सहते

Sanskrit

Alternative scripts

সহতে (Assamese script)
ᬲᬳᬢᬾ (Balinese script)
সহতে (Bengali script)
𑰭𑰮𑰝𑰸 (Bhaiksuki script)
𑀲𑀳𑀢𑁂 (Brahmi script)
သဟတေ (Burmese script)
સહતે (Gujarati script)
ਸਹਤੇ (Gurmukhi script)
𑌸𑌹𑌤𑍇 (Grantha script)
ꦱꦲꦠꦺ (Javanese script)
𑂮𑂯𑂞𑂵 (Kaithi script)
ಸಹತೇ (Kannada script)
សហតេ (Khmer script)
ສຫເຕ (Lao script)
സഹതേ (Malayalam script)
ᠰᠠᡥᠠᢠᡝ (Manchu script)
𑘭𑘮𑘝𑘹 (Modi script)
ᠰᠠᠾᠠᢐᠧ (Mongolian script)
𑧍𑧎𑦽𑧚 (Nandinagari script)
𑐳𑐴𑐟𑐾 (Newa script)
ସହତେ (Odia script)
ꢱꢲꢡꢾ (Saurashtra script)
𑆱𑆲𑆠𑆼 (Sharada script)
𑖭𑖮𑖝𑖸 (Siddham script)
සහතෙ (Sinhalese script)
𑪁𑪂𑩫𑩔 (Soyombo script)
𑚨𑚩𑚙𑚲 (Takri script)
ஸஹதே (Tamil script)
సహతే (Telugu script)
สหเต (Thai script)
ས་ཧ་ཏེ (Tibetan script)
𑒮𑒯𑒞𑒹 (Tirhuta script)
𑨰𑨱𑨙𑨄 (Zanabazar Square script)

Etymology

Etymology tree

Proto-Indo-European *seǵʰ-

Proto-Indo-European *séǵʰeti

Proto-Indo-Iranian *sáȷ́ʰatay

Sanskrit सहते

From Proto-Indo-Aryan *sáźʰatay, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *sáȷ́ʰatay, from Proto-Indo-European *seǵʰ- (“to hold, overpower”). Cognate with Ancient Greek ἔχω (ékhō).

Pronunciation

(Vedic) IPA^(key): /sɐ́.ɦɐ.tɐj/
(Classical Sanskrit) IPA^(key): /s̪ɐ.ɦɐ.t̪eː/

Verb

सह॑ते • (sáhate) third-singular indicative (class 1, type A, present, root सह्)

to overcome, vanquish, conquer, prevail, be victorious
- c. 1500 BCE – 1000 BCE, Ṛgveda
- c. 1200 BCE – 1000 BCE, Atharvaveda
- c. 500 BCE – 100 BCE, Rāmāyaṇa
to be able to or capable of (with infinitive or accusative)
- c. 400 BCE, Mahābhārata
to withstand, bear up against, resist
- c. 1200 BCE – 1000 BCE, Atharvaveda
to bear, put up with, endure, tolerate
- c. 400 BCE, Mahābhārata

Conjugation

Present: सह॑ते (sáhate)
	Active			Mediopassive
	Singular	Dual	Plural	Singular	Dual	Plural
Indicative
Third	- -	- -	- -	सह॑ते sáhate	सहे॑ते sáhete	सह॑न्ते sáhante
Second	- -	- -	- -	सह॑से sáhase	सहे॑थे sáhethe	सह॑ध्वे sáhadhve
First	- -	- -	- -	सहे॑ sáhe	सहा॑वहे sáhāvahe	सहा॑महे sáhāmahe
Imperative
Third	- -	- -	- -	सह॑ताम् sáhatām	सहे॑ताम् sáhetām	सह॑न्ताम् sáhantām
Second	- -	- -	- -	सह॑स्व sáhasva	सहे॑थाम् sáhethām	सह॑ध्वम् sáhadhvam
First	- -	- -	- -	सहै॑ sáhai	सहा॑वहै sáhāvahai	सहा॑महै sáhāmahai
Optative/Potential
Third	- -	- -	- -	सहे॑त sáheta	सहे॑याताम् sáheyātām	सहे॑रन् sáheran
Second	- -	- -	- -	सहे॑थाः sáhethāḥ	सहे॑याथाम् sáheyāthām	सहे॑ध्वम् sáhedhvam
First	- -	- -	- -	सहे॑य sáheya	सहे॑वहि sáhevahi	सहे॑महि sáhemahi
Subjunctive
Third	- -	- -	- -	सहा॑ते / सहा॑तै sáhāte / sáhātai	सहै॑ते sáhaite	सह॑न्त / सहा॑न्तै sáhanta / sáhāntai
Second	- -	- -	- -	सहा॑से / सहा॑सै sáhāse / sáhāsai	सहै॑थे sáhaithe	सहा॑ध्वै sáhādhvai
First	- -	- -	- -	सहै॑ sáhai	सहा॑वहै sáhāvahai	सहा॑महै sáhāmahai
Participles
	- -			सह॑मान sáhamāna
Notes	The subjunctive is only used in Vedic Sanskrit.

Imperfect: अस॑हत (ásahata)
	Active			Mediopassive
	Singular	Dual	Plural	Singular	Dual	Plural
Indicative
Third	- -	- -	- -	अस॑हत ásahata	अस॑हेताम् ásahetām	अस॑हन्त ásahanta
Second	- -	- -	- -	अस॑हथाः ásahathāḥ	अस॑हेथाम् ásahethām	अस॑हध्वम् ásahadhvam
First	- -	- -	- -	अस॑हे ásahe	अस॑हावहि ásahāvahi	अस॑हामहि ásahāmahi

Related terms

साढ (sā́ḍha)
सहस् (sáhas)
सीक्षते (sī́kṣate)
साढृ (sā́ḍhṛ)
साळ्हृ (sā́ḷhṛ)

Descendants

Pali: sahati
Prakrit: 𑀲𑀳𑀇 (sahaï) (see there for further descendants)

Borrowed terms

→ Kannada: ಸಹಿಸು (sahisu)
→ Tamil: சகி (caki)
→ Telugu: సహించు (sahiñcu)

References

Monier Williams (1899), “सहते”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, […], new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 1192, column 3.