मास

See also: मस्, मास्, माँस, मांस, मांसं, मासु, मासा, मौसी, मूसा, and मिस

Hindi

Etymology

Etymology tree

Proto-Indo-European *meh₁-?

Proto-Indo-European *mḗh₁n̥s

Proto-Indo-Iranian *mā́Has

Sanskrit मास् (mā́s)

Sanskrit मास॑ (mā́sa)

Prakrit 𑀫𑀸𑀲 (māsa)

▲

Sanskrit मास॑ (mā́sa)lbor.

Hindi मास

Inherited from Prakrit 𑀫𑀸𑀲 (māsa),^[1] and in formal senses a learned borrowing from Sanskrit मास॑ (mā́sa, “moon, month”). Doublet of माह (māh) and महीना (mahīnā), both Persian loans.

Pronunciation

(Standard Hindi) IPA^(key): /mɑːs/, [mäːs]

Noun

मास • (mās) m (Urdu spelling ماس)

a month
Synonyms: माह (māh), महीना (mahīnā)
(less common) moon
Synonyms: चाँद (cā̃d), चंद्रमा (candramā)

Declension

Declension of *मास* (masc cons-stem)
	singular	plural
direct	मास mās	मास mās
oblique	मास mās	मासों māsõ
vocative	मास mās	मासो māso

Derived terms

मासक (māsak, “month”)
मासकालिक (māskālik, “monthly”)
मासचारिक (māscārik, “to be done for a month”)
मासजात (māsjāt, “one-month old”)
मासदेय (māsdey, “paid in a month”)
मासपत्र (māspatra, “monthly horoscope”)
मासपाक (māspāk, “maturing in a month”)
मासप्रमित (māsapramit, “new moon”)
मासप्रवेश (māsapraveś, “start of the month”)
मासफल (māsphal, “monthly horoscope”)
मासभृत (māsbhŕt, “paid monthly”)
मासमान (māsmān, “year”)
मासल (māsal, “year”)
मासांत (māsānt, “end of the month”)
मासिक (māsik, “monthly”)
मासीन (māsīn, “for a month”)

References

^ Turner, Ralph Lilley (1969–1985), “mā́sa”, in A Comparative Dictionary of the Indo-Aryan Languages, London: Oxford University Press, page 581

Konkani

Etymology

From Sanskrit मांस (māṃsa).

Noun

मास • (mās) (Latin script mas, Kannada script ಮಾಸ್)

flesh, meat

Marathi

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /mas/
Audio: (file)
Hyphenation: मास
Rhymes: -as

Etymology 1

Inherited from Old Marathi 𑘦𑘰𑘭 (māsa, “flesh, meat”), from Maharastri Prakrit 𑀫𑀸𑀲 (māsa, “flesh, meat”), from Sanskrit मांस (māṃsa, “flesh, meat”). Doublet of मांस (māusa).

Noun

मास • (mās) n

flesh, meat
Synonym: मांस (māusa)

Declension

Declension of मास (neut cons-stem)
direct singular	मास mās
direct plural	मासे, मासं māse, māsa
	singular एकवचन	plural अनेकवचन
nominative प्रथमा	मास mās	मासे, मासं māse, māsa
oblique सामान्यरूप	मासा māsā	मासां- māsān-
acc. / dative द्वितीया / चतुर्थी	मासाला māsālā	मासांना māsānnā
ergative	मासाने, मासानं māsāne, māsāna	मासांनी māsānnī
instrumental	मासाशी māsāśī	मासांशी māsānśī
locative सप्तमी	मासात māsāt	मासांत māsāt
vocative संबोधन	मासा māsā	मासांनो māsānno
Oblique Note: The oblique case precedes all postpositions. There is no space between the stem and the postposition. Locative Note: -त (-ta) is a postposition.

Genitive declension of मास (neut cons-stem)
	masculine object पुल्लिंगी कर्म		feminine object स्त्रीलिंगी कर्म		neuter object नपुसकलिंगी कर्म		oblique सामान्यरूप
	singular एकवचन	plural अनेकवचन	singular एकवचन	plural अनेकवचन	singular^* एकवचन	plural अनेकवचन	oblique सामान्यरूप
singular subject एकवचनी कर्ता	मासाचा māsāċā	मासाचे māsāċe	मासाची māsācī	मासाच्या māsācā	मासाचे, मासाचं māsāċe, māsāċa	मासाची māsācī	मासाच्या māsācā
plural subject अनेकवचनी कर्ता	मासांचा māsānċā	मासांचे māsānċe	मासांची māsāñcī	मासांच्या māsāncā	मासांचे, मासांचं māsānċe, māsānċa	मासांची māsāñcī	मासांच्या māsāñcā
^* Note: Word-final ए (e) in neuter words is alternatively written with the anusvara and pronounced as अ (a). Oblique Note: For most postpostions, the oblique genitive can be optionally inserted between the stem and the postposition.

Etymology 2

Inherited from Old Marathi 𑘦𑘰𑘭 (māsa, “month”), from Maharastri Prakrit 𑀫𑀸𑀲 (māsa, “month”), from Sanskrit मास (māsa). Doublet of महिना (mahinā).

Noun

मास • (mās) m (formal)

a month
Synonym: महिना (mahinā)

Declension

Declension of मास (masc cons-stem)
direct singular	मास mās
direct plural	मास mās
	singular एकवचन	plural अनेकवचन
nominative प्रथमा	मास mās	मास mās
oblique सामान्यरूप	मासा māsā	मासां- māsān-
acc. / dative द्वितीया / चतुर्थी	मासाला māsālā	मासांना māsānnā
ergative	मासाने, मासानं māsāne, māsāna	मासांनी māsānnī
instrumental	मासाशी māsāśī	मासांशी māsānśī
locative सप्तमी	मासात māsāt	मासांत māsāt
vocative संबोधन	मासा māsā	मासांनो māsānno
Oblique Note: The oblique case precedes all postpositions. There is no space between the stem and the postposition. Locative Note: -त (-ta) is a postposition.

Genitive declension of मास (masc cons-stem)
	masculine object पुल्लिंगी कर्म		feminine object स्त्रीलिंगी कर्म		neuter object नपुसकलिंगी कर्म		oblique सामान्यरूप
	singular एकवचन	plural अनेकवचन	singular एकवचन	plural अनेकवचन	singular^* एकवचन	plural अनेकवचन	oblique सामान्यरूप
singular subject एकवचनी कर्ता	मासाचा māsāċā	मासाचे māsāċe	मासाची māsācī	मासाच्या māsācā	मासाचे, मासाचं māsāċe, māsāċa	मासाची māsācī	मासाच्या māsācā
plural subject अनेकवचनी कर्ता	मासांचा māsānċā	मासांचे māsānċe	मासांची māsāñcī	मासांच्या māsāncā	मासांचे, मासांचं māsānċe, māsānċa	मासांची māsāñcī	मासांच्या māsāñcā
^* Note: Word-final ए (e) in neuter words is alternatively written with the anusvara and pronounced as अ (a). Oblique Note: For most postpostions, the oblique genitive can be optionally inserted between the stem and the postposition.

Derived terms

मासिक (māsik, “monthly”)

References

More information

Berntsen, Maxine (1982–1983), “मास”, in A Basic Marathi-English Dictionary, New Delhi: American Institute of Indian Studies
Molesworth, James Thomas (1857), “मास”, in A dictionary, Marathi and English, Bombay: Printed for government at the Bombay Education Society's Press
दाते, यशवंत रामकृष्ण [Date, Yashwant Ramkrishna] (1932-1950), “मास”, in महाराष्ट्र शब्दकोश (mahārāṣṭra śabdakoś) (in Marathi), पुणे [Pune]: महाराष्ट्र कोशमंडळ (mahārāṣṭra kośmaṇḍaḷ)
Shankar Gopal Tulpule; Anne Feldhaus (1999), “मास”, in A Dictionary of Old Marathi, Mumbai: Popular Prakashan

Pali

Alternative forms

Alternative scripts

māsa (Latin script)
𑀫𑀸𑀲 (Brahmi script)
মাস (Bengali script)
මාස (Sinhalese script)
မာသ or မႃသ (Burmese script)
มาส or มาสะ (Thai script)
ᨾᩣᩈ (Tai Tham script)
ມາສ or ມາສະ (Lao script)
មាស (Khmer script)
𑄟𑄂𑄥 (Chakma script)

Noun

मास m

Devanagari script form of māsa (“month”)
Devanagari script form of māsa (“mungo bean”)

Declension

Declension table of "मास" (masculine)

Case \ Number	Singular	Plural
Nominative (first)	मासो (māso)	मासा (māsā)
Accusative (second)	मासं (māsaṃ)	मासे (māse)
Instrumental (third)	मासेन (māsena)	मासेहि (māsehi) or मासेभि (māsebhi)
Dative (fourth)	मासस्स (māsassa) or मासाय (māsāya) or मासत्थं (māsatthaṃ)	मासानं (māsānaṃ)
Ablative (fifth)	मासस्मा (māsasmā) or मासम्हा (māsamhā) or मासा (māsā)	मासेहि (māsehi) or मासेभि (māsebhi)
Genitive (sixth)	मासस्स (māsassa)	मासानं (māsānaṃ)
Locative (seventh)	मासस्मिं (māsasmiṃ) or मासम्हि (māsamhi) or मासे (māse)	मासेसु (māsesu)
Vocative (calling)	मास (māsa)	मासा (māsā)

Sanskrit

Alternative scripts

মাস (Assamese script)
ᬫᬵᬲ (Balinese script)
মাস (Bengali script)
𑰦𑰯𑰭 (Bhaiksuki script)
𑀫𑀸𑀲 (Brahmi script)
မာသ (Burmese script)
માસ (Gujarati script)
ਮਾਸ (Gurmukhi script)
𑌮𑌾𑌸 (Grantha script)
ꦩꦴꦱ (Javanese script)
𑂧𑂰𑂮 (Kaithi script)
ಮಾಸ (Kannada script)
មាស (Khmer script)
ມາສ (Lao script)
മാസ (Malayalam script)
ᠮᠠ᠎᠊ᠠᠰ᠌ᠠ (Manchu script)
𑘦𑘰𑘭 (Modi script)
ᠮᠠᢗᠰᠠ᠋ (Mongolian script)
𑧆𑧑𑧍 (Nandinagari script)
𑐩𑐵𑐳 (Newa script)
ମାସ (Odia script)
ꢪꢵꢱ (Saurashtra script)
𑆩𑆳𑆱 (Sharada script)
𑖦𑖯𑖭 (Siddham script)
මාස (Sinhalese script)
𑩴𑩛𑪁 (Soyombo script)
𑚢𑚭𑚨 (Takri script)
மாஸ (Tamil script)
మాస (Telugu script)
มาส (Thai script)
མཱ་ས (Tibetan script)
𑒧𑒰𑒮 (Tirhuta script)
𑨢𑨊𑨰 (Zanabazar Square script)

Etymology

Etymology tree

Proto-Indo-European *meh₁-?

Proto-Indo-European *mḗh₁n̥s

Proto-Indo-Iranian *mā́Has

Sanskrit मास् (mā́s)

Sanskrit मास

From Proto-Indo-Iranian *mā́Hasas (“moon, month”), from Proto-Indo-European *mḗh₁n̥s-o-s (“moon; month”). Cognate with Latin mensis, Ancient Greek μήν (mḗn), Old Persian 𐎶𐎠𐏃 (m-a-h /⁠māha⁠/) (Persian (mâh)), Old English mōnaþ, mōna (whence English month, moon).

Pronunciation

(Vedic) IPA^(key): /mɑ́ː.sɐ/
(Classical Sanskrit) IPA^(key): /mɑː.s̪ɐ/

Noun

मास॑ • (mā́sa) stem, m

the moon
- c. 1500 BCE – 1000 BCE, Ṛgveda 10.92.12:
  उ॒त स्य न॑ उ॒शिजा॑मुर्वि॒या क॒विरहिः॑ शृणोतु बु॒ध्न्यो॒३॒॑ हवी॑मनि।
  सूर्या॒मासा॑ वि॒चर॑न्ता दिवि॒क्षिता॑ धि॒या श॑मीनहुषी अ॒स्य बो॑धतम्॥
  utá syá na uśíjāmurviyā́ kavíráhiḥ śṛṇotu budhnyò hávīmani.
  sū́ryāmā́sā vicárantā divikṣítā dhiyā́ śamīnahuṣī asyá bodhatam.
  And may he too give car, the Sage, from far away, the Dragon of the Deep, to this our yearning call.
  Ye Sun and Moon who dwell in heaven and move in turn, and with your thought, O Earth and Sky, observe this well.
a month or the 12th part of the Hindu year
- c. 1500 BCE – 1000 BCE, Ṛgveda 6.24.7:
  न यं जर॑न्ति श॒रदो॒ न मासा॒ न द्याव॒ इन्द्र॑मवक॒र्शय॑न्ति।
  वृ॒द्धस्य॑ चिद्वर्धतामस्य त॒नूः स्तोमे॑भिरु॒क्थैश्च॑ श॒स्यमा॑ना॥
  ná yáṃ járanti śarádo ná mā́sā ná dyā́va índramavakarśáyanti.
  vṛddhásya cidvardhatāmasya tanū́ḥ stómebhiruktháiśca śasyámānā.
  That Indra whom nor months nor autumn seasons cause to wither with age, nor fleeting days enfeeble,—
  Still may his body Wax, even now so mighty, glorified by the lauds and hymns that praise him.
मासम् (māsam) — for a month

