आण्ड
Sanskrit
Alternative scripts
Alternative scripts
- আণ্ড (Assamese script)
- ᬆᬡ᭄ᬟ (Balinese script)
- আণ্ড (Bengali script)
- 𑰁𑰜𑰿𑰚 (Bhaiksuki script)
- 𑀆𑀡𑁆𑀟 (Brahmi script)
- အာဏ္ဍ (Burmese script)
- આણ્ડ (Gujarati script)
- ਆਣ੍ਡ (Gurmukhi script)
- 𑌆𑌣𑍍𑌡 (Grantha script)
- ꦄꦴꦟ꧀ꦝ (Javanese script)
- 𑂄𑂝𑂹𑂙 (Kaithi script)
- ಆಣ್ಡ (Kannada script)
- អាណ្ឌ (Khmer script)
- ອາຓ຺ຑ (Lao script)
- ആണ്ഡ (Malayalam script)
- ᠠ᠊ᠠᢏᡷᠠ (Manchu script)
- 𑘁𑘜𑘿𑘚 (Modi script)
- ᠠᢗᢏᢎᠠ᠋ (Mongolian script)
- 𑦡𑦼𑧠𑦺 (Nandinagari script)
- 𑐁𑐞𑑂𑐜 (Newa script)
- ଆଣ୍ଡ (Odia script)
- ꢃꢠ꣄ꢞ (Saurashtra script)
- 𑆄𑆟𑇀𑆝 (Sharada script)
- 𑖁𑖜𑖿𑖚 (Siddham script)
- ආණ්ඩ (Sinhalese script)
- 𑩐𑩛𑩪 𑪙𑩨 (Soyombo script)
- 𑚁𑚘𑚶𑚖 (Takri script)
- ஆண்ட³ (Tamil script)
- ఆణ్డ (Telugu script)
- อาณฺฑ (Thai script)
- ཨཱ་ཎྜ (Tibetan script)
- 𑒂𑒝𑓂𑒛 (Tirhuta script)
- 𑨀𑨊𑨘𑩇𑨖 (Zanabazar Square script)
Etymology
Etymology tree
Proto-Indo-European *h₁en-
Proto-Indo-European *h₁én
Proto-Indo-European *h₁en-dró-s?
Proto-Indo-Aryan *āndrám
Sanskrit *आ॒न्द्र (*āndrá)
Sanskrit आ॒ण्ड
Uncertain. Probably a middle Vedic corruption of an earlier *आ॒न्द्र (*āndrá), from Proto-Indo-Aryan *āndrám, perhaps from Proto-Indo-European *h₁en-dró-s, from *h₁én (“in”). Compare Kalasha ónḍrak (“egg”) (reflexing the original cluster), Proto-Slavic *ędro (“kernel”).
Alternatively, perhaps related to Proto-Iranian *Hāwyám (“egg”) and reshaped under the influence of a substrate term, perhaps the origin for पिण्ड (piṇḍa, “lump”) and मण्डल (maṇḍala, “circle”), which also denote round things.
Kuiper's claim that the term is borrowed from Proto-Munda [Term?] is untenable; it is more likely that Sora [script needed] (adre, “egg”), Kharia [script needed] (eṇḍá, “egg”), etc. are Indo-Aryan loans.[1]
Pronunciation
- (Vedic) IPA(key): /ɑːɳ.ɖɐ́/
- (Classical Sanskrit) IPA(key): /ɑːɳ.ɖɐ/
Noun
आ॒ण्ड • (āṇḍá) stem, m
- an egg
- Synonym: डिम्ब (ḍimba)
- c. 1500 BCE – 1000 BCE, Ṛgveda 10.68.7:
- बृहस्पतिरमत हि त्यदासां नाम स्वरीणां सदने गुहा यत् ।
आण्डेव भित्त्वा शकुनस्य गर्भमुदुस्रियाः पर्वतस्य त्मनाजत् ॥- bṛhaspatiramata hi tyadāsāṃ nāma svarīṇāṃ sadane guhā yat.
āṇḍeva bhittvā śakunasya garbhamudusriyāḥ parvatasya tmanājat. - That secret name borne by the lowing cattle within the cave Bṛhaspati discovered,
And drove, himself, the bright kine from the mountain, like a bird's young after the egg's breaking.
- bṛhaspatiramata hi tyadāsāṃ nāma svarīṇāṃ sadane guhā yat.
- बृहस्पतिरमत हि त्यदासां नाम स्वरीणां सदने गुहा यत् ।
- (in the dual) the testicles
- c. 1200 BCE – 1000 BCE, Atharvaveda 9.7.13:
- क्रोधो वृक्कौ मन्युर् आण्डौ प्रजा शेपः ॥
- krodho vṛkkau manyur āṇḍau prajā śepaḥ.
- Wrath [represents] the kidneys, anger the testes, offspring the generative organ [of the Divine Bull].
- क्रोधो वृक्कौ मन्युर् आण्डौ प्रजा शेपः ॥
Declension
| singular | dual | plural | |
|---|---|---|---|
| nominative | आ॒ण्डः (āṇḍáḥ) | आ॒ण्डौ (āṇḍáu) आ॒ण्डा¹ (āṇḍā́¹) |
आ॒ण्डाः (āṇḍā́ḥ) आ॒ण्डासः॑¹ (āṇḍā́saḥ¹) |
| accusative | आ॒ण्डम् (āṇḍám) | आ॒ण्डौ (āṇḍáu) आ॒ण्डा¹ (āṇḍā́¹) |
आ॒ण्डान् (āṇḍā́n) |
| instrumental | आ॒ण्डेन॑ (āṇḍéna) | आ॒ण्डाभ्या॑म् (āṇḍā́bhyām) | आ॒ण्डैः (āṇḍáiḥ) आ॒ण्डेभिः॑¹ (āṇḍébhiḥ¹) |
| dative | आ॒ण्डाय॑ (āṇḍā́ya) | आ॒ण्डाभ्या॑म् (āṇḍā́bhyām) | आ॒ण्डेभ्यः॑ (āṇḍébhyaḥ) |
| ablative | आ॒ण्डात् (āṇḍā́t) | आ॒ण्डाभ्या॑म् (āṇḍā́bhyām) | आ॒ण्डेभ्यः॑ (āṇḍébhyaḥ) |
| genitive | आ॒ण्डस्य॑ (āṇḍásya) | आ॒ण्डयोः॑ (āṇḍáyoḥ) | आ॒ण्डाना॑म् (āṇḍā́nām) |
| locative | आ॒ण्डे (āṇḍé) | आ॒ण्डयोः॑ (āṇḍáyoḥ) | आ॒ण्डेषु॑ (āṇḍéṣu) |
| vocative | आण्ड॑ (ā́ṇḍa) | आण्डौ॑ (ā́ṇḍau) आण्डा॑¹ (ā́ṇḍā¹) |
आण्डाः॑ (ā́ṇḍāḥ) आण्डा॑सः¹ (ā́ṇḍāsaḥ¹) |
- ¹Vedic
Derived terms
- साण्ड (sā́ṇḍa)
Descendants
- ⇒ Sanskrit: अण्ड (aṇḍá) (later form) (see there for further descendants)
References
- ^ Mayrhofer, Manfred (1992), “āṇḍá-”, in Etymologisches Wörterbuch des Altindoarischen [Etymological Dictionary of Old Indo-Aryan][1] (in German), volume I, Heidelberg: Carl Winter Universitätsverlag, page 162
Further reading
- Monier Williams (1899), “आण्ड”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, […], new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 134.