यत्
Sanskrit
Alternative scripts
Alternative scripts
- যত্ (Assamese script)
- ᬬᬢ᭄ (Balinese script)
- যত্ (Bengali script)
- 𑰧𑰝𑰿 (Bhaiksuki script)
- 𑀬𑀢𑁆 (Brahmi script)
- ယတ် (Burmese script)
- યત્ (Gujarati script)
- ਯਤ੍ (Gurmukhi script)
- 𑌯𑌤𑍍 (Grantha script)
- ꦪꦠ꧀ (Javanese script)
- 𑂨𑂞𑂹 (Kaithi script)
- ಯತ್ (Kannada script)
- យត៑ (Khmer script)
- ຍຕ຺ (Lao script)
- യത് (Malayalam script)
- ᠶᠠᢠ (Manchu script)
- 𑘧𑘝𑘿 (Modi script)
- ᠶ᠋ᠠᢐ (Mongolian script)
- 𑧇𑦽𑧠 (Nandinagari script)
- 𑐫𑐟𑑂 (Newa script)
- ଯତ୍ (Odia script)
- ꢫꢡ꣄ (Saurashtra script)
- 𑆪𑆠𑇀 (Sharada script)
- 𑖧𑖝𑖿 (Siddham script)
- යත් (Sinhalese script)
- 𑩻𑩫 𑪙 (Soyombo script)
- 𑚣𑚙𑚶 (Takri script)
- யத் (Tamil script)
- యత్ (Telugu script)
- ยตฺ (Thai script)
- ཡ་ཏ྄ (Tibetan script)
- 𑒨𑒞𑓂 (Tirhuta script)
- 𑨪𑨙𑨴 (Zanabazar Square script)
Pronunciation
- (Vedic) IPA(key): /jɐt/
- (Classical Sanskrit) IPA(key): /jɐt̪/
Etymology 1
From Proto-Indo-Iranian *yat- (“to reach, take position”), from Proto-Indo-European *yet- (“to bring, conform, support”); cognate with Persian فریاد (faryâd, “cry, shout”), Tocharian A yät- (“to adorn”), and possibly Latin nītor (“support oneself, brace oneself”) and Ancient Greek ὅσιος (hósios, “just, fair”).
Root
यत् • (yat)
- to place in order, marshal, join, connect
- to keep pace, be in line, rival or vie with
- (middle voice) to join, associate with, march or fly together or in line
- (middle voice) to conform or comply with
- (middle voice) to meet, encounter (in battle)
- (middle voice) to seek to join one's self with, make for, tend towards
- (middle voice) to endeavour to reach, strive after, be eager or anxious for
- (middle voice) to exert one's self, take pains, endeavour, make effort, persevere, be cautious or watchful
- (middle voice) to be prepared for
- (causative) to join, unite, attach to
- (causative) to cause to fight
- (causative) to strive to obtain anything
- (causative) to requite, return, reward or punish, reprove
- (causative) to surrender or yield up anything to
- (causative) to distress, torture, vex, annoy
Derived terms
Primary verbal forms
- यत॑ति (yátati, present)
- य॒ति॒ष्यति॑ (yatiṣyáti, future)
- अय॑तिष्ट (áyatiṣṭa, aorist)
- ये॒ते (yeté, perfect)
Secondary forms
- या॒तय॑ति (yātáyati, causative)
- अयी॑यतत् (áyīyatat, causative aorist)
- या॒त्यते॑ (yātyáte, passive of causative)
- यियतिषते (yiyatiṣate, desiderative)
- यायत्यते (yāyatyate, intensive)
- यायत्ति (yāyatti, intensive)
Non-finite forms
- य॒त्त (yattá, past participle)
- यतित (yatita, past participle)
- यतितुम् (yatitum, infinitive)
- यतितव्य (yatitavya, gerundive)
- यतनीय (yatanīya, gerundive)
Derived nominal forms
- यत्न (yatna)
- यातन (yātana)
Prefixed root forms
- आयत् (āyat)
- परियत् (pariyat)
- प्रयत् (prayat)
- वियत् (viyat)
- संयत् (saṃyat)
Sanskrit terms belonging to the root यत् (0 c, 2 e)
Terms derived from the Sanskrit root यत् (4 c, 0 e)
References
- Monier Williams (1899), “यत्”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, […], new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 840, column 3.
- William Dwight Whitney (1885), The Roots, Verb-forms, and Primary Derivatives of the Sanskrit Language, Leipzig: Breitkopf and Härtel, page 129
- Hellwig, Oliver (2010–2026), “yat”, in DCS - The Digital Corpus of Sanskrit, Berlin, Germany.
- Mayrhofer, Manfred (1996), “YAT”, in Etymologisches Wörterbuch des Altindoarischen [Etymological Dictionary of Old Indo-Aryan][1] (in German), volume 2, Heidelberg: Carl Winter Universitätsverlag, pages 394-5
- Lubotsky, Alexander (2011), “yat”, in The Indo-Aryan Inherited Lexicon (in progress) (Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Project), Leiden University, pages 612-3
- Cheung, Johnny (2007), “*i̯at”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Iranian Verb (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 2), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, pages 214-5
Etymology 2
See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.
Pronoun
यत् • (yát)
- nominative/accusative singular neuter of यद् (yád)
Etymology 3
See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.
Participle
यत् • (yát) present active participle (root इ)
Declension
| singular | dual | plural | |
|---|---|---|---|
| nominative | यन् (yán) | यन्तौ॑ (yántau) यन्ता॑¹ (yántā¹) |
यन्तः॑ (yántaḥ) |
| accusative | यन्त॑म् (yántam) | यन्तौ॑ (yántau) यन्ता॑¹ (yántā¹) |
य॒तः (yatáḥ) |
| instrumental | य॒ता (yatā́) | यद्भ्या॑म् (yádbhyām) | यद्भिः॑ (yádbhiḥ) |
| dative | य॒ते (yaté) | यद्भ्या॑म् (yádbhyām) | यद्भ्यः॑ (yádbhyaḥ) |
| ablative | य॒तः (yatáḥ) | यद्भ्या॑म् (yádbhyām) | यद्भ्यः॑ (yádbhyaḥ) |
| genitive | य॒तः (yatáḥ) | य॒तोः (yatóḥ) | य॒ताम् (yatā́m) |
| locative | य॒ति (yatí) | य॒तोः (yatóḥ) | यत्सु॑ (yátsu) |
| vocative | यन् (yán) | यन्तौ॑ (yántau) यन्ता॑¹ (yántā¹) |
यन्तः॑ (yántaḥ) |
- ¹Vedic
| singular | dual | plural | |
|---|---|---|---|
| nominative | य॒ती (yatī́) | य॒त्यौ॑ (yatyàu) य॒ती¹ (yatī́¹) |
य॒त्यः॑ (yatyàḥ) य॒तीः¹ (yatī́ḥ¹) |
| accusative | य॒तीम् (yatī́m) | य॒त्यौ॑ (yatyàu) य॒ती¹ (yatī́¹) |
य॒तीः (yatī́ḥ) |
| instrumental | य॒त्या (yatyā́) | य॒तीभ्या॑म् (yatī́bhyām) | य॒तीभिः॑ (yatī́bhiḥ) |
| dative | य॒त्यै (yatyái) | य॒तीभ्या॑म् (yatī́bhyām) | य॒तीभ्यः॑ (yatī́bhyaḥ) |
| ablative | य॒त्याः (yatyā́ḥ) य॒त्यै² (yatyái²) |
य॒तीभ्या॑म् (yatī́bhyām) | य॒तीभ्यः॑ (yatī́bhyaḥ) |
| genitive | य॒त्याः (yatyā́ḥ) य॒त्यै² (yatyái²) |
य॒त्योः (yatyóḥ) | य॒तीना॑म् (yatī́nām) |
| locative | य॒त्याम् (yatyā́m) | य॒त्योः (yatyóḥ) | य॒तीषु॑ (yatī́ṣu) |
| vocative | यति॑ (yáti) | यत्यौ॑ (yátyau) यती॑¹ (yátī¹) |
यत्यः॑ (yátyaḥ) यतीः॑¹ (yátīḥ¹) |
- ¹Vedic
- ²Brāhmaṇas
| singular | dual | plural | |
|---|---|---|---|
| nominative | यत् (yát) | यन्ती॑ (yántī) | यन्ति॑ (yánti) |
| accusative | यत् (yát) | यन्ती॑ (yántī) | यन्ति॑ (yánti) |
| instrumental | य॒ता (yatā́) | यद्भ्या॑म् (yádbhyām) | यद्भिः॑ (yádbhiḥ) |
| dative | य॒ते (yaté) | यद्भ्या॑म् (yádbhyām) | यद्भ्यः॑ (yádbhyaḥ) |
| ablative | य॒तः (yatáḥ) | यद्भ्या॑म् (yádbhyām) | यद्भ्यः॑ (yádbhyaḥ) |
| genitive | य॒तः (yatáḥ) | य॒तोः (yatóḥ) | य॒ताम् (yatā́m) |
| locative | य॒ति (yatí) | य॒तोः (yatóḥ) | यत्सु॑ (yátsu) |
| vocative | यत् (yát) | यन्ती॑ (yántī) | यन्ति॑ (yánti) |