伸びる

Japanese

Kanji in this term

Grade: S
kun'yomi

Etymology

From the classical upper bigrade verb(バ行上二段活用) のぶ (nobu). Cognate with Japanese ()びる (nobiru).

Pronunciation

  • (Tokyo) [nòbíꜜrù] (Nakadaka – [2])[1]
  • IPA(key): [no̞bʲiɾɯ̟]
  • Tokyo pitch accent of conjugated forms of 伸びる
Plain 伸びる [nòbíꜜrù]
Conjunctive 伸びて びて [nóꜜbìtè]
Perfective 伸びた びた [nóꜜbìtà]
Negative 伸びない ない [nòbíꜜnàì]
Negative perfective 伸びなかった なかった [nòbíꜜnàkàttà]
Hypothetical conditional 伸びれば れば [nòbíꜜrèbà]
Past conditional 伸びたら びたら [nóꜜbìtàrà]
Imperative 伸びろ
伸びよ

[nòbíꜜrò]
[nòbíꜜyò]
Volitional 伸びよう びよ [nòbíyóꜜò]
Desiderative 伸びたい びた [nòbítáꜜì]
Formal 伸びます びま [nòbímáꜜsù]
Formal negative 伸びません びませ [nòbímáséꜜǹ]
Formal volitional 伸びましょう びましょ [nòbímáshóꜜò]
Formal perfective 伸びました びました [nòbímáꜜshìtà]
Continuative 伸び
伸びに

びに
[nóꜜbì]
[nóꜜbì nì]
Negative continuative 伸びず
伸びずに

ずに
[nòbíꜜzù]
[nòbíꜜzù nì]
Passive 伸びられる びられ [nòbíráréꜜrù]
Causative 伸びさせる
伸びさす
びさせ
びさ
[nòbísáséꜜrù]
[nòbísáꜜsù]
Potential 伸びられる
伸びれる
びられ
びれ
[nòbíráréꜜrù]
[nòbíréꜜrù]

Verb

()びる • (nobiruintransitive ichidan (stem () (nobi), past ()びた (nobita))

Japanese verb pair
active 伸ばす
mediopassive 伸びる
Japanese verb pair
active 伸べる
mediopassive 伸びる
  1. to stretch, to extend, to be developed, to grow
  2. (of clothes) to become baggy and loose
  3. (of noodles) to become soft and soggy (from absorbing too much soup)
    (はや)()べない(めん)()ちゃう
    Hayaku tabenai to men ga nobichau yo.
    If you don't eat them quickly the noodles will go soft.
  4. (of online videos) to accumulate views

Conjugation

Conjugation of "伸びる" (See Appendix:Japanese verbs)
Katsuyōkei ("stem forms")
Mizenkei ("imperfective") 伸び のび nobi
Ren’yōkei ("continuative") 伸び のび nobi
Shūshikei ("terminal") 伸びる のびる nobiru
Rentaikei ("attributive") 伸びる のびる nobiru
Kateikei ("hypothetical") 伸びれ のびれ nobire
Meireikei ("imperative") 伸びよ¹
伸びろ²
のびよ¹
のびろ²
nobiyo¹
nobiro²
Key constructions
Passive 伸びられる のびられる nobirareru
Causative 伸びさせる
伸びさす
のびさせる
のびさす
nobisaseru
nobisasu
Potential 伸びられる
伸びれる³
のびられる
のびれる³
nobirareru
nobireru³
Volitional 伸びよう のびよう nobiyō
Negative 伸びない
伸びぬ
伸びん
のびない
のびぬ
のびん
nobinai
nobinu
nobin
Negative continuative 伸びず のびず nobizu
Formal 伸びます のびます nobimasu
Perfective 伸びた のびた nobita
Conjunctive 伸びて のびて nobite
Hypothetical conditional 伸びれば のびれば nobireba

¹ Written imperative
² Spoken imperative
³ Colloquial potential

References

  1. ^ Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN