Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/séǵʰeti

This Proto-Indo-European entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Indo-European

Etymology

    Thematic root present of *seǵʰ-.

    Verb

    *séǵʰeti (imperfective)[1][2][3]

    1. to overpower, take hold of

    Conjugation

    Imperfective, thematic
    3rd singular *séǵʰeti
    3rd plural *séǵʰonti
    Active voice Present indicative Past indicative Imperative Subjunctive Optative
    1st singular *séǵʰoh₂ *séǵʰom *séǵʰōh₂ *séǵʰoyh₁m̥
    2nd singular *séǵʰesi *séǵʰes *séǵʰe *séǵʰēsi *séǵʰoys
    3rd singular *séǵʰeti *séǵʰet *séǵʰetu *séǵʰēti *séǵʰoyt
    1st dual *séǵʰowos *séǵʰowe *séǵʰōwos *séǵʰoywe
    2nd dual *séǵʰetes *séǵʰetom *séǵʰetom *séǵʰētes *séǵʰoytom
    3rd dual *séǵʰetes *séǵʰetām *séǵʰetām *séǵʰētes *séǵʰoytām
    1st plural *séǵʰomos *séǵʰome *séǵʰōmos *séǵʰoyme
    2nd plural *séǵʰete *séǵʰete *séǵʰete *séǵʰēte *séǵʰoyte
    3rd plural *séǵʰonti *séǵʰont *séǵʰontu *séǵʰōnti *séǵʰoyh₁n̥t
    Participle *séǵʰonts
    Middle voice Present indicative Past indicative Imperative Subjunctive Optative
    1st singular *séǵʰoh₂er *séǵʰoh₂e *séǵʰōh₂er *séǵʰoyh₂e
    2nd singular *séǵʰeth₂er *séǵʰeth₂e *séǵʰeso *séǵʰēth₂er *séǵʰoyth₂e
    3rd singular *séǵʰetor *séǵʰeto *? *séǵʰētor *séǵʰoyto, *séǵʰoyh₁o
    1st dual *séǵʰowosdʰh₂ *séǵʰowedʰh₂ *séǵʰōwosdʰh₂ *séǵʰoywedʰh₂
    2nd dual *? *? *? *? *?
    3rd dual *? *? *? *? *?
    1st plural *séǵʰomosdʰh₂ *séǵʰomedʰh₂ *séǵʰōmosdʰh₂ *séǵʰoymedʰh₂
    2nd plural *séǵʰedʰh₂we *séǵʰedʰh₂we *séǵʰedʰh₂we *séǵʰēdʰh₂we *séǵʰoydʰh₂we
    3rd plural *séǵʰontor *séǵʰonto *? *séǵʰōntor *séǵʰoyro
    Participle *séǵʰomnos

    Descendants

    • Proto-Hellenic: *hékʰō (see there for further descendants)
    • Proto-Indo-Iranian: *sáȷ́ʰatay (see there for further descendants)

    References

    1. ^ Rix, Helmut, editor (2001), “*seg̑ʰ-”, in Lexikon der indogermanischen Verben [Lexicon of Indo-European Verbs] (in German), 2nd edition, Wiesbaden: Dr. Ludwig Reichert Verlag, →ISBN, pages 515-516
    2. ^ Villanueva Svensson, Miguel (2021), “The origin of the Indo-European simple thematic presents: The nominal connection”, in Indo-European Linguistics, volume 9, number 1, →DOI, →ISSN, page 283 of 264–292
    3. ^ Mayrhofer, Manfred (1996), “SAH”, in Etymologisches Wörterbuch des Altindoarischen [Etymological Dictionary of Old Indo-Aryan]‎[1] (in German), volume II, Heidelberg: Carl Winter Universitätsverlag, pages 717-718