34th Canadian Parliament
| 34th Canadian Parliament | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Majority parliament | |||
| Dec. 12, 1988 – Sep. 8, 1993 | |||
| Parliament leaders | |||
| Prime minister | Rt. Hon. Brian Mulroney Sep. 17, 1984 – Jun. 25, 1993 | ||
| Rt. Hon. Kim Campbell Jun. 25, 1993 – Nov. 4, 1993 | |||
| Cabinets | 24th Canadian Ministry 25th Canadian Ministry | ||
| Leader of the Opposition | Rt. Hon. John Turner September 17, 1984 – February 7, 1990 | ||
| Hon. Herb Gray February 8, 1990 – December 20, 1990 | |||
| Hon. Jean Chrétien December 21, 1990 – October 24, 1993 | |||
| Party caucuses | |||
| Government | Progressive Conservative Party | ||
| Opposition | Liberal Party | ||
| Recognized | New Democratic Party | ||
| House of Commons | |||
Seating arrangements of the House of Commons | |||
| Speaker of the Commons | Hon. John Allen Fraser September 30, 1986 – January 16, 1994 | ||
| Government House leader | Hon. Don Mazankowski June 30, 1986 – December 30, 1988 | ||
| Hon. Doug Lewis April 3, 1989 – February 22, 1990 | |||
| Hon. Harvie Andre February 23, 1990 – June 24, 1993 | |||
| Hon. Doug Lewis June 25, 1993 – November 3, 1993 | |||
| Opposition House leader | Hon. Herb Gray September 18, 1984 – February 7, 1990 | ||
| Hon. Jean-Robert Gauthier February 7, 1990 – January 29, 1991 | |||
| Hon. David Charles Dingwall January 30, 1991 – May 8, 1993 | |||
| Members | 295 MP seats List of members | ||
| Senate | |||
Seating arrangements of the Senate | |||
| Speaker of the Senate | Hon. Guy Charbonneau November 2, 1984 – December 6, 1993 | ||
| Government Senate leader | Hon. Lowell Murray June 30, 1986 – November 3, 1993 | ||
| Opposition Senate leader | Hon. Allan MacEachen September 16, 1984 – November 30, 1991 | ||
| Hon. Royce Herbert Frith November 30, 1991 – October 25, 1993 | |||
| Senators | 104 senator seats List of senators | ||
| Sovereign | |||
| Monarch | Elizabeth II 6 February 1952 – 8 September 2022 | ||
| Governor general | Jeanne Sauvé 14 May 1984 – 28 January 1990 | ||
| Ray Hnatyshyn 29 January 1990 – 8 February 1995 | |||
| Sessions | |||
| 1st session December 12, 1988 – February 28, 1989 | |||
| 2nd session April 3, 1989 – May 12, 1991 | |||
| 3rd session May 13, 1991 – September 8, 1993 | |||
| |||
The 34th Canadian Parliament was in session from December 12, 1988, until September 8, 1993. The membership was set by the 1988 federal election on November 21, 1988, and it changed only somewhat due to resignations and by-elections until it was dissolved prior to the 1993 election.
It was controlled by a Progressive Conservative Party majority, led first by Prime Minister Brian Mulroney and the 24th Canadian Ministry, and then Prime Minister Kim Campbell and the 25th Canadian Ministry. The official opposition was the Liberal Party, led first by John Turner, and after 1990, by Jean Chrétien.
The speaker of the House of Commons was John Allen Fraser. See also list of Canadian electoral districts 1987-1997 for a list of the ridings in this parliament.
There were three sessions of the 34th Parliament:
| Session | Start | End |
|---|---|---|
| 1st | December 12, 1988 | February 28, 1989 |
| 2nd | April 3, 1989 | May 12, 1991 |
| 3rd | May 13, 1991 | September 8, 1993 |
Party standings
|
Category |
The party standings as of the election and as of dissolution were as follows:
| Affiliation | House members | Senate members | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1988 election results |
At dissolution | On election day 1988[a] |
At dissolution | ||
| Progressive Conservative | 169 | 156 | 36 | 58 | |
| Liberal | 83 | 81 | 57 | 41 | |
| New Democratic | 43 | 44 | 0 | 0 | |
| Bloc Québécois | 0 | 10 | 0 | 0 | |
| Reform | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0** | |
| Independent | 0 | 3 | 5 | 5 | |
| Total members | 295 | 295 | 98 | 104 | |
| Vacant | 0 | 0 | 6 | 0 | |
| Total seats | 295 | 104*** | |||
* After dissolution but before turning over power to Kim Campbell, Brian Mulroney filled all Senate vacancies with Progressive Conservative members, for a total caucus of 58.
