ϫⲡⲟ

Coptic

Alternative forms

ⲧⳉⲡⲟ (txpo) — Akhmimic
ϫⲫⲟ (jpho) — Bohairic
ϫⲡⲁ (jpa) — Fayyumic

Etymology

Causative of ϣⲱⲡⲉ (šōpe).

Verb

ϫⲡⲟ • (jpo) (nominal state ϫⲡⲟ-, (S) ϫⲡⲉ-, (L) ϫⲡⲁ-, pronominal state (S) ϫⲡⲟ⸗, (L) ϫⲡⲁ⸗, stative (S) ϫⲡⲁⲉⲓⲧ)

(Sahidic, Lycopolitan) to beget, bring forth
(Sahidic, Lycopolitan) to acquire

Conjugation

Conjugation of ϫⲡⲟ (Lycopolitan dialect)

infinitive	affirmative	ϫⲡⲟ jpo	imperative	affirmative	ϫⲡⲟ jpo
infinitive	negative	ⲧⲙ̄ϫⲡⲟ tm̄jpo	imperative	negative	ⲙ̄ⲛϫⲡⲟ, ⲙ̄ⲡⲣ̄ϫⲡⲟ m̄njpo, m̄pr̄jpo

		singular					plural			nominal
		1st person	2nd person		3rd person		1st person	2nd person	3rd person
		1st person	masculine	feminine	masculine	feminine	1st person	2nd person	3rd person
durative sentence
		ⲁⲛⲁⲕ	ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲕ	ⲛ̄ⲧⲟ	ⲛ̄ⲧⲁϥ	ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲥ	ⲁⲛⲁⲛ	ⲛ̄ⲧⲱⲧⲛ̄	ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲩ	-
present	basic	ϯϫⲡⲟ tijpo	ⲕϫⲡⲟ kjpo	ⲧⲉϫⲡⲟ tejpo	ϥϫⲡⲟ fjpo	ⲥϫⲡⲟ sjpo	ⲧⲛ̄ϫⲡⲟ tn̄jpo	ⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ϫⲡⲟ tetn̄jpo	ⲥⲉϫⲡⲟ sejpo	ϫⲡⲟ jpo
	circumstantial, focalising	ⲉⲓ̈ϫⲡⲟ eïjpo	ⲉⲕϫⲡⲟ ekjpo	ⲉⲣⲉϫⲡⲟ erejpo	ⲉϥϫⲡⲟ efjpo	ⲉⲥϫⲡⲟ esjpo	ⲉⲛϫⲡⲟ enjpo	ⲉⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ϫⲡⲟ etetn̄jpo	ⲉⲩϫⲡⲟ eujpo	ⲉⲣⲉ- ϫⲡⲟ ere- jpo
	relative	ⲉϯϫⲡⲟ etijpo	ⲉⲧⲕ̄ϫⲡⲟ, ⲉⲧⲉⲕϫⲡⲟ etk̄jpo, etekjpo	ⲉⲧⲉϫⲡⲟ, ⲉⲧⲉⲣⲉϫⲡⲟ etejpo, eterejpo	ⲉⲧϥ̄ϫⲡⲟ, ⲉⲧⲉϥϫⲡⲟ etf̄jpo, etefjpo	ⲉⲧⲥ̄ϫⲡⲟ, ⲉⲧⲉⲥϫⲡⲟ ets̄jpo, etesjpo	ⲉⲧⲛ̄ϫⲡⲟ, ⲉⲧⲉⲛϫⲡⲟ etn̄jpo, etenjpo	ⲉⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ϫⲡⲟ etetn̄jpo	ⲉⲧⲟⲩϫⲡⲟ etoujpo	ⲉⲧⲉⲣⲉ- ϫⲡⲟ, ⲉⲧⲉ- ϫⲡⲟ etere- jpo, ete- jpo
	preterite	ⲛⲉⲓ̈ϫⲡⲟ neïjpo	ⲛⲉⲕϫⲡⲟ nekjpo	ⲛⲉⲣⲉϫⲡⲟ nerejpo	ⲛⲉϥϫⲡⲟ nefjpo	ⲛⲉⲥϫⲡⲟ nesjpo	ⲛⲉⲛϫⲡⲟ nenjpo	ⲛⲉⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ϫⲡⲟ netetn̄jpo	ⲛⲉⲩϫⲡⲟ neujpo	ⲛⲉⲣⲉ- ϫⲡⲟ nere- jpo
future	basic	ϯⲛⲁϫⲡⲟ tinajpo	ⲕⲛⲁϫⲡⲟ knajpo	ⲧⲉⲛⲁϫⲡⲟ tenajpo	ϥⲛⲁϫⲡⲟ fnajpo	ⲥⲛⲁϫⲡⲟ snajpo	ⲧⲛ̄ⲛⲁϫⲡⲟ tn̄najpo	ⲧⲉⲧⲛⲁϫⲡⲟ tetnajpo	ⲥⲉⲛⲁϫⲡⲟ senajpo	ⲛⲁϫⲡⲟ najpo
	circumstantial, focalising	ⲉⲓ̈ⲛⲁϫⲡⲟ eïnajpo	ⲉⲕⲛⲁϫⲡⲟ eknajpo	ⲉⲣⲉⲛⲁϫⲡⲟ erenajpo	ⲉϥⲛⲁϫⲡⲟ efnajpo	ⲉⲥⲛⲁϫⲡⲟ esnajpo	ⲉⲛⲛⲁϫⲡⲟ ennajpo	ⲉⲧⲉⲧⲛⲁϫⲡⲟ etetnajpo	ⲉⲩⲛⲁϫⲡⲟ eunajpo	ⲉⲣⲉ- ⲛⲁϫⲡⲟ ere- najpo
	relative	ⲉϯⲛⲁϫⲡⲟ etinajpo	ⲉⲧⲕ̄ⲛⲁϫⲡⲟ etk̄najpo	ⲉⲧⲉⲛⲁϫⲡⲟ, ⲉⲧⲉⲣⲉⲛⲁϫⲡⲟ etenajpo, eterenajpo	ⲉⲧϥ̄ⲛⲁϫⲡⲟ etf̄najpo	ⲉⲧⲥ̄ⲛⲁϫⲡⲟ ets̄najpo	ⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲛⲁϫⲡⲟ etn̄najpo	ⲉⲧⲉⲧⲛⲁϫⲡⲟ etetnajpo	ⲉⲧⲟⲩⲛⲁϫⲡⲟ etounajpo	ⲉⲧⲉⲣⲉ- ⲛⲁϫⲡⲟ etere- najpo
	preterite	ⲛⲉⲓ̈ⲛⲁϫⲡⲟ neïnajpo	ⲛⲉⲕⲛⲁϫⲡⲟ neknajpo	ⲛⲉⲣⲉⲛⲁϫⲡⲟ nerenajpo	ⲛⲉϥⲛⲁϫⲡⲟ nefnajpo	ⲛⲉⲥⲛⲁϫⲡⲟ nesnajpo	ⲛⲉⲛⲛⲁϫⲡⲟ nennajpo	ⲛⲉⲧⲉⲧⲛⲁϫⲡⲟ netetnajpo	ⲛⲉⲩⲛⲁϫⲡⲟ neunajpo	ⲛⲉⲣⲉ- ⲛⲁϫⲡⲟ nere- najpo
negated with		ⲛ̄- … ⲉⲛ n̄- … en
non-durative sentence
		ⲁⲛⲁⲕ	ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲕ	ⲛ̄ⲧⲟ	ⲛ̄ⲧⲁϥ	ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲥ	ⲁⲛⲁⲛ	ⲛ̄ⲧⲱⲧⲛ̄	ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲩ	-
past	basic affirmative	ⲁⲓ̈ϫⲡⲟ aïjpo	ⲁⲕϫⲡⲟ akjpo	ⲁⲣⲉϫⲡⲟ arejpo	ⲁϥϫⲡⲟ afjpo	ⲁⲥϫⲡⲟ asjpo	ⲁⲛϫⲡⲟ anjpo	ⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ϫⲡⲟ atetn̄jpo	ⲁⲩϫⲡⲟ aujpo	ⲁ- ϫⲡⲟ a- jpo
	basic negative	ⲙ̄ⲡⲓϫⲡⲟ m̄pijpo	ⲙ̄ⲡⲕ̄ϫⲡⲟ, ⲙ̄ⲡⲉⲕϫⲡⲟ m̄pk̄jpo, m̄pekjpo	ⲙ̄ⲡⲉϫⲡⲟ, ⲙ̄ⲡⲣ̄ϫⲡⲟ m̄pejpo, m̄pr̄jpo	ⲙ̄ⲡϥ̄ϫⲡⲟ, ⲙ̄ⲡⲉϥϫⲡⲟ m̄pf̄jpo, m̄pefjpo	ⲙ̄ⲡⲥ̄ϫⲡⲟ, ⲙ̄ⲡⲉⲥϫⲡⲟ m̄ps̄jpo, m̄pesjpo	ⲙ̄ⲡⲛ̄ϫⲡⲟ, ⲙ̄ⲡⲉⲛϫⲡⲟ m̄pn̄jpo, m̄penjpo	ⲙ̄ⲡⲉⲧⲛ̄ϫⲡⲟ m̄petn̄jpo	ⲙ̄ⲡⲟⲩϫⲡⲟ m̄poujpo	ⲙ̄ⲡⲉ- ϫⲡⲟ m̄pe- jpo
	circumstantial affirmative	ⲉⲁⲓ̈ϫⲡⲟ eaïjpo	ⲉⲁⲕϫⲡⲟ eakjpo	ⲉⲁⲣⲉϫⲡⲟ earejpo	ⲉⲁϥϫⲡⲟ eafjpo	ⲉⲁⲥϫⲡⲟ easjpo	ⲉⲁⲛϫⲡⲟ eanjpo	ⲉⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ϫⲡⲟ eatetn̄jpo	ⲉⲁⲩϫⲡⲟ eaujpo	ⲉⲁ- ϫⲡⲟ ea- jpo
	circumstantial negative	ⲉⲙⲡⲓϫⲡⲟ empijpo	ⲉⲙⲡⲕ̄ϫⲡⲟ, ⲉⲙⲡⲉⲕϫⲡⲟ empk̄jpo, empekjpo	ⲉⲙⲡⲉϫⲡⲟ, ⲉⲙⲡⲣ̄ϫⲡⲟ empejpo, empr̄jpo	ⲉⲙⲡⲕ̄ϫⲡⲟ, ⲉⲙⲡⲉⲕϫⲡⲟ empk̄jpo, empekjpo	ⲉⲙⲡⲥ̄ϫⲡⲟ, ⲉⲙⲡⲉⲥϫⲡⲟ emps̄jpo, empesjpo	ⲉⲙⲡⲛ̄ϫⲡⲟ, ⲉⲙⲡⲉⲛϫⲡⲟ empn̄jpo, empenjpo	ⲉⲙⲡⲉⲧⲛ̄ϫⲡⲟ empetn̄jpo	ⲉⲙⲡⲟⲩϫⲡⲟ empoujpo	ⲉⲙⲡⲉ- ϫⲡⲟ empe- jpo
	relative affirmative	ⲉⲧⲁⲓ̈ϫⲡⲟ, ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲓ̈ϫⲡⲟ etaïjpo, n̄taïjpo	ⲉⲧⲁⲕϫⲡⲟ, ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲕϫⲡⲟ etakjpo, n̄takjpo	ⲉⲧⲁⲣⲉϫⲡⲟ, ⲛ̄ⲧⲁϫⲡⲟϫⲡⲟ etarejpo, n̄tajpojpo	ⲉⲧⲁϥϫⲡⲟ, ⲛ̄ⲧⲁϥϫⲡⲟ etafjpo, n̄tafjpo	ⲉⲧⲁⲥϫⲡⲟ, ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲥϫⲡⲟ etasjpo, n̄tasjpo	ⲉⲧⲁⲛϫⲡⲟ, ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲛϫⲡⲟ etanjpo, n̄tanjpo	ⲉⲧⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ϫⲡⲟ, ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ϫⲡⲟ etatetn̄jpo, n̄tatetn̄jpo	ⲉⲧⲁⲩϫⲡⲟ, ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲩϫⲡⲟ etaujpo, n̄taujpo	ⲉⲧⲁ- ϫⲡⲟ, ⲛ̄ⲧⲁ- ϫⲡⲟ eta- jpo, n̄ta- jpo
	relative negative	ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲡⲓϫⲡⲟ etempijpo	ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲡⲕ̄ϫⲡⲟ, ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲡⲉⲕϫⲡⲟ etempk̄jpo, etempekjpo	ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲡⲉϫⲡⲟ, ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲡⲣ̄ϫⲡⲟ etempejpo, etempr̄jpo	ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲡⲕ̄ϫⲡⲟ, ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲡⲉⲕϫⲡⲟ etempk̄jpo, etempekjpo	ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲡⲥ̄ϫⲡⲟ, ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲡⲉⲥϫⲡⲟ etemps̄jpo, etempesjpo	ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲡⲛ̄ϫⲡⲟ, ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲡⲉⲛϫⲡⲟ etempn̄jpo, etempenjpo	ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲡⲉⲧⲛ̄ϫⲡⲟ etempetn̄jpo	ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲡⲟⲩϫⲡⲟ etempoujpo	ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲡⲉ- ϫⲡⲟ etempe- jpo
	preterite affirmative	ⲛⲉⲁⲓ̈ϫⲡⲟ neaïjpo	ⲛⲉⲁⲕϫⲡⲟ neakjpo	ⲛⲉⲁⲣⲉϫⲡⲟ nearejpo	ⲛⲉⲁϥϫⲡⲟ neafjpo	ⲛⲉⲁⲥϫⲡⲟ neasjpo	ⲛⲉⲁⲛϫⲡⲟ neanjpo	ⲛⲉⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ϫⲡⲟ neatetn̄jpo	ⲛⲉⲁⲩϫⲡⲟ neaujpo	ⲛⲉⲁ- ϫⲡⲟ nea- jpo
	preterite negative	ⲛⲉⲙⲡⲓϫⲡⲟ nempijpo	ⲛⲉⲙⲡⲕ̄ϫⲡⲟ, ⲛⲉⲙⲡⲉⲕϫⲡⲟ nempk̄jpo, nempekjpo	ⲛⲉⲙⲡⲉϫⲡⲟ, ⲛⲉⲙⲡⲣ̄ϫⲡⲟ nempejpo, nempr̄jpo	ⲛⲉⲙⲡⲕ̄ϫⲡⲟ, ⲛⲉⲙⲡⲉⲕϫⲡⲟ nempk̄jpo, nempekjpo	ⲛⲉⲙⲡⲥ̄ϫⲡⲟ, ⲛⲉⲙⲡⲉⲥϫⲡⲟ nemps̄jpo, nempesjpo	ⲛⲉⲙⲡⲛ̄ϫⲡⲟ, ⲛⲉⲙⲡⲉⲛϫⲡⲟ nempn̄jpo, nempenjpo	ⲛⲉⲙⲡⲉⲧⲛ̄ϫⲡⲟ nempetn̄jpo	ⲛⲉⲙⲡⲟⲩϫⲡⲟ nempoujpo	ⲛⲉⲙⲡⲉ- ϫⲡⲟ nempe- jpo
	focalising affirmative	ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲓ̈ϫⲡⲟ n̄taïjpo	ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲕϫⲡⲟ n̄takjpo	ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲣⲉϫⲡⲟ n̄tarejpo	ⲛ̄ⲧⲁϥϫⲡⲟ n̄tafjpo	ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲥϫⲡⲟ n̄tasjpo	ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲛϫⲡⲟ n̄tanjpo	ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ϫⲡⲟ n̄tatetn̄jpo	ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲩϫⲡⲟ n̄taujpo	ⲛ̄ⲧⲁ- ϫⲡⲟ n̄ta- jpo
expectative	basic negative	ⲙ̄ⲡⲁϯϫⲡⲟ m̄patijpo	ⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲕ̄ϫⲡⲟ m̄patk̄jpo	ⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲉϫⲡⲟ m̄patejpo	ⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧϥ̄ϫⲡⲟ m̄patf̄jpo	ⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲥ̄ϫⲡⲟ m̄pats̄jpo	ⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲛ̄ϫⲡⲟ m̄patn̄jpo	ⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ϫⲡⲟ m̄patetn̄jpo	ⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲟⲩϫⲡⲟ m̄patoujpo	ⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲉ- ϫⲡⲟ m̄pate- jpo
	circumstantial negative	ⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁϯϫⲡⲟ em̄patijpo	ⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲕ̄ϫⲡⲟ em̄patk̄jpo	ⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲉϫⲡⲟ em̄patejpo	ⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧϥ̄ϫⲡⲟ em̄patf̄jpo	ⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲥ̄ϫⲡⲟ em̄pats̄jpo	ⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲛ̄ϫⲡⲟ em̄patn̄jpo	ⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ϫⲡⲟ em̄patetn̄jpo	ⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲟⲩϫⲡⲟ em̄patoujpo	ⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲉ- ϫⲡⲟ em̄pate- jpo
	relative negative	ⲉⲧⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁϯϫⲡⲟ etem̄patijpo	ⲉⲧⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲕ̄ϫⲡⲟ etem̄patk̄jpo	ⲉⲧⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲉϫⲡⲟ etem̄patejpo	ⲉⲧⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧϥ̄ϫⲡⲟ etem̄patf̄jpo	ⲉⲧⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲥ̄ϫⲡⲟ etem̄pats̄jpo	ⲉⲧⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲛ̄ϫⲡⲟ etem̄patn̄jpo	ⲉⲧⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ϫⲡⲟ etem̄patetn̄jpo	ⲉⲧⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲟⲩϫⲡⲟ etem̄patoujpo	ⲉⲧⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲉ- ϫⲡⲟ etem̄pate- jpo
	preterite negative	ⲛⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁϯϫⲡⲟ nem̄patijpo	ⲛⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲕ̄ϫⲡⲟ nem̄patk̄jpo	ⲛⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲉϫⲡⲟ nem̄patejpo	ⲛⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧϥ̄ϫⲡⲟ nem̄patf̄jpo	ⲛⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲥ̄ϫⲡⲟ nem̄pats̄jpo	ⲛⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲛ̄ϫⲡⲟ nem̄patn̄jpo	ⲛⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ϫⲡⲟ nem̄patetn̄jpo	ⲛⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲟⲩϫⲡⲟ nem̄patoujpo	ⲛⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲉ- ϫⲡⲟ nem̄pate- jpo
aorist	basic affirmative	ϣⲁⲓ̈ϫⲡⲟ šaïjpo	ϣⲁⲕϫⲡⲟ šakjpo	ϣⲁⲣⲉϫⲡⲟ šarejpo	ϣⲁϥϫⲡⲟ šafjpo	ϣⲁⲥϫⲡⲟ šasjpo	ϣⲁⲛϫⲡⲟ šanjpo	ϣⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ϫⲡⲟ šatetn̄jpo	ϣⲁⲩϫⲡⲟ šaujpo	ϣⲁⲣⲉ- ϫⲡⲟ šare- jpo
	basic negative	ⲙⲁⲓ̈ϫⲡⲟ maïjpo	ⲙⲁⲕϫⲡⲟ makjpo	ⲙⲁⲣⲉϫⲡⲟ marejpo	ⲙⲁϥϫⲡⲟ mafjpo	ⲙⲁⲥϫⲡⲟ masjpo	ⲙⲁⲛϫⲡⲟ manjpo	ⲙⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ϫⲡⲟ matetn̄jpo	ⲙⲁⲩϫⲡⲟ maujpo	ⲙⲁⲣⲉ- ϫⲡⲟ mare- jpo
	circumstantial affirmative	ⲉϣⲁⲓ̈ϫⲡⲟ ešaïjpo	ⲉϣⲁⲕϫⲡⲟ ešakjpo	ⲉϣⲁⲣⲉϫⲡⲟ ešarejpo	ⲉϣⲁϥϫⲡⲟ ešafjpo	ⲉϣⲁⲥϫⲡⲟ ešasjpo	ⲉϣⲁⲛϫⲡⲟ ešanjpo	ⲉϣⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ϫⲡⲟ ešatetn̄jpo	ⲉϣⲁⲩϫⲡⲟ ešaujpo	ⲉϣⲁⲣⲉ- ϫⲡⲟ ešare- jpo
	circumstantial negative	ⲉⲙⲁⲓ̈ϫⲡⲟ emaïjpo	ⲉⲙⲁⲕϫⲡⲟ emakjpo	ⲉⲙⲁⲣⲉϫⲡⲟ emarejpo	ⲉⲙⲁϥϫⲡⲟ emafjpo	ⲉⲙⲁⲥϫⲡⲟ emasjpo	ⲉⲙⲁⲛϫⲡⲟ emanjpo	ⲉⲙⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ϫⲡⲟ ematetn̄jpo	ⲉⲙⲁⲩϫⲡⲟ emaujpo	ⲉⲙⲁⲣⲉ- ϫⲡⲟ emare- jpo
	relative affirmative	ⲉⲧⲉϣⲁⲓ̈ϫⲡⲟ, ⲉϣⲁⲓ̈ϫⲡⲟ etešaïjpo, ešaïjpo	ⲉⲧⲉϣⲁⲕϫⲡⲟ, ⲉϣⲁⲕϫⲡⲟ etešakjpo, ešakjpo	ⲉⲧⲉϣⲁⲣⲉϫⲡⲟ, ⲉϣⲁⲣⲉϫⲡⲟ etešarejpo, ešarejpo	ⲉⲧⲉϣⲁϥϫⲡⲟ, ⲉϣⲁϥϫⲡⲟ etešafjpo, ešafjpo	ⲉⲧⲉϣⲁⲥϫⲡⲟ, ⲉϣⲁⲥϫⲡⲟ etešasjpo, ešasjpo	ⲉⲧⲉϣⲁⲛϫⲡⲟ, ⲉϣⲁⲛϫⲡⲟ etešanjpo, ešanjpo	ⲉⲧⲉϣⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ϫⲡⲟ, ⲉϣⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ϫⲡⲟ etešatetn̄jpo, ešatetn̄jpo	ⲉⲧⲉϣⲁⲩϫⲡⲟ, ⲉϣⲁⲩϫⲡⲟ etešaujpo, ešaujpo	ⲉⲧⲉϣⲁⲣⲉ- ϫⲡⲟ, ⲉϣⲁⲣⲉ- ϫⲡⲟ etešare- jpo, ešare- jpo
	relative negative	ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲁⲓ̈ϫⲡⲟ etemaïjpo	ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲁⲕϫⲡⲟ etemakjpo	ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲁⲣⲉϫⲡⲟ etemarejpo	ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲁϥϫⲡⲟ etemafjpo	ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲁⲥϫⲡⲟ etemasjpo	ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲁⲛϫⲡⲟ etemanjpo	ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ϫⲡⲟ etematetn̄jpo	ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲁⲩϫⲡⲟ etemaujpo	ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲁⲣⲉ- ϫⲡⲟ etemare- jpo
	preterite affirmative	ⲛⲉϣⲁⲓ̈ϫⲡⲟ nešaïjpo	ⲛⲉϣⲁⲕϫⲡⲟ nešakjpo	ⲛⲉϣⲁⲣⲉϫⲡⲟ nešarejpo	ⲛⲉϣⲁϥϫⲡⲟ nešafjpo	ⲛⲉϣⲁⲥϫⲡⲟ nešasjpo	ⲛⲉϣⲁⲛϫⲡⲟ nešanjpo	ⲛⲉϣⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ϫⲡⲟ nešatetn̄jpo	ⲛⲉϣⲁⲩϫⲡⲟ nešaujpo	ⲛⲉϣⲁⲣⲉ- ϫⲡⲟ nešare- jpo
	preterite negative	ⲛⲉⲙⲁⲓ̈ϫⲡⲟ nemaïjpo	ⲛⲉⲙⲁⲕϫⲡⲟ nemakjpo	ⲛⲉⲙⲁⲣⲉϫⲡⲟ nemarejpo	ⲛⲉⲙⲁϥϫⲡⲟ nemafjpo	ⲛⲉⲙⲁⲥϫⲡⲟ nemasjpo	ⲛⲉⲙⲁⲛϫⲡⲟ nemanjpo	ⲛⲉⲙⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ϫⲡⲟ nematetn̄jpo	ⲛⲉⲙⲁⲩϫⲡⲟ nemaujpo	ⲛⲉⲙⲁⲣⲉ- ϫⲡⲟ nemare- jpo
	focalising affirmative	ⲉⲙⲁⲓ̈ϫⲡⲟ emaïjpo	ⲉⲙⲁⲕϫⲡⲟ emakjpo	ⲉⲙⲁⲣⲉϫⲡⲟ emarejpo	ⲉⲙⲁϥϫⲡⲟ emafjpo	ⲉⲙⲁⲥϫⲡⲟ emasjpo	ⲉⲙⲁⲛϫⲡⲟ emanjpo	ⲉⲙⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ϫⲡⲟ ematetn̄jpo	ⲉⲙⲁⲩϫⲡⲟ emaujpo	ⲉⲙⲁⲣⲉ- ϫⲡⲟ emare- jpo
optative	basic affirmative	ⲉⲓ̈ⲁϫⲡⲟ eïajpo	ⲉⲕⲁϫⲡⲟ ekajpo	ⲉⲣⲁϫⲡⲟ erajpo	ⲉϥⲁϫⲡⲟ efajpo	ⲉⲥⲁϫⲡⲟ esajpo	ⲉⲛⲁϫⲡⲟ enajpo	ⲉⲧⲉⲧⲛⲁϫⲡⲟ etetnajpo	ⲉⲩⲁϫⲡⲟ euajpo	ⲉⲣⲉ- ϫⲡⲟ ere- jpo
optative	basic affirmative	ⲛⲁϫⲡⲟ najpo	ⲛⲉⲕϫⲡⲟ nekjpo	ⲛⲉϫⲡⲟ nejpo	ⲛⲉϥϫⲡⲟ nefjpo	ⲛⲉⲥϫⲡⲟ nesjpo	ⲛⲉⲛϫⲡⲟ nenjpo	ⲛⲉⲧⲛ̄ϫⲡⲟ netn̄jpo	ⲛⲉⲩϫⲡⲟ neujpo	ⲛⲉ- ϫⲡⲟ ne- jpo
jussive	basic affirmative	ⲙⲁⲣⲓϫⲡⲟ marijpo	(use imperative)		ⲙⲁⲣⲉϥϫⲡⲟ marefjpo	ⲙⲁⲣⲉⲥϫⲡⲟ maresjpo	ⲙⲁⲣⲛ̄ϫⲡⲟ marn̄jpo	(use imperative)	ⲙⲁⲣⲟⲩϫⲡⲟ maroujpo	ⲙⲁⲣⲉ- ϫⲡⲟ mare- jpo
jussive	basic affirmative	ⲙ̄ⲡⲣⲧⲣⲁϫⲡⲟ m̄prtrajpo	(use imperative)		ⲙ̄ⲡⲣⲧⲣⲉϥϫⲡⲟ m̄prtrefjpo	ⲙ̄ⲡⲣⲧⲣⲉⲥϫⲡⲟ m̄prtresjpo	ⲙ̄ⲡⲣⲧⲣⲉⲛϫⲡⲟ m̄prtrenjpo	(use imperative)	ⲙ̄ⲡⲣⲧⲣⲉⲩϫⲡⲟ m̄prtreujpo	ⲙ̄ⲡⲱⲣⲧⲉ- ϫⲡⲟ m̄pōrte- jpo
subordinate clause
		ⲁⲛⲁⲕ	ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲕ	ⲛ̄ⲧⲟ	ⲛ̄ⲧⲁϥ	ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲥ	ⲁⲛⲁⲛ	ⲛ̄ⲧⲱⲧⲛ̄	ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲩ	-
conjunctive		ⲛ̄ⲧⲁϫⲡⲟ, ⲧⲁϫⲡⲟ n̄tajpo, tajpo	ⲛ̄ⲅϫⲡⲟ, ⲛ̄ⲕϫⲡⲟ, ⲕϫⲡⲟ n̄gjpo, n̄kjpo, kjpo	ⲛ̄ⲧⲉϫⲡⲟ, ⲧⲉϫⲡⲟ n̄tejpo, tejpo	ⲛ̄ϥϫⲡⲟ, ϥϫⲡⲟ n̄fjpo, fjpo	ⲛ̄ⲥϫⲡⲟ, ⲥϫⲡⲟ n̄sjpo, sjpo	ⲛ̄ⲧⲛ̄ϫⲡⲟ, ⲧⲛ̄ϫⲡⲟ n̄tn̄jpo, tn̄jpo	ⲛ̄ⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ϫⲡⲟ, ⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ϫⲡⲟ n̄tetn̄jpo, tetn̄jpo	ⲛ̄ⲥⲉϫⲡⲟ, ⲥⲉϫⲡⲟ n̄sejpo, sejpo	ⲛ̄ⲧⲉ- ϫⲡⲟ n̄te- jpo
future conjunctive		ⲧⲁⲣⲓϫⲡⲟ tarijpo	ⲧⲁⲣⲉⲕϫⲡⲟ tarekjpo	ⲧⲁⲣⲉϫⲡⲟ tarejpo	ⲧⲁⲣⲉϥϫⲡⲟ tarefjpo	ⲧⲁⲣⲉⲥϫⲡⲟ taresjpo	ⲧⲁⲣⲛ̄ϫⲡⲟ tarn̄jpo	ⲧⲁⲣⲉⲧⲛ̄ϫⲡⲟ taretn̄jpo	ⲧⲁⲣⲟⲩϫⲡⲟ taroujpo	ⲧⲁⲣⲉ- ϫⲡⲟ tare- jpo
precursive		ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲣⲓϫⲡⲟ n̄tarijpo	ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲣⲉⲕϫⲡⲟ n̄tarekjpo	ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲣⲉϫⲡⲟ n̄tarejpo	ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲣⲉϥϫⲡⲟ n̄tarefjpo	ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲣⲉⲥϫⲡⲟ n̄taresjpo	ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲣⲛ̄ϫⲡⲟ n̄tarn̄jpo	ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲣⲉⲧⲛ̄ϫⲡⲟ n̄taretn̄jpo	ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲣⲟⲩϫⲡⲟ n̄taroujpo	ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲣⲉ- ϫⲡⲟ n̄tare- jpo
limitative		ϣⲁⲛϯϫⲡⲟ šantijpo	ϣⲁⲛⲧⲕ̄ϫⲡⲟ, ϣⲁⲛⲧⲉⲕϫⲡⲟ šantk̄jpo, šantekjpo	ϣⲁⲛⲧⲉϫⲡⲟ šantejpo	ϣⲁⲛⲧϥ̄ϫⲡⲟ, ϣⲁⲛⲧⲉϥϫⲡⲟ šantf̄jpo, šantefjpo	ϣⲁⲛⲧⲥ̄ϫⲡⲟ, ϣⲁⲛⲧⲉⲥϫⲡⲟ šants̄jpo, šantesjpo	ϣⲁⲛⲧⲛ̄ϫⲡⲟ, ϣⲁⲛⲧⲉⲛϫⲡⲟ šantn̄jpo, šantenjpo	ϣⲁⲛⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ϫⲡⲟ šantetn̄jpo	ϣⲁⲛⲧⲟⲩϫⲡⲟ šantoujpo	ϣⲁⲛⲧⲉ- ϫⲡⲟ šante- jpo
conditional	long	ⲉⲓ̈ϣⲁⲛϫⲡⲟ eïšanjpo	ⲉⲕϣⲁⲛϫⲡⲟ ekšanjpo	ⲉⲣϣⲁⲛϫⲡⲟ, ⲉⲣⲉϣⲁⲛϫⲡⲟ eršanjpo, erešanjpo	ⲉϥϣⲁⲛϫⲡⲟ efšanjpo	ⲉⲥϣⲁⲛϫⲡⲟ esšanjpo	ⲉⲛϣⲁⲛϫⲡⲟ enšanjpo	ⲉϣⲁⲛⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ϫⲡⲟ ešantetn̄jpo	ⲉⲩϣⲁⲛϫⲡⲟ eušanjpo	ⲉϣⲁⲛⲧⲉ- ϫⲡⲟ, ⲉⲣϣⲁ- ϫⲡⲟ ešante- jpo, erša- jpo
conditional	short	ⲉⲓ̈ϫⲡⲟ eïjpo	ⲉⲕϫⲡⲟ ekjpo	ⲉⲣⲉϫⲡⲟ erejpo	ⲉϥϫⲡⲟ efjpo	ⲉⲥϫⲡⲟ esjpo	ⲉⲛϫⲡⲟ enjpo	ⲉⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ϫⲡⲟ etetn̄jpo	ⲉⲩϫⲡⲟ eujpo	ⲉⲣⲉ- ϫⲡⲟ ere- jpo
negated with		ⲧⲙ̄- tm̄-

