гънати

Old Church Slavonic

Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *gъnati, from Proto-Balto-Slavic *gúntei, from Proto-Indo-European *gʷʰénti.

Verb

гънати • (gŭnati) impf (transitive)

to drive
- from Vita Constantini, 0500900-0500910:
  не подобно ѥсть въ ѥсень цвѣтьць искати, ни старꙿца на воискꙋ гнати.
  It is not fitting to seek flowers in the fall nor to drive an old man to war.
to chase, to pursue
- 11th century, Codex Zographensis (in Glagolitic), Gospel of Mark 1:36:
  ⰺ҅ ⰳⱏⱀⰰⱎⱔ ⰹ ⱄⰻⰿⱁⱀⱏ · ⰺ҅ ⰻⰶⰵ ⰱⱑⰰⱈⱘ ⱄⱏ ⱀ҄ⰻⰿⱐ ·
  [і҅ гънашѧ і симонъ · і҅ иже бѣахѫ съ н҄имь ·]
  hi gŭnašę i simonŭ · hi iže běaxǫ sŭ nʹimĭ ·
  And Simon and they that were with him followed after him.

Conjugation

Conjugation of гънати (class IA2, transitive)

infinitive	supine	verbal noun
гънати gŭnati	гънатъ gŭnatŭ	гънаниѥ gŭnanije

l-participle		masculine	neuter	feminine
participles¹		present	past
active		женꙑ ženy	гънавъ gŭnavŭ
passive		женомъ ženomŭ	гънанъ gŭnanŭ

singular		гъналъ gŭnalŭ	гънало gŭnalo	гънала gŭnala
dual		гънала gŭnala	гъналѣ gŭnalě	гъналѣ gŭnalě
plural		гънали gŭnali	гънала gŭnala	гъналꙑ gŭnaly

		present	imperfect	imperative
singular	1st	женѫ ženǫ	гънаахъ gŭnaaxŭ	—
	2nd	женеши ženeši	гънааше gŭnaaše	жени ženi
	3rd	женетъ ženetŭ	гънааше gŭnaaše	жени ženi
dual	1st	женевѣ ženevě	гънааховѣ gŭnaaxově	женѣве ženěve
	2nd	женета ženeta	гънаашета gŭnaašeta	женѣта ženěta
	3rd	женете, женета ženete, ženeta	гънаашете, гънаашета gŭnaašete, gŭnaašeta	—
plural	1st	женемъ ženemŭ	гънаахомъ gŭnaaxomŭ	женѣмъ ženěmŭ
	2nd	женете ženete	гънаашете gŭnaašete	женѣте ženěte
	3rd	женѫтъ ženǫtŭ	гънаахѫ gŭnaaxǫ	—

		s-aorist⁶
singular	1st	гънахъ gŭnaxŭ
	2nd	гъна gŭna
	3rd	гъна gŭna
dual	1st	гънаховѣ gŭnaxově
	2nd	гънаста gŭnasta
	3rd	гънасте, гънаста gŭnaste, gŭnasta
plural	1st	гънахомъ gŭnaxomŭ
	2nd	гънасте gŭnaste
	3rd	гънашѧ gŭnašę

compound forms
perfect²		Use the l-participle of гънати and the present tense of the auxiliary verb бꙑти e.g. third-person masculine singular → гъналъ ѥстъ
pluperfect²		Use the l-participle of гънати and the imperfective aorist or imperfect³ tense of the auxiliary verb бꙑти e.g. third-person masculine singular → гъналъ бѣ/бѣаше
future		Use the infinitive of гънати and the present tense of the auxiliary verb имѣти, хотѣти, начѧти or въчѧти e.g. third-person singular → иматъ/хощетъ/начьнетъ/въчьнетъ гънати
future perfect^{2, 4}		Use the l-participle of гънати and the future tense of the auxiliary verb бꙑти e.g. third-person masculine singular → гъналъ бѫдетъ
conditional²		Use the l-participle of гънати and the conditional mood⁵ or perfective aorist tense of the auxiliary verb бꙑти e.g. third-person masculine singular → гъналъ би/бꙑ

¹ For declension of participles, see their entries.
² Except first/second-person neuter.
³ Third-person only.
⁴ Attested only in a few instances.
⁵ The dual forms are unattested.
⁶ Also called a sigmatic aorist.

This table shows the normalized inflected forms of гънати. Some forms may be based on conjecture. See also Old Church Slavonic grammar § Verbs on WikipediaWikipedia .

Derived terms

вꙑгънати (vygŭnati)
догънати (dogŭnati)
изгънанъ (izgŭnanŭ)
изгънаньѥ (izgŭnanĭje)
изгънати (izgŭnati)
отъгънаньѥ (otŭgŭnanĭje)
отъгънати (otŭgŭnati)
погънати (pogŭnati)
прогънати (progŭnati)
разгънати (razgŭnati)
съгънати (sŭgŭnati)

Related terms

гонити (goniti)
гонѥньѥ (gonjenĭje)