** There was one Reform senator in the middle of the 34th Parliament.
*** In the middle of the 34th Parliament, Brian Mulroney used a little-known clause in the constitution to fill the Senate above its normal seat limit by eight, to 112.
Members of the House of Commons
Members of the House of Commons in the 34th parliament arranged by province.
Key:
- Party leaders are italicized.
- Parliamentary secretaries is indicated by "‡".
- Cabinet ministers are in boldface.
- The Prime Minister is both.
- The Speaker is indicated by "(†)".
Newfoundland
| Riding | Member | Political party | First elected / previously elected | No. of terms | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Bonavista—Trinity—Conception | Fred Mifflin | Liberal | 1988 | 1st term | |
| Burin—St. George's | Roger Simmons | Liberal | 1979, 1988 | 3rd term* | |
| Gander—Grand-Falls | George Baker | Liberal | 1974 | 5th term | |
| Humber—St. Barbe—Baie Verte | Brian Tobin | Liberal | 1980 | 3rd term | |
| Labrador | Bill Rompkey | Liberal | 1972 | 6th term | |
| St. John's East | Ross Reid ‡ | Progressive Conservative | 1988 | 1st term | |
| St. John's West | John Crosbie | Progressive Conservative | 1976 | 5th term |
Prince Edward Island
| Riding | Member | Political party | First elected / previously elected | No. of terms | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Cardigan | Lawrence MacAulay | Liberal | 1988 | 1st term | |
| Egmont | Joe McGuire | Liberal | 1988 | 1st term | |
| Hillsborough | George Proud | Liberal | 1988 | 1st term | |
| Malpeque | Catherine Callbeck | Liberal | 1988 | 1st term |
Nova Scotia
| Riding | Member | Political party | First elected / previously elected | No. of terms | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Annapolis Valley—Hants | Pat Nowlan | Progressive Conservative | 1965 | 8th term | |
| Independent Conservative ¥ | |||||
| Cape Breton Highlands—Canso | Francis LeBlanc | Liberal | 1988 | 1st term | |
| Cape Breton—East Richmond | David Dingwall | Liberal | 1980 | 3rd term | |
| Cape Breton—The Sydneys | Russell MacLellan | Liberal | 1979 | 4th term | |
| Central Nova | Elmer MacKay | Progressive Conservative | 1971, 1984 | 7th term* | |
| Cumberland—Colchester | Bill Casey | Progressive Conservative | 1988 | 1st term | |
| Dartmouth | Ron MacDonald | Liberal | 1988 | 1st term | |
| Halifax | Mary Clancy | Liberal | 1988 | 1st term | |
| Halifax West | Howard Crosby ‡ | Progressive Conservative | 1978 | 5th term | |
| South Shore | Peter McCreath ‡ | Progressive Conservative | 1988 | 1st term | |
| South West Nova | Coline Campbell | Liberal | 1974, 1980, 1988 | 3rd term* |
- ¥ Pat Nowlan quit the Tory party on October 24, 1990, to protest against the introduction of the Goods and Services Tax. He sat as an "Independent Conservative" for the remainder of the parliament.
New Brunswick
| Riding | Member | Political party | First elected / previously elected | No. of terms | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Beauséjour | Fernand Robichaud (until September 1990) | Liberal * | 1984 | 2nd term | |
| Jean Chrétien (from December 1990) | Liberal * | 1963,[b] 1990 | 9th term* | ||
| Carleton—Charlotte | Greg Thompson | Progressive Conservative | 1988 | 1st term | |
| Fredericton | Bud Bird | Progressive Conservative | 1988 | 1st term | |
| Fundy—Royal | Robert Corbett | Progressive Conservative | 1978 | 5th term | |
| Gloucester | Doug Young | Liberal | 1988 | 1st term | |
| Madawaska—Victoria | Bernard Valcourt | Progressive Conservative | 1984 | 2nd term | |
| Miramichi | Maurice Dionne | Liberal | 1974, 1988 | 4th term* | |
| Moncton | George Rideout | Liberal | 1988 | 1st term | |
| Restigouche—Chaleur | Guy Arseneault | Liberal | 1988 | 1st term | |
| Saint John | Gerald Merrithew | Progressive Conservative | 1984 | 1st term |
- * When Jean Chrétien was elected Liberal leader in 1990, Fernand Robichaud stepped aside 24 September 1990 to cause a by-election that would allow Chrétien to enter Parliament. Chrétien was elected in the December 10 by-election.
Quebec
- ₴ On August 23, 1992 Jean Lapierre resigned from parliament and the seat remains vacant for the reminder of parliament
- § Just before the 1993 election, Gilles Bernier left the Tories to sit as an independent
- † On May 5, 1990, seven Conservative and two Liberal MPs, led by Lucien Bouchard, left their parties to form the Bloc Québécois
- ‡ Richard Grisé left Parliament after being sentenced to jail for corruption. He was replaced by Philip Edmonston in a February 12, 1990 by-election.
- Ø Jean-Claude Malépart died in office on September 16, 1989. The next year he was replaced by Gilles Duceppe in a by-election.
- Δ On June 17, 1993, Denis Pronovost left the PC party to sit as an independent following conviction on criminal charges.
Ontario
- ± Ed Broadbent retired from politics and was replaced by Michael Breaugh on October 13, 1990, after a by-election.
Manitoba
| Riding | Member | Political party | First elected / previously elected | No. of terms | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Brandon—Souris | Lee Clark ‡ | Progressive Conservative | 1983 | 3rd term | |
| Churchill | Rodney Murphy | New Democrat | 1979 | 4th term | |
| Dauphin—Swan River | Brian White | Progressive Conservative | 1984 | 2nd term | |
| Lisgar—Marquette | Charles Mayer | Progressive Conservative | 1979 | 4th term | |
| Portage—Interlake | Felix Holtmann | Progressive Conservative | 1984 | 2nd term | |
| Provencher | Jake Epp | Progressive Conservative | 1972 | 6th term | |
| Selkirk—Red River | David Bjornson | Progressive Conservative | 1988 | 1st term | |
| Saint Boniface | Ron Duhamel | Liberal | 1988 | 1st term | |
| Winnipeg North Centre | David Walker | Liberal | 1988 | 1st term | |
| Winnipeg North | Rey Pagtakhan | Liberal | 1988 | 1st term | |
| Winnipeg South | Dorothy Dobbie ‡ | Progressive Conservative | 1988 | 1st term | |
| Winnipeg St. James | John Harvard | Liberal | 1988 | 1st term | |
| Winnipeg South Centre | Lloyd Axworthy | Liberal | 1979 | 4th term | |
| Winnipeg—Transcona | Bill Blaikie | New Democrat | 1979 | 4th term |
Saskatchewan
| Riding | Member | Political party | First elected / previously elected | No. of terms | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Kindersley—Lloydminster | Bill McKnight | Progressive Conservative | 1979 | 4th term | |
| Mackenzie | Vic Althouse | New Democrat | 1980 | 3rd term | |
| Moose Jaw—Lake Centre | Rod Laporte | New Democrat | 1988 | 1st term | |
| Prince Albert—Churchill River | Ray Funk | New Democrat | 1988 | 1st term | |
| Regina—Lumsden | Les Benjamin | New Democrat | 1968 | 7th term | |
| Regina—Qu'Appelle | Simon De Jong | New Democrat | 1979 | 4th term | |
| Regina—Wascana | Larry Schneider | Progressive Conservative | 1988 | 1st term | |
| Saskatoon—Clark's Crossing | Chris Axworthy | New Democrat | 1988 | 1st term | |
| Saskatoon—Dundurn | Ron Fisher | New Democrat | 1988 | 1st term | |
| Saskatoon—Humboldt | Stan Hovdebo | New Democrat | 1979 | 4th term | |
| Souris—Moose Mountain | Lenard Gustafson ‡ | Progressive Conservative | 1979 | 4th term | |
| Swift Current—Maple Creek—Assiniboia | Geoff Wilson | Progressive Conservative | 1984 | 2nd term | |
| The Battlefords—Meadow Lake | Len Taylor | New Democrat | 1988 | 1st term | |
| Yorkton—Melville | Lorne Nystrom | New Democrat | 1968 | 7th term |
Alberta
- ÷ John Dahmer died on November 26, 1988, after winning election but before being formally sworn in as a Member of Parliament. He was replaced by Deborah Grey in a 13 March 1989 by-election.