Conjugation of ϫⲡⲟ (Sahidic dialect)

infinitive	affirmative	ϫⲡⲟ jpo	imperative	affirmative	ϫⲡⲟ jpo
infinitive	negative	ⲧⲙ̄ϫⲡⲟ tm̄jpo	imperative	negative	ⲙ̄ⲡⲣ̄ϫⲡⲟ m̄pr̄jpo

		singular					plural			nominal
		1st person	2nd person		3rd person		1st person	2nd person	3rd person
		1st person	masculine	feminine	masculine	feminine	1st person	2nd person	3rd person
durative sentence
		ⲁⲛⲟⲕ	ⲛ̄ⲧⲟⲕ	ⲛ̄ⲧⲟ	ⲛ̄ⲧⲟϥ	ⲛ̄ⲧⲟⲥ	ⲁⲛⲟⲛ	ⲛ̄ⲧⲱⲧⲛ̄	ⲛ̄ⲧⲟⲟⲩ	-
present	basic	ϯϫⲡⲟ tijpo	ⲕϫⲡⲟ kjpo	ⲧⲉϫⲡⲟ tejpo	ϥϫⲡⲟ fjpo	ⲥϫⲡⲟ sjpo	ⲧⲛ̄ϫⲡⲟ tn̄jpo	ⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ϫⲡⲟ tetn̄jpo	ⲥⲉϫⲡⲟ sejpo	ϫⲡⲟ jpo
	circumstantial, focalising	ⲉⲓ̈ϫⲡⲟ eïjpo	ⲉⲕϫⲡⲟ ekjpo	ⲉⲣⲉϫⲡⲟ erejpo	ⲉϥϫⲡⲟ efjpo	ⲉⲥϫⲡⲟ esjpo	ⲉⲛϫⲡⲟ enjpo	ⲉⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ϫⲡⲟ etetn̄jpo	ⲉⲩϫⲡⲟ eujpo	ⲉⲣⲉ- ϫⲡⲟ ere- jpo
	relative	ⲉϯϫⲡⲟ etijpo	ⲉⲧⲕ̄ϫⲡⲟ etk̄jpo	ⲉⲧⲉϫⲡⲟ, ⲉⲧⲉⲣⲉϫⲡⲟ etejpo, eterejpo	ⲉⲧϥ̄ϫⲡⲟ etf̄jpo	ⲉⲧⲥ̄ϫⲡⲟ ets̄jpo	ⲉⲧⲛ̄ϫⲡⲟ etn̄jpo	ⲉⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ϫⲡⲟ etetn̄jpo	ⲉⲧⲟⲩϫⲡⲟ etoujpo	ⲉⲧⲉⲣⲉ- ϫⲡⲟ etere- jpo
	preterite	ⲛⲉⲓ̈ϫⲡⲟ neïjpo	ⲛⲉⲕϫⲡⲟ nekjpo	ⲛⲉⲣⲉϫⲡⲟ nerejpo	ⲛⲉϥϫⲡⲟ nefjpo	ⲛⲉⲥϫⲡⲟ nesjpo	ⲛⲉⲛϫⲡⲟ nenjpo	ⲛⲉⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ϫⲡⲟ netetn̄jpo	ⲛⲉⲩϫⲡⲟ neujpo	ⲛⲉⲣⲉ- ϫⲡⲟ nere- jpo
future	basic	ϯⲛⲁϫⲡⲟ tinajpo	ⲕⲛⲁϫⲡⲟ knajpo	ⲧⲉⲛⲁϫⲡⲟ tenajpo	ϥⲛⲁϫⲡⲟ fnajpo	ⲥⲛⲁϫⲡⲟ snajpo	ⲧⲛ̄ⲛⲁϫⲡⲟ tn̄najpo	ⲧⲉⲧⲛⲁϫⲡⲟ tetnajpo	ⲥⲉⲛⲁϫⲡⲟ senajpo	ⲛⲁϫⲡⲟ najpo
	circumstantial, focalising	ⲉⲓ̈ⲛⲁϫⲡⲟ eïnajpo	ⲉⲕⲛⲁϫⲡⲟ eknajpo	ⲉⲣⲉⲛⲁϫⲡⲟ erenajpo	ⲉϥⲛⲁϫⲡⲟ efnajpo	ⲉⲥⲛⲁϫⲡⲟ esnajpo	ⲉⲛⲛⲁϫⲡⲟ ennajpo	ⲉⲧⲉⲧⲛⲁϫⲡⲟ etetnajpo	ⲉⲩⲛⲁϫⲡⲟ eunajpo	ⲉⲣⲉ- ⲛⲁϫⲡⲟ ere- najpo
	relative	ⲉϯⲛⲁϫⲡⲟ etinajpo	ⲉⲧⲕ̄ⲛⲁϫⲡⲟ etk̄najpo	ⲉⲧⲉⲛⲁϫⲡⲟ, ⲉⲧⲉⲣⲉⲛⲁϫⲡⲟ etenajpo, eterenajpo	ⲉⲧϥ̄ⲛⲁϫⲡⲟ etf̄najpo	ⲉⲧⲥ̄ⲛⲁϫⲡⲟ ets̄najpo	ⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲛⲁϫⲡⲟ etn̄najpo	ⲉⲧⲉⲧⲛⲁϫⲡⲟ etetnajpo	ⲉⲧⲟⲩⲛⲁϫⲡⲟ etounajpo	ⲉⲧⲉⲣⲉ- ⲛⲁϫⲡⲟ etere- najpo
	preterite	ⲛⲉⲓ̈ⲛⲁϫⲡⲟ neïnajpo	ⲛⲉⲕⲛⲁϫⲡⲟ neknajpo	ⲛⲉⲣⲉⲛⲁϫⲡⲟ nerenajpo	ⲛⲉϥⲛⲁϫⲡⲟ nefnajpo	ⲛⲉⲥⲛⲁϫⲡⲟ nesnajpo	ⲛⲉⲛⲛⲁϫⲡⲟ nennajpo	ⲛⲉⲧⲉⲧⲛⲁϫⲡⲟ netetnajpo	ⲛⲉⲩⲛⲁϫⲡⲟ neunajpo	ⲛⲉⲣⲉ- ⲛⲁϫⲡⲟ nere- najpo
negated with		(ⲛ̄-) … ⲁⲛ (n̄-) … an
non-durative sentence
		ⲁⲛⲟⲕ	ⲛ̄ⲧⲟⲕ	ⲛ̄ⲧⲟ	ⲛ̄ⲧⲟϥ	ⲛ̄ⲧⲟⲥ	ⲁⲛⲟⲛ	ⲛ̄ⲧⲱⲧⲛ̄	ⲛ̄ⲧⲟⲟⲩ	-
past	basic affirmative	ⲁⲓ̈ϫⲡⲟ aïjpo	ⲁⲕϫⲡⲟ akjpo	ⲁϫⲡⲟ, ⲁⲣϫⲡⲟ, ⲁⲣⲉϫⲡⲟ ajpo, arjpo, arejpo	ⲁϥϫⲡⲟ afjpo	ⲁⲥϫⲡⲟ asjpo	ⲁⲛϫⲡⲟ anjpo	ⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ϫⲡⲟ atetn̄jpo	ⲁⲩϫⲡⲟ aujpo	ⲁ- ϫⲡⲟ a- jpo
	basic negative	ⲙ̄ⲡⲓϫⲡⲟ m̄pijpo	ⲙ̄ⲡⲕ̄ϫⲡⲟ m̄pk̄jpo	ⲙ̄ⲡⲉϫⲡⲟ, ⲙ̄ⲡⲣ̄ϫⲡⲟ m̄pejpo, m̄pr̄jpo	ⲙ̄ⲡϥ̄ϫⲡⲟ m̄pf̄jpo	ⲙ̄ⲡⲥ̄ϫⲡⲟ m̄ps̄jpo	ⲙ̄ⲡⲛ̄ϫⲡⲟ m̄pn̄jpo	ⲙ̄ⲡⲉⲧⲛ̄ϫⲡⲟ m̄petn̄jpo	ⲙ̄ⲡⲟⲩϫⲡⲟ m̄poujpo	ⲙ̄ⲡⲉ- ϫⲡⲟ m̄pe- jpo
	circumstantial affirmative	ⲉⲁⲓ̈ϫⲡⲟ eaïjpo	ⲉⲁⲕϫⲡⲟ eakjpo	ⲉⲁϫⲡⲟ, ⲉⲁⲣϫⲡⲟ, ⲉⲁⲣⲉϫⲡⲟ eajpo, earjpo, earejpo	ⲉⲁϥϫⲡⲟ eafjpo	ⲉⲁⲥϫⲡⲟ easjpo	ⲉⲁⲛϫⲡⲟ eanjpo	ⲉⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ϫⲡⲟ eatetn̄jpo	ⲉⲁⲩϫⲡⲟ eaujpo	ⲉⲁ- ϫⲡⲟ ea- jpo
	circumstantial negative	ⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲓϫⲡⲟ em̄pijpo	ⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲕ̄ϫⲡⲟ em̄pk̄jpo	ⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲉϫⲡⲟ, ⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲣ̄ϫⲡⲟ em̄pejpo, em̄pr̄jpo	ⲉⲙ̄ⲡϥ̄ϫⲡⲟ em̄pf̄jpo	ⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲥ̄ϫⲡⲟ em̄ps̄jpo	ⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲛ̄ϫⲡⲟ em̄pn̄jpo	ⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲉⲧⲛ̄ϫⲡⲟ em̄petn̄jpo	ⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲟⲩϫⲡⲟ em̄poujpo	ⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲉ- ϫⲡⲟ em̄pe- jpo
	relative affirmative	ⲉⲛⲧⲁⲓ̈ϫⲡⲟ, ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲓ̈ϫⲡⲟ entaïjpo, n̄taïjpo	ⲉⲛⲧⲁⲕϫⲡⲟ, ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲕϫⲡⲟ entakjpo, n̄takjpo	ⲉⲛⲧⲁϫⲡⲟ, ⲛ̄ⲧⲁϫⲡⲟ, ⲉⲛⲧⲁⲣϫⲡⲟ, ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲣϫⲡⲟ, ⲉⲛⲧⲁⲣⲉϫⲡⲟ, ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲣⲉϫⲡⲟ entajpo, n̄tajpo, entarjpo, n̄tarjpo, entarejpo, n̄tarejpo	ⲉⲛⲧⲁϥϫⲡⲟ, ⲛ̄ⲧⲁϥϫⲡⲟ entafjpo, n̄tafjpo	ⲉⲛⲧⲁⲥϫⲡⲟ, ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲥϫⲡⲟ entasjpo, n̄tasjpo	ⲉⲛⲧⲁⲛϫⲡⲟ, ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲛϫⲡⲟ entanjpo, n̄tanjpo	ⲉⲛⲧⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ϫⲡⲟ, ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ϫⲡⲟ entatetn̄jpo, n̄tatetn̄jpo	ⲉⲛⲧⲁⲩϫⲡⲟ, ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲩϫⲡⲟ entaujpo, n̄taujpo	ⲉⲛⲧⲁ- ϫⲡⲟ, ⲛ̄ⲧⲁ- ϫⲡⲟ enta- jpo, n̄ta- jpo
	relative negative	ⲉⲧⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲓϫⲡⲟ etem̄pijpo	ⲉⲧⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲕ̄ϫⲡⲟ etem̄pk̄jpo	ⲉⲧⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲉϫⲡⲟ, ⲉⲧⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲣ̄ϫⲡⲟ etem̄pejpo, etem̄pr̄jpo	ⲉⲧⲉⲙ̄ⲡϥ̄ϫⲡⲟ etem̄pf̄jpo	ⲉⲧⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲥ̄ϫⲡⲟ etem̄ps̄jpo	ⲉⲧⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲛ̄ϫⲡⲟ etem̄pn̄jpo	ⲉⲧⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲉⲧⲛ̄ϫⲡⲟ etem̄petn̄jpo	ⲉⲧⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲟⲩϫⲡⲟ etem̄poujpo	ⲉⲧⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲉ- ϫⲡⲟ etem̄pe- jpo
	preterite affirmative	ⲛⲉⲁⲓ̈ϫⲡⲟ neaïjpo	ⲛⲉⲁⲕϫⲡⲟ neakjpo	ⲛⲉⲁϫⲡⲟ, ⲛⲉⲁⲣϫⲡⲟ, ⲛⲉⲁⲣⲉϫⲡⲟ neajpo, nearjpo, nearejpo	ⲛⲉⲁϥϫⲡⲟ neafjpo	ⲛⲉⲁⲥϫⲡⲟ neasjpo	ⲛⲉⲁⲛϫⲡⲟ neanjpo	ⲛⲉⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ϫⲡⲟ neatetn̄jpo	ⲛⲉⲁⲩϫⲡⲟ neaujpo	ⲛⲉⲁ- ϫⲡⲟ nea- jpo
	preterite negative	ⲛⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲓϫⲡⲟ nem̄pijpo	ⲛⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲕ̄ϫⲡⲟ nem̄pk̄jpo	ⲛⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲉϫⲡⲟ, ⲛⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲣ̄ϫⲡⲟ nem̄pejpo, nem̄pr̄jpo	ⲛⲉⲙ̄ⲡϥ̄ϫⲡⲟ nem̄pf̄jpo	ⲛⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲥ̄ϫⲡⲟ nem̄ps̄jpo	ⲛⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲛ̄ϫⲡⲟ nem̄pn̄jpo	ⲛⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲉⲧⲛ̄ϫⲡⲟ nem̄petn̄jpo	ⲛⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲟⲩϫⲡⲟ nem̄poujpo	ⲛⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲉ- ϫⲡⲟ nem̄pe- jpo
	focalising affirmative	ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲓ̈ϫⲡⲟ n̄taïjpo	ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲕϫⲡⲟ n̄takjpo	ⲛ̄ⲧⲁϫⲡⲟ, ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲣϫⲡⲟ, ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲣⲉϫⲡⲟ n̄tajpo, n̄tarjpo, n̄tarejpo	ⲛ̄ⲧⲁϥϫⲡⲟ n̄tafjpo	ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲥϫⲡⲟ n̄tasjpo	ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲛϫⲡⲟ n̄tanjpo	ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ϫⲡⲟ n̄tatetn̄jpo	ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲩϫⲡⲟ n̄taujpo	ⲛ̄ⲧⲁ- ϫⲡⲟ n̄ta- jpo
expectative	basic negative	ⲙ̄ⲡⲁϯϫⲡⲟ m̄patijpo	ⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲕ̄ϫⲡⲟ m̄patk̄jpo	ⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲉϫⲡⲟ m̄patejpo	ⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧϥ̄ϫⲡⲟ m̄patf̄jpo	ⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲥ̄ϫⲡⲟ m̄pats̄jpo	ⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲛ̄ϫⲡⲟ m̄patn̄jpo	ⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ϫⲡⲟ m̄patetn̄jpo	ⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲟⲩϫⲡⲟ m̄patoujpo	ⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲉ- ϫⲡⲟ m̄pate- jpo
