伸べる

Japanese

Etymology

Kanji in this term

Grade: S
kun'yomi

From Classical Japanese verb のぶ (nobu). Cognate with Japanese ()べる (noberu) and ()べる (noberu).

Pronunciation

  • (Tokyo) [nòbéꜜrù] (Nakadaka – [2])[1]
  • IPA(key): [no̞be̞ɾɯ̟]
  • Tokyo pitch accent of conjugated forms of 伸べる
Plain 伸べる [nòbéꜜrù]
Conjunctive 伸べて べて [nóꜜbètè]
Perfective 伸べた べた [nóꜜbètà]
Negative 伸べない ない [nòbéꜜnàì]
Negative perfective 伸べなかった なかった [nòbéꜜnàkàttà]
Hypothetical conditional 伸べれば れば [nòbéꜜrèbà]
Past conditional 伸べたら べたら [nóꜜbètàrà]
Imperative 伸べろ
伸べよ

[nòbéꜜrò]
[nòbéꜜyò]
Volitional 伸べよう べよ [nòbéyóꜜò]
Desiderative 伸べたい べた [nòbétáꜜì]
Formal 伸べます べま [nòbémáꜜsù]
Formal negative 伸べません べませ [nòbémáséꜜǹ]
Formal volitional 伸べましょう べましょ [nòbémáshóꜜò]
Formal perfective 伸べました べました [nòbémáꜜshìtà]
Continuative 伸べ
伸べに

べに
[nóꜜbè]
[nóꜜbè nì]
Negative continuative 伸べず
伸べずに

ずに
[nòbéꜜzù]
[nòbéꜜzù nì]
Passive 伸べられる べられ [nòbéráréꜜrù]
Causative 伸べさせる
伸べさす
べさせ
べさ
[nòbésáséꜜrù]
[nòbésáꜜsù]
Potential 伸べられる
伸べれる
べられ
べれ
[nòbéráréꜜrù]
[nòbéréꜜrù]

Verb

()べる • (noberutransitive ichidan (stem () (nobe), past ()べた (nobeta))

Japanese verb pair
active 伸べる
mediopassive 伸びる
  1. to lengthen, to extend
    ()()べて(たす)けおこす
    te o nobete tasuke okosu
    to extend hands out and help someone up
  2. to unfold; to deploy
    布団(ふとん)()べる
    futon o noberu
    to unfold the quilt
  3. to flatten shape; to crush
    (あめ)()べる
    ame o noberu
    to flatten the sugar
    (きん)()べる
    kin o noberu
    to beat the gold into leaves
  4. (archaic) to relax

Conjugation

Conjugation of "伸べる" (See Appendix:Japanese verbs)
Katsuyōkei ("stem forms")
Mizenkei ("imperfective") 伸べ のび nobi
Ren’yōkei ("continuative") 伸べ のび nobi
Shūshikei ("terminal") 伸べる のびる nobiru
Rentaikei ("attributive") 伸べる のびる nobiru
Kateikei ("hypothetical") 伸べれ のびれ nobire
Meireikei ("imperative") 伸べよ¹
伸べろ²
のびよ¹
のびろ²
nobiyo¹
nobiro²
Key constructions
Passive 伸べられる のびられる nobirareru
Causative 伸べさせる
伸べさす
のびさせる
のびさす
nobisaseru
nobisasu
Potential 伸べられる
伸べれる³
のびられる
のびれる³
nobirareru
nobireru³
Volitional 伸べよう のびよう nobiyō
Negative 伸べない
伸べぬ
伸べん
のびない
のびぬ
のびん
nobinai
nobinu
nobin
Negative continuative 伸べず のびず nobizu
Formal 伸べます のびます nobimasu
Perfective 伸べた のびた nobita
Conjunctive 伸べて のびて nobite
Hypothetical conditional 伸べれば のびれば nobireba

¹ Written imperative
² Spoken imperative
³ Colloquial potential

Derived terms

References

  1. ^ Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN