पिण्ड
See also: पाण्डु
Pali
Alternative forms
Alternative scripts
Noun
पिण्ड m
- Devanagari script form of piṇḍa (“lump”)
Declension
Declension table of "पिण्ड" (masculine)
| Case \ Number | Singular | Plural |
|---|---|---|
| Nominative (first) | पिण्डो (piṇḍo) | पिण्डा (piṇḍā) |
| Accusative (second) | पिण्डं (piṇḍaṃ) | पिण्डे (piṇḍe) |
| Instrumental (third) | पिण्डेन (piṇḍena) | पिण्डेहि (piṇḍehi) or पिण्डेभि (piṇḍebhi) |
| Dative (fourth) | पिण्डस्स (piṇḍassa) or पिण्डाय (piṇḍāya) or पिण्डत्थं (piṇḍatthaṃ) | पिण्डानं (piṇḍānaṃ) |
| Ablative (fifth) | पिण्डस्मा (piṇḍasmā) or पिण्डम्हा (piṇḍamhā) or पिण्डा (piṇḍā) | पिण्डेहि (piṇḍehi) or पिण्डेभि (piṇḍebhi) |
| Genitive (sixth) | पिण्डस्स (piṇḍassa) | पिण्डानं (piṇḍānaṃ) |
| Locative (seventh) | पिण्डस्मिं (piṇḍasmiṃ) or पिण्डम्हि (piṇḍamhi) or पिण्डे (piṇḍe) | पिण्डेसु (piṇḍesu) |
| Vocative (calling) | पिण्ड (piṇḍa) | पिण्डा (piṇḍā) |
Sanskrit
Alternative scripts
Alternative scripts
- পিণ্ড (Assamese script)
- ᬧᬶᬡ᭄ᬟ (Balinese script)
- পিণ্ড (Bengali script)
- 𑰢𑰰𑰜𑰿𑰚 (Bhaiksuki script)
- 𑀧𑀺𑀡𑁆𑀟 (Brahmi script)
- ပိဏ္ဍ (Burmese script)
- પિણ્ડ (Gujarati script)
- ਪਿਣ੍ਡ (Gurmukhi script)
- 𑌪𑌿𑌣𑍍𑌡 (Grantha script)
- ꦥꦶꦟ꧀ꦝ (Javanese script)
- 𑂣𑂱𑂝𑂹𑂙 (Kaithi script)
- ಪಿಣ್ಡ (Kannada script)
- បិណ្ឌ (Khmer script)
- ປິຓ຺ຑ (Lao script)
- പിണ്ഡ (Malayalam script)
- ᢒᡳᢏᡷᠠ (Manchu script)
- 𑘢𑘱𑘜𑘿𑘚 (Modi script)
- ᢒᠢᢏᢎᠠ᠋ (Mongolian script)
- 𑧂𑧒𑦼𑧠𑦺 (Nandinagari script)
- 𑐥𑐶𑐞𑑂𑐜 (Newa script)
- ପିଣ୍ଡ (Odia script)
- ꢦꢶꢠ꣄ꢞ (Saurashtra script)
- 𑆥𑆴𑆟𑇀𑆝 (Sharada script)
- 𑖢𑖰𑖜𑖿𑖚 (Siddham script)
- පිණ්ඩ (Sinhalese script)
- 𑩰𑩑𑩪 𑪙𑩨 (Soyombo script)
- 𑚞𑚮𑚘𑚶𑚖 (Takri script)
- பிண்ட³ (Tamil script)
- పిణ్డ (Telugu script)
- ปิณฺฑ (Thai script)
- པི་ཎྜ (Tibetan script)
- 𑒣𑒱𑒝𑓂𑒛 (Tirhuta script)
- 𑨞𑨁𑨘𑩇𑨖 (Zanabazar Square script)
Etymology
Due to the diverse phonetic variation in the word's relatives in modern Indo-Aryan, Turner considers the word to be borrowed from Dravidian;[1][2] compare Tamil பிழி (piḻi, “to squeeze”), பிண்டம் (piṇṭam, “what is squeezed”), from an earlier *piẓi-nt- (“to squeeze”).[3]
Pronunciation
- (Vedic) IPA(key): /píɳ.ɖɐ/
- (Classical Sanskrit) IPA(key): /piɳ.ɖɐ/
Noun
पिण्ड॑ • (píṇḍa) stem, m or n
- any round or roundish mass or heap, ball, lump, piece (RV., TS., ŚBr., etc.)
- a roundish lump of food, a bite (of food), morsel, mouthful
- food, daily bread, livelihood, subsistence, sustenance (MBh., Kāv., etc.)
- any solid mass or material object, the body, bodily frame (Ragh., Śaṃk., Vajracch.)
- the calf of the leg (Mālatīm.)
- the flower of a china rose (L.)
- a portico (L.)
- force, power, army (L.)
- (in the dual) fleshy parts of the shoulder above the clavicle (MBh.)
- (in the dual) protrusion on the upper forehead of an elephant (L.)
- embryo at an early stage of development (L.)
- a kind of incense (Var.
