त्यज्
Sanskrit
Alternative scripts
Alternative scripts
- ত্যজ্ (Assamese script)
- ᬢ᭄ᬬᬚ᭄ (Balinese script)
- ত্যজ্ (Bengali script)
- 𑰝𑰿𑰧𑰕𑰿 (Bhaiksuki script)
- 𑀢𑁆𑀬𑀚𑁆 (Brahmi script)
- တျဇ် (Burmese script)
- ત્યજ્ (Gujarati script)
- ਤ੍ਯਜ੍ (Gurmukhi script)
- 𑌤𑍍𑌯𑌜𑍍 (Grantha script)
- ꦠꦾꦗ꧀ (Javanese script)
- 𑂞𑂹𑂨𑂔𑂹 (Kaithi script)
- ತ್ಯಜ್ (Kannada script)
- ត្យជ៑ (Khmer script)
- ຕ຺ຍຊ຺ (Lao script)
- ത്യജ് (Malayalam script)
- ᢠᠶᠠᡯ (Manchu script)
- 𑘝𑘿𑘧𑘕𑘿 (Modi script)
- ᢐᠶ᠋ᠠᠽ (Mongolian script)
- 𑦽𑧠𑧇𑦵𑧠 (Nandinagari script)
- 𑐟𑑂𑐫𑐖𑑂 (Newa script)
- ତ୍ଯଜ୍ (Odia script)
- ꢡ꣄ꢫꢙ꣄ (Saurashtra script)
- 𑆠𑇀𑆪𑆘𑇀 (Sharada script)
- 𑖝𑖿𑖧𑖕𑖿 (Siddham script)
- ත්යජ් (Sinhalese script)
- 𑩫 𑪙𑩻𑩣 𑪙 (Soyombo script)
- 𑚙𑚶𑚣𑚑𑚶 (Takri script)
- த்யஜ் (Tamil script)
- త్యజ్ (Telugu script)
- ตฺยชฺ (Thai script)
- ཏྱ་ཛ྄ (Tibetan script)
- 𑒞𑓂𑒨𑒖𑓂 (Tirhuta script)
- 𑨙𑩇𑨪𑨥𑨴 (Zanabazar Square script)
Etymology
Inherited from Proto-Indo-European *tyegʷ- (“to leave alone, give up; retreat”).
Pronunciation
- (Vedic) IPA(key): /tjɐd͡ʑ/
- (Classical Sanskrit) IPA(key): /t̪jɐd͡ʑ/
Root
त्यज् • (tyaj)
- to leave, abandon, quit
- to leave a place, go away from
- to let go, dismiss, discharge
- to give up, surrender, resign, renounce
- to shun, avoid, give away
- to except
Derived terms
Primary verbal forms
- त्यजति (tyajati, present)
- त्यक्ष्यति (tyakṣyati, future)
- त्यजिष्यति (tyajiṣyati, future)
- त्य॒क्ता (tyaktā́, periphrastic future)
- अत्या॑क्षीत् (átyākṣīt, aorist)
- त्य॒ज्यात् (tyajyā́t, benedictive)
- त॒त्याज॑ (tatyā́ja, perfect)
- ति॒त्याज॑ (tityā́ja, perfect)
Secondary forms
- त्यज्यते (tyajyate, passive)
- अत्या॑जि (átyāji, passive aorist)
- त्या॒जय॑ति (tyājáyati, causative)
- अति॑त्यजत् (átityajat, causative aorist)
- त्या॒ज्यते॑ (tyājyáte, passive of causative)
- तित्यक्षति (tityakṣati, desiderative)
- तात्यज्यते (tātyajyate, intensive)
Non-finite forms
Derived nominal forms
Prefixed root forms
- अभित्यज् (abhityaj)
- परित्यज् (parityaj)
- संत्यज् (saṃtyaj)
Sanskrit terms belonging to the root त्यज् (0 c, 7 e)
Terms derived from the Sanskrit root त्यज् (4 c, 0 e)
Adjective
त्यज् • (tyaj) stem
- (at the end of a compound) leaving, abandoning, giving up, offering
- तनु (tanu, “body”) + त्यज् (tyaj) → तनुत्यज् (tanutyaj, “giving up one's body, dying”)
Declension
| singular | dual | plural | |
|---|---|---|---|
| nominative | त्यक् (tyak) | त्यजौ (tyajau) त्यजा¹ (tyajā¹) |
त्यजः (tyajaḥ) |
| accusative | त्यजम् (tyajam) | त्यजौ (tyajau) त्यजा¹ (tyajā¹) |
त्यजः (tyajaḥ) |
| instrumental | त्यजा (tyajā) | त्यग्भ्याम् (tyagbhyām) | त्यग्भिः (tyagbhiḥ) |
| dative | त्यजे (tyaje) | त्यग्भ्याम् (tyagbhyām) | त्यग्भ्यः (tyagbhyaḥ) |
| ablative | त्यजः (tyajaḥ) | त्यग्भ्याम् (tyagbhyām) | त्यग्भ्यः (tyagbhyaḥ) |
| genitive | त्यजः (tyajaḥ) | त्यजोः (tyajoḥ) | त्यजाम् (tyajām) |