	circumstantial negative	ⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁϯϫⲡⲟ em̄patijpo	ⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲕ̄ϫⲡⲟ em̄patk̄jpo	ⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲉϫⲡⲟ em̄patejpo	ⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧϥ̄ϫⲡⲟ em̄patf̄jpo	ⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲥ̄ϫⲡⲟ em̄pats̄jpo	ⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲛ̄ϫⲡⲟ em̄patn̄jpo	ⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ϫⲡⲟ em̄patetn̄jpo	ⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲟⲩϫⲡⲟ em̄patoujpo	ⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲉ- ϫⲡⲟ em̄pate- jpo
	relative negative	ⲉⲧⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁϯϫⲡⲟ etem̄patijpo	ⲉⲧⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲕ̄ϫⲡⲟ etem̄patk̄jpo	ⲉⲧⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲉϫⲡⲟ etem̄patejpo	ⲉⲧⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧϥ̄ϫⲡⲟ etem̄patf̄jpo	ⲉⲧⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲥ̄ϫⲡⲟ etem̄pats̄jpo	ⲉⲧⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲛ̄ϫⲡⲟ etem̄patn̄jpo	ⲉⲧⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ϫⲡⲟ etem̄patetn̄jpo	ⲉⲧⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲟⲩϫⲡⲟ etem̄patoujpo	ⲉⲧⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲉ- ϫⲡⲟ etem̄pate- jpo
	preterite negative	ⲛⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁϯϫⲡⲟ nem̄patijpo	ⲛⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲕ̄ϫⲡⲟ nem̄patk̄jpo	ⲛⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲉϫⲡⲟ nem̄patejpo	ⲛⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧϥ̄ϫⲡⲟ nem̄patf̄jpo	ⲛⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲥ̄ϫⲡⲟ nem̄pats̄jpo	ⲛⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲛ̄ϫⲡⲟ nem̄patn̄jpo	ⲛⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ϫⲡⲟ nem̄patetn̄jpo	ⲛⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲟⲩϫⲡⲟ nem̄patoujpo	ⲛⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲉ- ϫⲡⲟ nem̄pate- jpo
aorist	basic affirmative	ϣⲁⲓ̈ϫⲡⲟ šaïjpo	ϣⲁⲕϫⲡⲟ šakjpo	ϣⲁⲣⲉϫⲡⲟ šarejpo	ϣⲁϥϫⲡⲟ šafjpo	ϣⲁⲥϫⲡⲟ šasjpo	ϣⲁⲛϫⲡⲟ šanjpo	ϣⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ϫⲡⲟ šatetn̄jpo	ϣⲁⲩϫⲡⲟ šaujpo	ϣⲁⲣⲉ- ϫⲡⲟ šare- jpo
	basic negative	ⲙⲉⲓ̈ϫⲡⲟ meïjpo	ⲙⲉⲕϫⲡⲟ mekjpo	ⲙⲉⲣⲉϫⲡⲟ merejpo	ⲙⲉϥϫⲡⲟ mefjpo	ⲙⲉⲥϫⲡⲟ mesjpo	ⲙⲉⲛϫⲡⲟ menjpo	ⲙⲉⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ϫⲡⲟ metetn̄jpo	ⲙⲉⲩϫⲡⲟ meujpo	ⲙⲉⲣⲉ- ϫⲡⲟ mere- jpo
	circumstantial affirmative	ⲉϣⲁⲓ̈ϫⲡⲟ ešaïjpo	ⲉϣⲁⲕϫⲡⲟ ešakjpo	ⲉϣⲁⲣⲉϫⲡⲟ ešarejpo	ⲉϣⲁϥϫⲡⲟ ešafjpo	ⲉϣⲁⲥϫⲡⲟ ešasjpo	ⲉϣⲁⲛϫⲡⲟ ešanjpo	ⲉϣⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ϫⲡⲟ ešatetn̄jpo	ⲉϣⲁⲩϫⲡⲟ ešaujpo	ⲉϣⲁⲣⲉ- ϫⲡⲟ ešare- jpo
	circumstantial negative	ⲉⲙⲉⲓ̈ϫⲡⲟ emeïjpo	ⲉⲙⲉⲕϫⲡⲟ emekjpo	ⲉⲙⲉⲣⲉϫⲡⲟ emerejpo	ⲉⲙⲉϥϫⲡⲟ emefjpo	ⲉⲙⲉⲥϫⲡⲟ emesjpo	ⲉⲙⲉⲛϫⲡⲟ emenjpo	ⲉⲙⲉⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ϫⲡⲟ emetetn̄jpo	ⲉⲙⲉⲩϫⲡⲟ emeujpo	ⲉⲙⲉⲣⲉ- ϫⲡⲟ emere- jpo
	relative affirmative	ⲉⲧⲉϣⲁⲓ̈ϫⲡⲟ, ⲉϣⲁⲓ̈ϫⲡⲟ etešaïjpo, ešaïjpo	ⲉⲧⲉϣⲁⲕϫⲡⲟ, ⲉϣⲁⲕϫⲡⲟ etešakjpo, ešakjpo	ⲉⲧⲉϣⲁⲣⲉϫⲡⲟ, ⲉϣⲁⲣⲉϫⲡⲟ etešarejpo, ešarejpo	ⲉⲧⲉϣⲁϥϫⲡⲟ, ⲉϣⲁϥϫⲡⲟ etešafjpo, ešafjpo	ⲉⲧⲉϣⲁⲥϫⲡⲟ, ⲉϣⲁⲥϫⲡⲟ etešasjpo, ešasjpo	ⲉⲧⲉϣⲁⲛϫⲡⲟ, ⲉϣⲁⲛϫⲡⲟ etešanjpo, ešanjpo	ⲉⲧⲉϣⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ϫⲡⲟ, ⲉϣⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ϫⲡⲟ etešatetn̄jpo, ešatetn̄jpo	ⲉⲧⲉϣⲁⲩϫⲡⲟ, ⲉϣⲁⲩϫⲡⲟ etešaujpo, ešaujpo	ⲉⲧⲉϣⲁⲣⲉ- ϫⲡⲟ, ⲉϣⲁⲣⲉ- ϫⲡⲟ etešare- jpo, ešare- jpo
	relative negative	ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲉⲓ̈ϫⲡⲟ etemeïjpo	ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲉⲕϫⲡⲟ etemekjpo	ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲉⲣⲉϫⲡⲟ etemerejpo	ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲉϥϫⲡⲟ etemefjpo	ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲉⲥϫⲡⲟ etemesjpo	ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲉⲛϫⲡⲟ etemenjpo	ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲉⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ϫⲡⲟ etemetetn̄jpo	ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲉⲩϫⲡⲟ etemeujpo	ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲉⲣⲉ- ϫⲡⲟ etemere- jpo