मासम् एकम् (māsam ekam) — for one month

मासेन (māsena) — in the course of a month

मासे (māse) — in a month = after the lapse of a month
a symbolical name for the number twelve

Declension

Masculine a-stem declension of मास॑
	singular	dual	plural
nominative	मासः॑ (mā́saḥ)	मासौ॑ (mā́sau) मासा॑¹ (mā́sā¹)	मासाः॑ (mā́sāḥ) मासा॑सः¹ (mā́sāsaḥ¹)
accusative	मास॑म् (mā́sam)	मासौ॑ (mā́sau) मासा॑¹ (mā́sā¹)	मासा॑न् (mā́sān)
instrumental	मासे॑न (mā́sena)	मासा॑भ्याम् (mā́sābhyām)	मासैः॑ (mā́saiḥ) मासे॑भिः¹ (mā́sebhiḥ¹)
dative	मासा॑य (mā́sāya)	मासा॑भ्याम् (mā́sābhyām)	मासे॑भ्यः (mā́sebhyaḥ)
ablative	मासा॑त् (mā́sāt)	मासा॑भ्याम् (mā́sābhyām)	मासे॑भ्यः (mā́sebhyaḥ)
genitive	मास॑स्य (mā́sasya)	मास॑योः (mā́sayoḥ)	मासा॑नाम् (mā́sānām)
locative	मासे॑ (mā́se)	मास॑योः (mā́sayoḥ)	मासे॑षु (mā́seṣu)
vocative	मास॑ (mā́sa)	मासौ॑ (mā́sau) मासा॑¹ (mā́sā¹)	मासाः॑ (mā́sāḥ) मासा॑सः¹ (mā́sāsaḥ¹)

¹Vedic

Descendants

Magadhi Prakrit: 𑀫𑀸𑀲 (māsa)
- Assamese: মাহ (mah)
- Bengali: মাস (maś)
- Odia: ମାସ (māsa)
Maharastri Prakrit: 𑀫𑀸𑀲 (māsa)
- Marathi: मास (mās)
Pali: māsa
Paisaci Prakrit:
- Punjabi: مَان٘ہہ (māṉh)
- Saraiki: مَان٘ہہ (māṉh)
Sauraseni Prakrit: 𑀫𑀸𑀲 (māsa)
- Gujarati: માસ (mās)
- Hindi: मास (mās)
- Nepali: मास (mās)
Sinhalese: මාසය (māsaya)
→ Malayalam: മാസം (māsaṁ)
→ Kannada: ಮಾಸ (māsa)
→ Old Javanese: māsa
- Javanese: ꦩꦁꦱ (mangsa)
- → Balinese: ᬫᬵᬲ (masa)
→ Tamil: மாசம் (mācam), மாதம் (mātam)
→ Telugu: మాసము (māsamu)

References

Monier Williams (1899), “मास”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, […], new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 0814.

[1] Turner, Ralph Lilley (1969–1985), “mā́sa”, in A Comparative Dictionary of the Indo-Aryan Languages, London: Oxford University Press, page 581

[1]

Hindi

Etymology

Pronunciation

Noun

Declension

Derived terms

See also

References

Further reading

Konkani

Etymology

Noun

Marathi

Pronunciation

Etymology 1

Noun

Declension

Etymology 2

Noun

Declension

Derived terms

See also

References

Pali

Alternative forms

Noun

Declension

Sanskrit

Alternative scripts

Etymology

Pronunciation

Noun

Declension

Descendants

See also

References