- myrrh, olibanum (L.)
- meat, flesh (L.)
- alms (Mālatīm.)
- Meyna laxiflora (L.)
- quantity, collection (L.)
- (arithmetic) sum, total amount
- (astronomy) a sine expressed in a series of numbers
- (music) sound, tone
- name of a man
- iron (L.)
- steel
- fresh butter
Declension
| singular | dual | plural | |
|---|---|---|---|
| nominative | पिण्डः॑ (píṇḍaḥ) | पिण्डौ॑ (píṇḍau) पिण्डा॑¹ (píṇḍā¹) |
पिण्डाः॑ (píṇḍāḥ) पिण्डा॑सः¹ (píṇḍāsaḥ¹) |
| accusative | पिण्ड॑म् (píṇḍam) | पिण्डौ॑ (píṇḍau) पिण्डा॑¹ (píṇḍā¹) |
पिण्डा॑न् (píṇḍān) |
| instrumental | पिण्डे॑न (píṇḍena) | पिण्डा॑भ्याम् (píṇḍābhyām) | पिण्डैः॑ (píṇḍaiḥ) पिण्डे॑भिः¹ (píṇḍebhiḥ¹) |
| dative | पिण्डा॑य (píṇḍāya) | पिण्डा॑भ्याम् (píṇḍābhyām) | पिण्डे॑भ्यः (píṇḍebhyaḥ) |
| ablative | पिण्डा॑त् (píṇḍāt) | पिण्डा॑भ्याम् (píṇḍābhyām) | पिण्डे॑भ्यः (píṇḍebhyaḥ) |
| genitive | पिण्ड॑स्य (píṇḍasya) | पिण्ड॑योः (píṇḍayoḥ) | पिण्डा॑नाम् (píṇḍānām) |
| locative | पिण्डे॑ (píṇḍe) | पिण्ड॑योः (píṇḍayoḥ) | पिण्डे॑षु (píṇḍeṣu) |
| vocative | पिण्ड॑ (píṇḍa) | पिण्डौ॑ (píṇḍau) पिण्डा॑¹ (píṇḍā¹) |
पिण्डाः॑ (píṇḍāḥ) पिण्डा॑सः¹ (píṇḍāsaḥ¹) |
- ¹Vedic
| singular | dual | plural | |
|---|---|---|---|
| nominative | पिण्ड॑म् (píṇḍam) | पिण्डे॑ (píṇḍe) | पिण्डा॑नि (píṇḍāni) पिण्डा॑¹ (píṇḍā¹) |
| accusative | पिण्ड॑म् (píṇḍam) | पिण्डे॑ (píṇḍe) | पिण्डा॑नि (píṇḍāni) पिण्डा॑¹ (píṇḍā¹) |
| instrumental | पिण्डे॑न (píṇḍena) | पिण्डा॑भ्याम् (píṇḍābhyām) | पिण्डैः॑ (píṇḍaiḥ) पिण्डे॑भिः¹ (píṇḍebhiḥ¹) |
| dative | पिण्डा॑य (píṇḍāya) | पिण्डा॑भ्याम् (píṇḍābhyām) | पिण्डे॑भ्यः (píṇḍebhyaḥ) |
| ablative | पिण्डा॑त् (píṇḍāt) | पिण्डा॑भ्याम् (píṇḍābhyām) | पिण्डे॑भ्यः (píṇḍebhyaḥ) |
| genitive | पिण्ड॑स्य (píṇḍasya) | पिण्ड॑योः (píṇḍayoḥ) | पिण्डा॑नाम् (píṇḍānām) |
| locative | पिण्डे॑ (píṇḍe) | पिण्ड॑योः (píṇḍayoḥ) | पिण्डे॑षु (píṇḍeṣu) |
| vocative | पिण्ड॑ (píṇḍa) | पिण्डे॑ (píṇḍe) | पिण्डा॑नि (píṇḍāni) पिण्डा॑¹ (píṇḍā¹) |
- ¹Vedic
Descendants
- Romani: punro, pinro, pirro
- → Khotanese: piṇḍaa- (“lump”)
- → Iranian:
- →? Old Armenian: պինդ (pind, “firm, dense, tight, strong”)
References
- ^ Turner, Ralph Lilley (1969–1985), “píṇḍa”, in A Comparative Dictionary of the Indo-Aryan Languages, London: Oxford University Press, page 462
- ^ Mayrhofer, Manfred (1996), “píṇḍa-”, in Etymologisches Wörterbuch des Altindoarischen [Etymological Dictionary of Old Indo-Aryan][1] (in German), volume 2, Heidelberg: Carl Winter Universitätsverlag, page 128
- ^ F. C., Southworth (2011), Rice in Dravidian[2], University of Pennsylvania.
Further reading
- Monier Williams (1899), “पिण्ड”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, […], new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 0625, column 2.
- Witzel, Michael (2003), Linguistic Evidence for Cultural Exchange in Prehistoric Western Central Asia (Sino-Platonic Papers; 129)[3], Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania, Department of East Asian Languages and Civilizations, page 33