng⁵
Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): kiong-ióng / kiong-iáng

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese, standard in Mainland)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: gōngyǎng
  - Zhuyin: ㄍㄨㄥㄧㄤˇ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: gongyǎng
  - Wade–Giles: kung¹-yang³
  - Yale: gūng-yǎng
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: gongyeang
  - Palladius: гунъян (gunʺjan)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /kʊŋ⁵⁵ jɑŋ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/
- (Standard Chinese, standard in Taiwan)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: gòngyàng
  - Zhuyin: ㄍㄨㄥˋ ㄧㄤˋ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: gòngyàng
  - Wade–Giles: kung⁴-yang⁴
  - Yale: gùng-yàng
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: gonqyanq
  - Palladius: гунъян (gunʺjan)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /kʊŋ⁵¹⁻⁵³ jɑŋ⁵¹/
- (Standard Chinese, variant in Taiwan)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: gòngyǎng
  - Zhuyin: ㄍㄨㄥˋ ㄧㄤˇ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: gòngyǎng
  - Wade–Giles: kung⁴-yang³
  - Yale: gùng-yǎng
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: gonqyeang
  - Palladius: гунъян (gunʺjan)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /kʊŋ⁵¹ jɑŋ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
  - Jyutping: gung¹ joeng⁶ / gung¹ joeng⁵
  - Yale: gūng yeuhng / gūng yéuhng
  - Cantonese Pinyin: gung¹ joeng⁶ / gung¹ joeng⁵
  - Guangdong Romanization: gung¹ yêng⁶ / gung¹ yêng⁵
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /kʊŋ⁵⁵ jœːŋ²²/, /kʊŋ⁵⁵ jœːŋ¹³/
Southern Min
- (Hokkien: Quanzhou, Xiamen)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: kiong-ióng
  - Tâi-lô: kiong-ióng
  - Phofsit Daibuun: kiong'iorng
  - Sinological IPA (Xiamen): /kiɔŋ⁴⁴⁻²² iɔŋ⁵³/
  - Sinological IPA (Quanzhou): /kiɔŋ³³ iɔŋ⁵⁵⁴/
- (Hokkien: Zhangzhou)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: kiong-iáng
  - Tâi-lô: kiong-iáng
  - Phofsit Daibuun: kiong'iarng
  - Sinological IPA (Zhangzhou): /kiɔŋ⁴⁴⁻²² iaŋ⁵³/

Verb

供養

to provide and care for one's parents or elders

Synonyms

edit

保 (bǎo) (literary, or in compounds)
奉待 (Taiwanese Hokkien)
奉養 / 奉养
扶養 / 扶养 (fúyǎng)
撫育 / 抚育 (fǔyù)
撫養 / 抚养 (fǔyǎng)
渡子 (Hakka, to raise a child)
育兒 / 育儿 (yù'ér) (to raise a child)
贍養 / 赡养 (shànyǎng)
邀飼 / 邀饲 (Xiamen Hokkien, Zhangzhou Hokkien)
鞠養 / 鞠养 (jūyǎng) (literary)
養活 / 养活 (yǎnghuo) (colloquial)
養育 / 养育 (yǎngyù)

Pronunciation 2

Mandarin
(Pinyin): gòngyǎng, gòngyàng

(Zhuyin): ㄍㄨㄥˋ ㄧㄤˇ, ㄍㄨㄥˋ ㄧㄤˋ
Cantonese (Jyutping): gung³ joeng⁶ / gung³ joeng⁵

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese, standard in Mainland; variant in Taiwan)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: gòngyǎng
  - Zhuyin: ㄍㄨㄥˋ ㄧㄤˇ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: gòngyǎng
  - Wade–Giles: kung⁴-yang³
  - Yale: gùng-yǎng
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: gonqyeang
  - Palladius: гунъян (gunʺjan)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /kʊŋ⁵¹ jɑŋ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/
- (Standard Chinese, standard in Taiwan)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: gòngyàng
  - Zhuyin: ㄍㄨㄥˋ ㄧㄤˋ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: gòngyàng
  - Wade–Giles: kung⁴-yang⁴
  - Yale: gùng-yàng
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: gonqyanq
  - Palladius: гунъян (gunʺjan)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /kʊŋ⁵¹⁻⁵³ jɑŋ⁵¹/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
  - Jyutping: gung³ joeng⁶ / gung³ joeng⁵
  - Yale: gung yeuhng / gung yéuhng
  - Cantonese Pinyin: gung³ joeng⁶ / gung³ joeng⁵
  - Guangdong Romanization: gung³ yêng⁶ / gung³ yêng⁵
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /kʊŋ³³ jœːŋ²²/, /kʊŋ³³ jœːŋ¹³/

Verb

供養

to give offerings to gods

Japanese

Kanji in this term
供	養
く Grade: 6	よう Grade: 4
on'yomi

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): [kɯ̟jo̞ː]

Noun

供(く)養(よう) • (kuyō)

memorial service for the dead

Derived terms

供(く)養(よう)塔(とう) (kuyōtō)

Verb

供(く)養(よう)する • (kuyō suru) transitive suru (stem 供(く)養(よう)し (kuyō shi), past 供(く)養(よう)した (kuyō shita))

hold a memorial service for a deceased person

Conjugation

Conjugation of "供養する" (See Appendix:Japanese verbs)
Katsuyōkei ("stem forms")
Mizenkei ("imperfective")	供養し	くようし	kuyō shi
Ren’yōkei ("continuative")	供養し	くようし	kuyō shi
Shūshikei ("terminal")	供養する	くようする	kuyō suru
Rentaikei ("attributive")	供養する	くようする	kuyō suru
Kateikei ("hypothetical")	供養すれ	くようすれ	kuyō sure
Meireikei ("imperative")	供養せよ¹ 供養しろ²	くようせよ¹ くようしろ²	kuyō seyo¹ kuyō shiro²
Key constructions
Passive	供養される	くようされる	kuyō sareru
Causative	供養させる供養さす	くようさせるくようさす	kuyō saseru kuyō sasu
Potential	供養できる	くようできる	kuyō dekiru
Volitional	供養しよう	くようしよう	kuyō shiyō
Negative	供養しない	くようしない	kuyō shinai
Negative continuative	供養せず	くようせず	kuyō sezu
Formal	供養します	くようします	kuyō shimasu
Perfective	供養した	くようした	kuyō shita
Conjunctive	供養して	くようして	kuyō shite
Hypothetical conditional	供養すれば	くようすれば	kuyō sureba

¹ Written imperative
² Spoken imperative

References

“供養”, in 漢字ぺディア [Kanjipedia]‎^[1] (in Japanese), The Japan Kanji Aptitude Testing Foundation, 2015–2026

Korean

Hanja in this term
供	養

Noun

供養 • (gong'yang) (hangeul 공양)

hanja form^? of 공양