	preterite affirmative	ⲛⲉϣⲁⲓ̈ϫⲡⲟ nešaïjpo	ⲛⲉϣⲁⲕϫⲡⲟ nešakjpo	ⲛⲉϣⲁⲣⲉϫⲡⲟ nešarejpo	ⲛⲉϣⲁϥϫⲡⲟ nešafjpo	ⲛⲉϣⲁⲥϫⲡⲟ nešasjpo	ⲛⲉϣⲁⲛϫⲡⲟ nešanjpo	ⲛⲉϣⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ϫⲡⲟ nešatetn̄jpo	ⲛⲉϣⲁⲩϫⲡⲟ nešaujpo	ⲛⲉϣⲁⲣⲉ- ϫⲡⲟ nešare- jpo
	preterite negative	ⲛⲉⲙⲉⲓ̈ϫⲡⲟ nemeïjpo	ⲛⲉⲙⲉⲕϫⲡⲟ nemekjpo	ⲛⲉⲙⲉⲣⲉϫⲡⲟ nemerejpo	ⲛⲉⲙⲉϥϫⲡⲟ nemefjpo	ⲛⲉⲙⲉⲥϫⲡⲟ nemesjpo	ⲛⲉⲙⲉⲛϫⲡⲟ nemenjpo	ⲛⲉⲙⲉⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ϫⲡⲟ nemetetn̄jpo	ⲛⲉⲙⲉⲩϫⲡⲟ nemeujpo	ⲛⲉⲙⲉⲣⲉ- ϫⲡⲟ nemere- jpo
	focalising affirmative	ⲉⲙⲉⲓ̈ϫⲡⲟ emeïjpo	ⲉⲙⲉⲕϫⲡⲟ emekjpo	ⲉⲙⲉⲣⲉϫⲡⲟ emerejpo	ⲉⲙⲉϥϫⲡⲟ emefjpo	ⲉⲙⲉⲥϫⲡⲟ emesjpo	ⲉⲙⲉⲛϫⲡⲟ emenjpo	ⲉⲙⲉⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ϫⲡⲟ emetetn̄jpo	ⲉⲙⲉⲩϫⲡⲟ emeujpo	ⲉⲙⲉⲣⲉ- ϫⲡⲟ emere- jpo
optative	basic affirmative	ⲉⲓ̈ⲉϫⲡⲟ eïejpo	ⲉⲕⲉϫⲡⲟ ekejpo	ⲉⲣⲉϫⲡⲟ erejpo	ⲉϥⲉϫⲡⲟ efejpo	ⲉⲥⲉϫⲡⲟ esejpo	ⲉⲛⲉϫⲡⲟ enejpo	ⲉⲧⲉⲧⲛⲉϫⲡⲟ etetnejpo	ⲉⲩⲉϫⲡⲟ euejpo	ⲉⲣⲉ- ϫⲡⲟ ere- jpo
optative	basic affirmative	ⲛ̄ⲛⲁϫⲡⲟ n̄najpo	ⲛ̄ⲛⲉⲕϫⲡⲟ n̄nekjpo	ⲛ̄ⲛⲉϫⲡⲟ n̄nejpo	ⲛ̄ⲛⲉϥϫⲡⲟ n̄nefjpo	ⲛ̄ⲛⲉⲥϫⲡⲟ n̄nesjpo	ⲛ̄ⲛⲉⲛϫⲡⲟ n̄nenjpo	ⲛ̄ⲛⲉⲧⲛ̄ϫⲡⲟ n̄netn̄jpo	ⲛ̄ⲛⲉⲩϫⲡⲟ n̄neujpo	ⲛ̄ⲛⲉ- ϫⲡⲟ n̄ne- jpo
jussive	basic affirmative	ⲙⲁⲣⲓϫⲡⲟ marijpo	(use imperative)		ⲙⲁⲣⲉϥϫⲡⲟ marefjpo	ⲙⲁⲣⲉⲥϫⲡⲟ maresjpo	ⲙⲁⲣⲛ̄ϫⲡⲟ marn̄jpo	(use imperative)	ⲙⲁⲣⲟⲩϫⲡⲟ maroujpo	ⲙⲁⲣⲉ- ϫⲡⲟ mare- jpo
jussive	basic affirmative	ⲙ̄ⲡⲣ̄ⲧⲣⲁϫⲡⲟ m̄pr̄trajpo	(use imperative)		ⲙ̄ⲡⲣ̄ⲧⲣⲉϥϫⲡⲟ m̄pr̄trefjpo	ⲙ̄ⲡⲣ̄ⲧⲣⲉⲥϫⲡⲟ m̄pr̄tresjpo	ⲙ̄ⲡⲣ̄ⲧⲣⲉⲛϫⲡⲟ m̄pr̄trenjpo	(use imperative)	ⲙ̄ⲡⲣ̄ⲧⲣⲉⲩϫⲡⲟ m̄pr̄treujpo	ⲙ̄ⲡⲣ̄ⲧⲣⲉ- ϫⲡⲟ m̄pr̄tre- jpo
subordinate clause
		ⲁⲛⲟⲕ	ⲛ̄ⲧⲟⲕ	ⲛ̄ⲧⲟ	ⲛ̄ⲧⲟϥ	ⲛ̄ⲧⲟⲥ	ⲁⲛⲟⲛ	ⲛ̄ⲧⲱⲧⲛ̄	ⲛ̄ⲧⲟⲟⲩ	-
conjunctive		ⲛ̄ⲧⲁϫⲡⲟ, ⲧⲁϫⲡⲟ n̄tajpo, tajpo	ⲛ̄ⲅϫⲡⲟ, ⲛ̄ⲕϫⲡⲟ n̄gjpo, n̄kjpo	ⲛ̄ⲧⲉϫⲡⲟ n̄tejpo	ⲛ̄ϥϫⲡⲟ n̄fjpo	ⲛ̄ⲥϫⲡⲟ n̄sjpo	ⲛ̄ⲧⲛ̄ϫⲡⲟ n̄tn̄jpo	ⲛ̄ⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ϫⲡⲟ n̄tetn̄jpo	ⲛ̄ⲥⲉϫⲡⲟ n̄sejpo	ⲛ̄ⲧⲉ- ϫⲡⲟ n̄te- jpo
future conjunctive		ⲧⲁⲣⲓϫⲡⲟ tarijpo	ⲧⲁⲣⲉⲕϫⲡⲟ tarekjpo	ⲧⲁⲣⲉϫⲡⲟ tarejpo	ⲧⲁⲣⲉϥϫⲡⲟ tarefjpo	ⲧⲁⲣⲉⲥϫⲡⲟ taresjpo	ⲧⲁⲣⲛ̄ϫⲡⲟ tarn̄jpo	ⲧⲁⲣⲉⲧⲛ̄ϫⲡⲟ taretn̄jpo	ⲧⲁⲣⲟⲩϫⲡⲟ taroujpo	ⲧⲁⲣⲉ- ϫⲡⲟ tare- jpo
precursive		ⲛ̄ⲧⲉⲣⲓϫⲡⲟ n̄terijpo	ⲛ̄ⲧⲉⲣⲉⲕϫⲡⲟ n̄terekjpo	ⲛ̄ⲧⲉⲣⲉϫⲡⲟ, ⲛ̄ⲧⲉⲣⲉⲣϫⲡⲟ n̄terejpo, n̄tererjpo	ⲛ̄ⲧⲉⲣⲉϥϫⲡⲟ n̄terefjpo	ⲛ̄ⲧⲉⲣⲉⲥϫⲡⲟ n̄teresjpo	ⲛ̄ⲧⲉⲣⲛ̄ϫⲡⲟ, ⲛ̄ⲧⲉⲣⲉⲛϫⲡⲟ n̄tern̄jpo, n̄terenjpo	ⲛ̄ⲧⲉⲣⲉⲧⲛ̄ϫⲡⲟ n̄teretn̄jpo	ⲛ̄ⲧⲉⲣⲟⲩϫⲡⲟ n̄teroujpo	ⲛ̄ⲧⲉⲣⲉ- ϫⲡⲟ n̄tere- jpo
limitative		ϣⲁⲛϯϫⲡⲟ šantijpo	ϣⲁⲛⲧⲕ̄ϫⲡⲟ šantk̄jpo	ϣⲁⲛⲧⲉϫⲡⲟ šantejpo	ϣⲁⲛⲧϥ̄ϫⲡⲟ šantf̄jpo	ϣⲁⲛⲧⲥ̄ϫⲡⲟ šants̄jpo	ϣⲁⲛⲧⲛ̄ϫⲡⲟ šantn̄jpo	ϣⲁⲛⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ϫⲡⲟ šantetn̄jpo	ϣⲁⲛⲧⲟⲩϫⲡⲟ šantoujpo	ϣⲁⲛⲧⲉ- ϫⲡⲟ šante- jpo
conditional	long	ⲉⲓ̈ϣⲁⲛϫⲡⲟ eïšanjpo	ⲉⲕϣⲁⲛϫⲡⲟ ekšanjpo	ⲉⲣϣⲁⲛϫⲡⲟ, ⲉⲣⲉϣⲁⲛϫⲡⲟ eršanjpo, erešanjpo	ⲉϥϣⲁⲛϫⲡⲟ efšanjpo	ⲉⲥϣⲁⲛϫⲡⲟ esšanjpo	ⲉⲛϣⲁⲛϫⲡⲟ enšanjpo	ⲉⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ϣⲁⲛϫⲡⲟ etetn̄šanjpo	ⲉⲩϣⲁⲛϫⲡⲟ eušanjpo	ⲉⲣϣⲁⲛ- ϫⲡⲟ eršan- jpo
conditional	short	ⲉⲓ̈ϫⲡⲟ eïjpo	ⲉⲕϫⲡⲟ ekjpo	ⲉⲣⲉϫⲡⲟ erejpo	ⲉϥϫⲡⲟ efjpo	ⲉⲥϫⲡⲟ esjpo	ⲉⲛϫⲡⲟ enjpo	ⲉⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ϫⲡⲟ etetn̄jpo	ⲉⲩϫⲡⲟ eujpo	ⲉⲣⲉ- ϫⲡⲟ ere- jpo
negated with		ⲧⲙ̄- tm̄-

Noun

ϫⲡⲟ • (jpo) m

Derived terms

ⲁⲧϫⲡⲟϥ (atjpof, “unborn”)
ⲣⲉϥϫⲡⲟ (refjpo, “begetter, maker”)
ϭⲓⲛϫⲡⲟ (činjpo, “fathering; generation”)

References

Crum, Walter E. (1939), A Coptic Dictionary‎^[1], Oxford: Clarendon Press, →ISBN, page 778b
Černý, Jaroslav (1976), Coptic Etymological Dictionary, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, →ISBN, page 318
TLA lemma no. C7299 (ϫⲡⲟ), in: Coptic Dictionary Online, ed. by the Koptische/Coptic Electronic Language and Literature International Alliance (KELLIA), [2]
TLA lemma no. C7300 (ϫⲡⲟ), in: Coptic Dictionary Online, ed. by the Koptische/Coptic Electronic Language and Literature International Alliance (KELLIA), [3]