| locative | त्यजि (tyaji) | त्यजोः (tyajoḥ) | त्यक्षु (tyakṣu) |
| vocative | त्यक् (tyak) | त्यजौ (tyajau) त्यजा¹ (tyajā¹) |
त्यजः (tyajaḥ) |
- ¹Vedic
| singular | dual | plural | |
|---|---|---|---|
| nominative | त्यक् (tyak) | त्यजौ (tyajau) त्यजा¹ (tyajā¹) |
त्यजः (tyajaḥ) |
| accusative | त्यजम् (tyajam) | त्यजौ (tyajau) त्यजा¹ (tyajā¹) |
त्यजः (tyajaḥ) |
| instrumental | त्यजा (tyajā) | त्यग्भ्याम् (tyagbhyām) | त्यग्भिः (tyagbhiḥ) |
| dative | त्यजे (tyaje) | त्यग्भ्याम् (tyagbhyām) | त्यग्भ्यः (tyagbhyaḥ) |
| ablative | त्यजः (tyajaḥ) | त्यग्भ्याम् (tyagbhyām) | त्यग्भ्यः (tyagbhyaḥ) |
| genitive | त्यजः (tyajaḥ) | त्यजोः (tyajoḥ) | त्यजाम् (tyajām) |
| locative | त्यजि (tyaji) | त्यजोः (tyajoḥ) | त्यक्षु (tyakṣu) |
| vocative | त्यक् (tyak) | त्यजौ (tyajau) त्यजा¹ (tyajā¹) |
त्यजः (tyajaḥ) |
- ¹Vedic
| singular | dual | plural | |
|---|---|---|---|
| nominative | त्यक् (tyak) | त्यजी (tyajī) | त्यञ्जि (tyañji) |
| accusative | त्यक् (tyak) | त्यजी (tyajī) | त्यञ्जि (tyañji) |
| instrumental | त्यजा (tyajā) | त्यग्भ्याम् (tyagbhyām) | त्यग्भिः (tyagbhiḥ) |
| dative | त्यजे (tyaje) | त्यग्भ्याम् (tyagbhyām) | त्यग्भ्यः (tyagbhyaḥ) |
| ablative | त्यजः (tyajaḥ) | त्यग्भ्याम् (tyagbhyām) | त्यग्भ्यः (tyagbhyaḥ) |
| genitive | त्यजः (tyajaḥ) | त्यजोः (tyajoḥ) | त्यजाम् (tyajām) |
| locative | त्यजि (tyaji) | त्यजोः (tyajoḥ) | त्यक्षु (tyakṣu) |
| vocative | त्यक् (tyak) | त्यजी (tyajī) | त्यञ्जि (tyañji) |
References
- Monier Williams (1899), “त्यज्”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, […], new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 456.
- Arthur Anthony Macdonell (1893), “त्यज्”, in A practical Sanskrit dictionary with transliteration, accentuation, and etymological analysis throughout, London: Oxford University Press
- William Dwight Whitney (1885), The Roots, Verb-forms, and Primary Derivatives of the Sanskrit Language, Leipzig: Breitkopf and Härtel, page 66
- Otto Böhtlingk; Richard Schmidt (1879-1928), “त्यज्”, in Walter Slaje, Jürgen Hanneder, Paul Molitor, Jörg Ritter, editors, Nachtragswörterbuch des Sanskrit [Dictionary of Sanskrit with supplements] (in German), Halle-Wittenberg: Martin-Luther-Universität, published 2016
- Hellwig, Oliver (2010–2026), “tyaj”, in DCS - The Digital Corpus of Sanskrit, Berlin, Germany.
- Mallory, J. P. with Adams, D. Q. (2006), The Oxford Introduction to Proto-Indo-European and the Proto-Indo-European World (Oxford Linguistics), New York: Oxford University Press, →ISBN, page 414
- Rix, Helmut, editor (2001), Lexikon der indogermanischen Verben [Lexicon of Indo-European Verbs] (in German), 2nd edition, Wiesbaden: Dr. Ludwig Reichert Verlag, →ISBN, page 643
- Pokorny, Julius (1959), Indogermanisches etymologisches Wörterbuch [Indo-European Etymological Dictionary] (in German), volume III, Bern, München: Francke Verlag, page 1086