शत

See also: शांत

Hindi

Etymology

Borrowed from Sanskrit शत (śata). Doublet of सौ (sau) and सद (sad).

Pronunciation

Numeral

शत • (śat) (cardinal)

  1. (literary) hundred
    Synonyms: सौ (sau), (poetic) सद (sad)

Derived terms

References

Sanskrit

Sanskrit numbers (edit)
 ←  90 [a], [b], [c] ←  99 १००
100 		1,000  →  100,000  → 
10
    Cardinal: शत (śata)
    Ordinal: शततम (śatatama)
    Multiplier: शतधा (śatadhā)
    Distributive: शतशस् (śataśas)

Alternative scripts

Alternative scripts
  • শত (Assamese script)
  • ᬰᬢ (Balinese script)
  • শত (Bengali script)
  • 𑰫𑰝 (Bhaiksuki script)
  • 𑀰𑀢 (Brahmi script)
  • ၐတ (Burmese script)
  • શત (Gujarati script)
  • ਸ਼ਤ (Gurmukhi script)
  • 𑌶𑌤 (Grantha script)
  • ꦯꦠ (Javanese script)
  • 𑂬𑂞 (Kaithi script)
  • ಶತ (Kannada script)
  • ឝត (Khmer script)
  • ຨຕ (Lao script)
  • ശത (Malayalam script)
  • ᡧᠠᢠᠠ (Manchu script)
  • 𑘫𑘝 (Modi script)
  • ᠱᠠᢐᠠ᠋ (Mongolian script)
  • 𑧋𑦽 (Nandinagari script)
  • 𑐱𑐟 (Newa script)
  • ଶତ (Odia script)
  • ꢯꢡ (Saurashtra script)
  • 𑆯𑆠 (Sharada script)
  • 𑖫𑖝 (Siddham script)
  • ශත (Sinhalese script)
  • 𑩿𑩫 (Soyombo script)
  • 𑚧𑚙 (Takri script)
  • ஶத (Tamil script)
  • శత (Telugu script)
  • ศต (Thai script)
  • ཤ་ཏ (Tibetan script)
  • 𑒬𑒞 (Tirhuta script)
  • 𑨮𑨙 (Zanabazar Square script)

Etymology

Etymology tree
Proto-Indo-European *déḱm̥t
Proto-Indo-European *ḱm̥tóm
Proto-Indo-Iranian *ćatám
Sanskrit शत

    From Proto-Indo-Iranian *ćatám (“hundred”), from Proto-Indo-European *ḱm̥tóm (“hundred”).[1] Cognate with Avestan 𐬯𐬀𐬙𐬀 (sata), Ancient Greek ἑκατόν (hekatón), Latin centum, Tocharian A känt, English hund-red.

    Pronunciation

    Numeral

    शत • (śatá) n, rarely m, at the end of a compound f(ī)

    1. hundred
      • c. 1500 BCE – 1000 BCE, Ṛgveda 1.48.7:
        ए॒षायु॑क्त परा॒वतः॒ सूर्य॑स्यो॒दय॑ना॒दधि॑।
        श॒तं रथे॑भिः सु॒भगो॒षा इ॒यं वि या॑त्य॒भि मानु॑षान्॥
        eṣā́yukta parāvátaḥ sū́ryasyodáyanādádhi.
        śatáṃ ráthebhiḥ subhágoṣā́ iyáṃ ví yātyabhí mā́nuṣān.
        This auspicious Uṣas has harnessed (her vehicles) from afar, above the rising of the sun; and she comes gloriously upon man, with a hundred chariots.
    2. any very large number

    Declension

    Neuter a-stem declension of श॒त
    singular dual plural
    nominative श॒तम् (śatám) श॒ते (śaté) श॒तानि॑ (śatā́ni)
    श॒ता¹ (śatā́¹)
    accusative श॒तम् (śatám) श॒ते (śaté) श॒तानि॑ (śatā́ni)
    श॒ता¹ (śatā́¹)
    instrumental श॒तेन॑ (śaténa) श॒ताभ्या॑म् (śatā́bhyām) श॒तैः (śatáiḥ)
    श॒तेभिः॑¹ (śatébhiḥ¹)
    dative श॒ताय॑ (śatā́ya) श॒ताभ्या॑म् (śatā́bhyām) श॒तेभ्यः॑ (śatébhyaḥ)
    ablative श॒तात् (śatā́t) श॒ताभ्या॑म् (śatā́bhyām) श॒तेभ्यः॑ (śatébhyaḥ)
    genitive श॒तस्य॑ (śatásya) श॒तयोः॑ (śatáyoḥ) श॒ताना॑म् (śatā́nām)
    locative श॒ते (śaté) श॒तयोः॑ (śatáyoḥ) श॒तेषु॑ (śatéṣu)
    vocative शत॑ (śáta) शते॑ (śáte) शता॑नि (śátāni)
    शता॑¹ (śátā¹)
    • ¹Vedic
    Masculine a-stem declension of श॒त
    singular dual plural
    nominative श॒तः (śatáḥ) श॒तौ (śatáu)
    श॒ता¹ (śatā́¹)     		श॒ताः (śatā́ḥ)
    श॒तासः॑¹ (śatā́saḥ¹)
    accusative श॒तम् (śatám) श॒तौ (śatáu)
    श॒ता¹ (śatā́¹)     		श॒तान् (śatā́n)
    instrumental श॒तेन॑ (śaténa) श॒ताभ्या॑म् (śatā́bhyām) श॒तैः (śatáiḥ)
    श॒तेभिः॑¹ (śatébhiḥ¹)
    dative श॒ताय॑ (śatā́ya) श॒ताभ्या॑म् (śatā́bhyām) श॒तेभ्यः॑ (śatébhyaḥ)
    ablative श॒तात् (śatā́t) श॒ताभ्या॑म् (śatā́bhyām) श॒तेभ्यः॑ (śatébhyaḥ)
    genitive श॒तस्य॑ (śatásya) श॒तयोः॑ (śatáyoḥ) श॒ताना॑म् (śatā́nām)
    locative श॒ते (śaté) श॒तयोः॑ (śatáyoḥ) श॒तेषु॑ (śatéṣu)
    vocative शत॑ (śáta) शतौ॑ (śátau)
    शता॑¹ (śátā¹)     		शताः॑ (śátāḥ)
    शता॑सः¹ (śátāsaḥ¹)
    • ¹Vedic
    Feminine ī-stem declension of शती
    singular dual plural
    nominative शती (śatī) शत्यौ (śatyau)
    शती¹ (śatī¹)     		शत्यः (śatyaḥ)
    शतीः¹ (śatīḥ¹)
    accusative शतीम् (śatīm) शत्यौ (śatyau)
    शती¹ (śatī¹)     		शतीः (śatīḥ)
    instrumental शत्या (śatyā) शतीभ्याम् (śatībhyām) शतीभिः (śatībhiḥ)
    dative शत्यै (śatyai) शतीभ्याम् (śatībhyām) शतीभ्यः (śatībhyaḥ)
    ablative शत्याः (śatyāḥ)
    शत्यै² (śatyai²)     		शतीभ्याम् (śatībhyām) शतीभ्यः (śatībhyaḥ)
    genitive शत्याः (śatyāḥ)
    शत्यै² (śatyai²)     		शत्योः (śatyoḥ) शतीनाम् (śatīnām)
    locative शत्याम् (śatyām) शत्योः (śatyoḥ) शतीषु (śatīṣu)
    vocative शति (śati) शत्यौ (śatyau)
    शती¹ (śatī¹)     		शत्यः (śatyaḥ)
    शतीः¹ (śatīḥ¹)
    • ¹Vedic
    • ²Brāhmaṇas

    Descendants

    • Ashokan Prakrit: 𑀲𑀢 (sata)
      • Ardhamagadhi Prakrit: 𑀲𑀬 (saya)
      • Helu Prakrit: 𑀲𑀢 (sata), *𑀲𑀬 (*saya)
        • Dhivehi: ހިއަ (hia) (dialectal, archaic)
        • Sinhalese: සිය (siya)
      • Magadhi Prakrit: 𑀰𑀤 (śada)
      • Maharastri Prakrit: 𑀲𑀅 (saa)
        • Konkani:
          Devanagari script: -शे (-śe)
          Kannada script: -ಶೆ (-śe)
          Latin script: -xem
        • Old Marathi:
          Devanagari script: श्ये (śye), सें (seṃ)
          Modi script: 𑘫𑘿𑘧𑘹 (śye), 𑘭𑘹𑘽 (seṃ)
      • Sauraseni Prakrit: 𑀲𑀤 (sada)
    • Dardic:
    • → Old Javanese: śata
    • Pali: sata
    • → Bengali: শত (śot)
    • → Hindi: शत (śat)
    • → Tamil: சதம் (catam)
    • → Telugu: శతము (śatamu) (learned)
    • →⇒ Dhivehi: ސަތޭކަ (satēka)
    • → Thai: ศต (sòt)

    References

    1. ^ Mayrhofer, Manfred (1996), “śatá-”, in Etymologisches Wörterbuch des Altindoarischen [Etymological Dictionary of Old Indo-Aryan]‎[1] (in German), volume 2, Heidelberg: Carl Winter Universitätsverlag, page 606

    Further reading

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