эсь
See also: Appendix:Variations of "es"
Erzya
Alternative forms
- ӓсь (äś)
Etymology
From Proto-Mordvinic *eś, inherited from Proto-Uralic *iće ~ *iśe (“shadow; shadow soul”). Cognates include Moksha эсь (eś), Finnish itse, Livonian īž, Northern Sami ieš, Udmurt ачим (aćim).
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /esʲ/
Pronoun
эсь • (eś)
- (reflexive possessive) own
- эсь койсэ ― eś kojsë ― in someone's own way, in a way
References
- B. A. Serebrennikov; R. N. Buzakova; M. V. Mosin (1993), “эсь”, in Эрзянь-рузонь валкс [Erzya-Russian dictionary], Moscow: Русский язык, →ISBN
- Entry #142 in Uralonet, online Uralic etymological database of the Hungarian Research Centre for Linguistics.
Ket
Etymology 1
Inherited from Proto-Yeniseian *eʌsʌ (“ski strap”).[1]
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): [ɛs͉ʲ˥˩]
Noun
эсь (èsʲ) n (plural есиӈ)
Usage notes
- Central and Northern Ket varieties use ээсе (èːse) instead.
Etymology 2
Inherited from Proto-Ketic *es ~ *esaŋ (a particle with various meanings).[2] Connected to the latter part (-сяӈ) of Ket бәньсяӈ (bə́nʲsaŋ, “there is not, there are not”, predicative non-agreeing element).
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): [ɛs͉ʲ˥˩]
Particle
эсь (esʲ)
- a postpositional particle with various meanings; including, for, as; in order to, in for; etcetera, conveying a supine or inchoative meaning to the phrase it is used in
Usage notes
- Also commonly found as есяӈ (ésaŋ), where it can synchronically be used by the speakers to denote a plural noun.
- Usage fields of this particle is quite widespread in the examples given by the sources consulted. Some example sentences, to demonstrate its usage, include:
- Денесь дативиля. (Dén-esʲ datíbila. “She asked for money.”)
- Бу учителесяӈ даӄоʼй. (Bū učítel-esaŋ daqoˀj. “He wants to be a teacher.”)
- Буӈ (...) таяӈӷотн, история итаӈламесяӈ. (Būŋ [...] tajaŋqotn, istórija itaŋlam-esaŋ. “They go to [...] to learn the history.”)
- Сатийбагвесаӈ. (Satijbakb-esaŋ “I begin to be ashamed.”)
References
- ^ Vajda, Edward; Werner, Heinrich (2022), Comparative-Historical Yeniseian Dictionary (Languages of the World/Dictionaries; 79, 80), Muenchen: LINCOM GmbH, →ISBN, page 306
- ^ Vajda, Edward; Werner, Heinrich (2022), Comparative-Historical Yeniseian Dictionary (Languages of the World/Dictionaries; 79, 80), Muenchen: LINCOM GmbH, →ISBN, pages 293-294
Further reading
- Werner, Heinrich (2002), Vergleichendes Wörterbuch der Jenissej-Sprachen, volume 1, Wiesbaden: Harrassowitz Verlag, →ISBN, page 242
- Kotorova, Elizaveta; Nefedov, Andrey (2015), Большой словарь кетского языка, Münich: LINCOM, →ISBN, page 172
Moksha
Etymology
From Proto-Mordvinic *iśə, from Pre-Mordvinic *ićə, inherited from Proto-Uralic *ić(ć)e (“shadow; shadow soul”). Cognates include Erzya эсь (eś), Finnish itse, Estonian ise, Livonian īž, Northern Sami ieš, Eastern Mari шке (ške), Udmurt ачим (aćim), Komi-Zyrian ачым (aćym), Northern Khanty ис (is).[1]
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /esʲ/
Pronoun
эсь • (eś)
- (reflexive possessive) own
- V. I. Ščankina (2011) Russko-mokšansko-erzjanskij slovarʹ [Russian-Moksha-Erzya Dictionary], Saransk, →ISBN
- эсь сельмоса
- eś seľmosa
- with one's own eyes (lit. "in [one's] own eyes")
- азомс эсь мяльцень
- azoms eś mälceń
- to speak one's mind
- эстейнза мазыец
- estejnza mazïjec
- to be one's own master (lit. "to oneself...")
- V. I. Ščankina (2011) Russko-mokšansko-erzjanskij slovarʹ [Russian-Moksha-Erzya Dictionary], Saransk, →ISBN
Adjective
эсь • (eś)
- related by blood
- V. I. Ščankina (2011) Russko-mokšansko-erzjanskij slovarʹ [Russian-Moksha-Erzya Dictionary], Saransk, →ISBN
- эсь, фкя веронь
- eś , fkä veroń
- related by blood
- V. I. Ščankina (2011) Russko-mokšansko-erzjanskij slovarʹ [Russian-Moksha-Erzya Dictionary], Saransk, →ISBN
Declension
(first person)
| singular | plural | |
|---|---|---|
| nominative | эсь (eś) | — |
| genitive | — | — |
| dative | эстейне (estejne) | эстейнек (estejnek) |
| ablative | эстедон (estedon) | эстедонк (estedonk) |
| inessive | эсьсон (eśson) | эсьсонк (eśsonk) |
| elative | эсьстон (eśston) | эсьстонк (eśstonk) |
| illative | эсезон (esezon) | эсезонк (esezonk) |
| prolative | эсеван (esevan) | эсеванк (esevank) |
| comparative | эсьшкан (eśškan) | эсьшканк (eśškank) |
| translative | — | — |
| abessive | эсьфтемон (eśftemon) | эсьфтемонк (eśftemonk) |
| causative | — | — |
(second person)
| singular | plural | |
|---|---|---|
| nominative | эсь (eś) | — |
| genitive | — | — |
| dative | эстейть (estejť) | эстейнть (estejnť) |
| ablative | эстедот (estedot) | эстедонт (estedont) |
| inessive | эсьсот (eśsot) | эсьсонт (eśsont) |
| elative | эсьстот (eśstot) | эсьстонт (eśstont) |
| illative | эсезот (esezot) | эсезонт (esezont) |
| prolative | эсеват (esevat) | эсевант (esevant) |
| comparative | эсьшкат (eśškat) | эсьшкант (eśškant) |
| translative | — | — |
| abessive | эсьфтемот (eśftemot) | эсьфтемонт (eśftemont) |
| causative | — | — |
(third person)
| singular | plural | |
|---|---|---|
| nominative | — | — |
| genitive | — | — |
| dative | эстейнза (estejnza) | эстейст (estejst) |
| ablative | эстедонза (estedonza) | эстедост (estedost) |
| inessive | эсьсонза (eśsonza) | эсьсост (eśsost) |
| elative | эсьстонза (eśstonza) | эсьстост (eśstost) |
| illative | эсезонза (esezonza) | эсезост (esezost) |
| prolative | эсеванза (esevanza) | эсеваст (esevast) |
| comparative | эсьшканза (eśškanza) | эсьшкаст (eśškast) |
| translative | — | — |
| abessive | эсьфтемонза (eśftemonza) | эсьфтемост (eśftemost) |
| causative | — | — |
Synonyms
- (related by blood): фкя веронь (fkä veroń)
See also
- Personal pronouns (личнай местоимениятне (ličnaj mestojimenijätne)):
- Definite personal pronouns (виияфтома-личнай местоимениятне (vijijäftoma - ličnaj mestojimenijätne)):
- Demonstrative pronouns (няфтемань местоимениятне (näftemań mestojimenijätne)):
- Other pronouns
References
- Entry #142 in Uralonet, online Uralic etymological database of the Hungarian Research Centre for Linguistics.
- ^ эсь (eś) in Álgu-tietokanta, Kotimaisten kielten keskus
Further reading
- Paradigms of эсь (eś) in O. Je. Poljakov (1993) Russko-mokšanskij razgovornik [Russian-Moksha phrasebook], Saransk: Mordovskoje knižnoje izdatelʹstvo, →ISBN, page 20