λύγξ

See also: Λυγξ and λυγξ

Ancient Greek

Pronunciation

(5^th BCE Attic) IPA^(key): /lýŋks/
(1^st CE Egyptian) IPA^(key): /ˈlyŋks/
(4^th CE Koine) IPA^(key): /ˈlyŋks/
(10^th CE Byzantine) IPA^(key): /ˈlyŋks/
(15^th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA^(key): /ˈliŋks/

Etymology 1

From Proto-Hellenic *lúnks, from Proto-Indo-European *lú(n)ḱs (“lynx”), probably from a nasal-infixed palatal variant of the root *lewk- (“white; light; bright”), because of the cat's seemingly glowing eyes and ability to see in the dark.

Compare Proto-Germanic *luhsaz, Lithuanian lū́šis, Old Armenian լուսանունք (lusanunkʻ, “lynxes”)), and for the sense of "light," λευκός (leukós), Sanskrit रोचते (rocate), Middle Persian 𐭩𐭥𐭬 (rōz [YWM], “day”) and Old English lēoht (noun; English light).

Noun

λῠ́γξ • (lŭ́nx) m or f (genitive λῠγκός); third declension

lynx

Declension

Third declension of ὁ / ἡ λῠ́γξ; τοῦ / τῆς λῠγκός (Attic)

Case / #	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	ὁ / ἡ λῠ́γξ ho / hē lŭ́nx	τὼ λῠ́γκε tṑ lŭ́nke	οἱ / αἱ λῠ́γκες hoi / hai lŭ́nkes
Genitive	τοῦ / τῆς λῠγκός toû / tês lŭnkós	τοῖν λῠγκοῖν toîn lŭnkoîn	τῶν λῠγκῶν tôn lŭnkôn
Dative	τῷ / τῇ λῠγκῐ́ tōî / tēî lŭnkĭ́	τοῖν λῠγκοῖν toîn lŭnkoîn	τοῖς / ταῖς λῠγξῐ́ / λῠγξῐ́ν toîs / taîs lŭnxĭ́(n)
Accusative	τὸν / τὴν λῠ́γκᾰ tòn / tḕn lŭ́nkă	τὼ λῠ́γκε tṑ lŭ́nke	τοὺς / τᾱ̀ς λῠ́γκᾰς toùs / tā̀s lŭ́nkăs
Vocative	λῠ́γξ lŭ́nx	λῠ́γκε lŭ́nke	λῠ́γκες lŭ́nkes
Notes:	This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For declension in other dialects, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal declension.

Derived terms

λῐγγούρῐον (lĭngoúrĭon)
λῠ́γγῐος (lŭ́ngĭos)
λῠγγούρῐον (lŭngoúrĭon)
λῠ́γκειος (lŭ́nkeios)
λῠγκεύς (lŭnkeús)
Λῠγκεύς (Lŭnkeús)
λῠγκῐκός (lŭnkĭkós)
λῠγκῐ́ον (lŭnkĭ́on)
λῠγκούρῐον (lŭnkoúrĭon)
λῠ́κολῠγξ (lŭ́kolŭnx)

Descendants

→ Latin: lynx (see there for further descendants)

Etymology 2

Probably from Proto-Indo-European *lewǵ- (“to break; to shatter”). Related to Latin lugeō (“to mourn; to grieve”), Sanskrit रु॒जति॑ (rujáti, “to break open; to shatter; to injure; to cause pain”).

Noun

λῠ́γξ • (lŭ́nx) f (genitive λῠγγός); third declension

hiccup

Declension

Third declension of ἡ λῠ́γξ; τῆς λῠγγός (Attic)

Case / #	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	ἡ λῠ́γξ hē lŭ́nx	τὼ λῠ́γγε tṑ lŭ́nge	αἱ λῠ́γγες hai lŭ́nges
Genitive	τῆς λῠγγός tês lŭngós	τοῖν λῠγγοῖν toîn lŭngoîn	τῶν λῠγγῶν tôn lŭngôn
Dative	τῇ λῠγγῐ́ tēî lŭngĭ́	τοῖν λῠγγοῖν toîn lŭngoîn	ταῖς λῠγξῐ́ / λῠγξῐ́ν taîs lŭnxĭ́(n)
Accusative	τὴν λῠ́γγᾰ tḕn lŭ́ngă	τὼ λῠ́γγε tṑ lŭ́nge	τᾱ̀ς λῠ́γγᾰς tā̀s lŭ́ngăs
Vocative	λῠ́γξ lŭ́nx	λῠ́γγε lŭ́nge	λῠ́γγες lŭ́nges
Notes:	This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For declension in other dialects, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal declension.

Derived terms

ᾰ̓λᾰ́λῠγξ (ălắlŭnx)
λῠγκαίνω (lŭnkaínō)

References

“λύγξ”, in Liddell & Scott (1940), A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
Woodhouse, S. C. (1910), English–Greek Dictionary: A Vocabulary of the Attic Language‎^[1], London: Routledge & Kegan Paul Limited, pages 506, 398