शी
Sanskrit
Alternative scripts
Alternative scripts
- শী (Assamese script)
- ᬰᬷ (Balinese script)
- শী (Bengali script)
- 𑰫𑰱 (Bhaiksuki script)
- 𑀰𑀻 (Brahmi script)
- ၐီ (Burmese script)
- શી (Gujarati script)
- ਸ਼ੀ (Gurmukhi script)
- 𑌶𑍀 (Grantha script)
- ꦯꦷ (Javanese script)
- 𑂬𑂲 (Kaithi script)
- ಶೀ (Kannada script)
- ឝី (Khmer script)
- ຨີ (Lao script)
- ശീ (Malayalam script)
- ᡧᡳᡳ (Manchu script)
- 𑘫𑘲 (Modi script)
- ᠱᠢᠢ (Mongolian script)
- 𑧋𑧓 (Nandinagari script)
- 𑐱𑐷 (Newa script)
- ଶୀ (Odia script)
- ꢯꢷ (Saurashtra script)
- 𑆯𑆵 (Sharada script)
- 𑖫𑖱 (Siddham script)
- ශී (Sinhalese script)
- 𑩿𑩑𑩛 (Soyombo script)
- 𑚧𑚯 (Takri script)
- ஶீ (Tamil script)
- శీ (Telugu script)
- ศี (Thai script)
- ཤཱི (Tibetan script)
- 𑒬𑒲 (Tirhuta script)
- 𑨮𑨁𑨊 (Zanabazar Square script)
Pronunciation
- (Vedic) IPA(key): /ɕiː/
- (Classical Sanskrit) IPA(key): /ɕiː/
Etymology 1
Etymology tree
Proto-Indo-European *ḱey-
Sanskrit शी
From Proto-Indo-European *ḱey- (“to lie down, settle”).[1][2]
Alternative forms
- शय् (śay)
Root
शी • (śī)[3]
Derived terms
Primary verbal forms
Secondary forms
- श॒य्यते॑ (śayyáte, passive)
- अशा॑यि (áśāyi, passive aorist)
- शा॒यय॑ति (śāyáyati, causative)
- अशी॑शयत् (áśīśayat, causative aorist)
- शिशयिषते (śiśayiṣate, desiderative)
- शाशय्यते (śāśayyate, intensive)
- शेशेति (śeśeti, intensive)
Non-finite forms
- शयित (śayita, past participle)
- शयितुम् (śayitum, infinitive)
- श॒यि॒त्वा (śayitvā́, gerund)
- शय्य (śayya, gerund)
- शयितव्य (śayitavya, gerundive)
- शयनीय (śayanīya, gerundive)
- शिशयिषु (śiśayiṣu, desiderative participle)
Derived nominal forms
Prefixed root forms
- अतिशी (atiśī)
- अधिशी (adhiśī)
- अनुशी (anuśī)
- अभिशी (abhiśī)
- आशी (āśī)
- उच्छी (ucchī)
- उपशी (upaśī)
- निःशी (niḥśī)
- परिशी (pariśī)
- प्रतिशी (pratiśī)
- संशी (saṃśī)
Sanskrit terms belonging to the root शी (0 c, 11 e)
Terms derived from the Sanskrit root शी (3 c, 0 e)
Adjective
शी • (śī) stem (root शी)
Declension
| singular | dual | plural | |
|---|---|---|---|
| nominative | शीः (śīḥ) | शियौ (śiyau) | शियः (śiyaḥ) |
| accusative | शियम् (śiyam) | शियौ (śiyau) | शियः (śiyaḥ) |
| instrumental | शिया (śiyā) | शीभ्याम् (śībhyām) | शीभिः (śībhiḥ) |
| dative | शिये (śiye) शियै¹ (śiyai¹) |
शीभ्याम् (śībhyām) | शीभ्यः (śībhyaḥ) |
| ablative | शियः (śiyaḥ) शियाः¹ (śiyāḥ¹) शियै² (śiyai²) |
शीभ्याम् (śībhyām) | शीभ्यः (śībhyaḥ) |
| genitive | शियः (śiyaḥ) शियाः¹ (śiyāḥ¹) शियै² (śiyai²) |
शियोः (śiyoḥ) | शियाम् (śiyām) शीनाम्¹ (śīnām¹) |
| locative | शियि (śiyi) शियाम्¹ (śiyām¹) |
शियोः (śiyoḥ) | शीषु (śīṣu) |
| vocative | शीः (śīḥ) | शियौ (śiyau) | शियः (śiyaḥ) |
- ¹Later Sanskrit
- ²Brāhmaṇas
| singular | dual | plural | |
|---|---|---|---|
| nominative | शीः (śīḥ) | शियौ (śiyau) | शियः (śiyaḥ) |
| accusative | शियम् (śiyam) | शियौ (śiyau) | शियः (śiyaḥ) |
| instrumental | शिया (śiyā) | शीभ्याम् (śībhyām) | शीभिः (śībhiḥ) |
| dative | शिये (śiye) शियै¹ (śiyai¹) |
शीभ्याम् (śībhyām) | शीभ्यः (śībhyaḥ) |
| ablative | शियः (śiyaḥ) शियाः¹ (śiyāḥ¹) शियै² (śiyai²) |
शीभ्याम् (śībhyām) | शीभ्यः (śībhyaḥ) |
| genitive | शियः (śiyaḥ) शियाः¹ (śiyāḥ¹) शियै² (śiyai²) |
शियोः (śiyoḥ) | शियाम् (śiyām) शीनाम्¹ (śīnām¹) |
| locative | शियि (śiyi) शियाम्¹ (śiyām¹) |
शियोः (śiyoḥ) | शीषु (śīṣu) |
| vocative | शीः (śīḥ) | शियौ (śiyau) | शियः (śiyaḥ) |
- ¹Later Sanskrit
- ²Brāhmaṇas
| singular | dual | plural | |
|---|---|---|---|
| nominative | शीः (śīḥ) | शियौ (śiyau) | शियः (śiyaḥ) |
| accusative | शियम् (śiyam) | शियौ (śiyau) | शियः (śiyaḥ) |
| instrumental | शिया (śiyā) | शीभ्याम् (śībhyām) | शीभिः (śībhiḥ) |
| dative | शिये (śiye) शियै¹ (śiyai¹) |
शीभ्याम् (śībhyām) | शीभ्यः (śībhyaḥ) |
| ablative | शियः (śiyaḥ) शियाः¹ (śiyāḥ¹) शियै² (śiyai²) |
शीभ्याम् (śībhyām) | शीभ्यः (śībhyaḥ) |
| genitive | शियः (śiyaḥ) शियाः¹ (śiyāḥ¹) शियै² (śiyai²) |
शियोः (śiyoḥ) | शियाम् (śiyām) शीनाम्¹ (śīnām¹) |
| locative | शियि (śiyi) शियाम्¹ (śiyām¹) |
शियोः (śiyoḥ) | शीषु (śīṣu) |
| vocative | शीः (śīḥ) | शियौ (śiyau) | शियः (śiyaḥ) |
- ¹Later Sanskrit
- ²Brāhmaṇas
Noun
शी • (śī) stem, f (root शी)
Declension
| singular | dual | plural | |
|---|---|---|---|
| nominative | शीः (śīḥ) | शियौ (śiyau) | शियः (śiyaḥ) |
| accusative | शियम् (śiyam) | शियौ (śiyau) | शियः (śiyaḥ) |
| instrumental | शिया (śiyā) | शीभ्याम् (śībhyām) | शीभिः (śībhiḥ) |
| dative | शिये (śiye) शियै¹ (śiyai¹) |
शीभ्याम् (śībhyām) | शीभ्यः (śībhyaḥ) |
| ablative | शियः (śiyaḥ) शियाः¹ (śiyāḥ¹) शियै² (śiyai²) |
शीभ्याम् (śībhyām) | शीभ्यः (śībhyaḥ) |
| genitive | शियः (śiyaḥ) शियाः¹ (śiyāḥ¹) शियै² (śiyai²) |
शियोः (śiyoḥ) | शियाम् (śiyām) शीनाम्¹ (śīnām¹) |
| locative | शियि (śiyi) शियाम्¹ (śiyām¹) |
शियोः (śiyoḥ) | शीषु (śīṣu) |
| vocative | शीः (śīḥ) | शियौ (śiyau) | शियः (śiyaḥ) |
- ¹Later Sanskrit
- ²Brāhmaṇas
Etymology 2
Of uncertain origin. The root has been brought into a suppletive relationship with शत् (śat, “to hew”) and शद् (śad, “to fall, fall off”), with older theories entertaining a possible relation with either root, particularly शत् (śat), but this is uncertain. Other theories linking the root to श्यै (śyai, “to congeal, freeze”) have caused controversy.[2][4][5] That said, it appears feasible that the root is a semantic extension of the "lie down" sense of Etymology 1.
Alternative forms
- शीय् (śīy)
Root
शी • (śī)[6]
Derived terms
- शीयते (śīyate)
References
- ^ Mayrhofer, Manfred (1996), “ŚAYI”, in Etymologisches Wörterbuch des Altindoarischen [Etymological Dictionary of Old Indo-Aryan][1] (in German), volume 2, Heidelberg: Carl Winter Universitätsverlag, page 613
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 Mayrhofer, Manfred (1996), “ŚĪ”, in Etymologisches Wörterbuch des Altindoarischen [Etymological Dictionary of Old Indo-Aryan][2] (in German), volume 2, Heidelberg: Carl Winter Universitätsverlag, page 642
- ^ William Dwight Whitney (1885), The Roots, Verb-forms, and Primary Derivatives of the Sanskrit Language, Leipzig: Breitkopf and Härtel, page 174
- ^ Mayrhofer, Manfred (1996), “śiyo”, in Etymologisches Wörterbuch des Altindoarischen [Etymological Dictionary of Old Indo-Aryan][3] (in German), volume 2, Heidelberg: Carl Winter Universitätsverlag, page 643
- ^ Mayrhofer, Manfred (1976), “śī́yate”, in Kurzgefasstes Etymologisches Wörterbuch des Altindischen [A Concise Etymological Sanskrit Dictionary][4] (in German), volume 3, Heidelberg: Carl Winter Universitätsverlag, page 350
- ^ William Dwight Whitney (1885), The Roots, Verb-forms, and Primary Derivatives of the Sanskrit Language, Leipzig: Breitkopf and Härtel, page 173
Further reading
- Monier Williams (1899), “शी”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, […], new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 1077, column 1.