- ¥ Alex Kindy quit the Tory party on May 5, 1993, in protest over the GST. He sat as an Independent for the remainder of the parliament.
- ≈ David Kilgour quit the Tory party on October 24, 1990, in protest over the GST. He later joined the Liberals. (In 2005, he left the Liberals to sit as an independent.)
British Columbia
- * Chuck Cook died in office on February 23, 1993 and the seat remains vacant for the reminder of parliament
Territories
| Riding | Member | Political party | First elected / previously elected | No. of terms | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Western Arctic | Ethel Blondin-Andrew | Liberal | 1988 | 1st term | |
| Nunatsiaq | Jack Anawak | Liberal | 1988 | 1st term | |
| Yukon | Audrey McLaughlin | New Democrat | 1987 | 2nd term |
By-elections
| By-election | Date | Incumbent | Party | Winner | Party | Cause | Retained | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Beauséjour | December 10, 1990 | Fernand Robichaud | Liberal | Jean Chrétien | Liberal | Resignation to provide a seat for Chrétien | Yes | ||
| York North | December 10, 1990 | Maurizio Bevilacqua | Liberal | Maurizio Bevilacqua | Liberal | Election declared void | Yes | ||
| Oshawa | August 13, 1990 | Ed Broadbent | New Democratic | Mike Breaugh | New Democratic | Resignation | Yes | ||
| Laurier—Sainte-Marie | August 13, 1990 | Jean-Claude Malépart | Liberal | Gilles Duceppe | Independent | Death | No | ||
| Chambly | February 12, 1990 | Richard Grisé | Progressive Conservative | Phil Edmonston | New Democratic | Resignation | No | ||
| Beaver River | March 13, 1989 | John Dahmer | Progressive Conservative | Deborah Grey | Reform | Death (cancer) | No | ||
Notes
- ^ Members of the Canadian Senate are appointed by the governor general on the advice of the prime minister and remain as senators until the age of 75, even if the House of Commons has been dissolved or an election has been called.
- ^ Saint-Maurice—Laflèche/Saint-Maurice (Quebec)
- ^ Ottawa Centre (Ontario)
- ^ Prince/Egmont (PEI)
- ^ St. Catharines/Welland
- ^ Don Valley
- ^ St. Lawrence—St. George (Quebec)/Ottawa—Carleton (Ontario)
References
- Government of Canada. "24th Ministry". Guide to Canadian Ministries since Confederation. Privy Council Office. Retrieved 2006-11-09.
- Government of Canada. "25th Ministry". Guide to Canadian Ministries since Confederation. Privy Council Office. Retrieved 2006-11-09.
- Government of Canada. "34th Parliament". Members of the House of Commons: 1867 to Date: By Parliament. Library of Parliament. Archived from the original on 2006-12-20. Retrieved 2006-11-30.
- Government of Canada. "Duration of Sessions". Library of Parliament. Retrieved 2006-05-12.
- Government of Canada. "General Elections". Library of Parliament. Archived from the original on 2006-05-04. Retrieved 2006-05-12.
- Government of Canada. "Key Dates for each Parliament". Library of Parliament. Archived from the original on 2005-09-14. Retrieved 2006-05-12.
- Government of Canada. "Leaders of the Opposition in the House of Commons". Library of Parliament. Archived from the original on 2007-03-11. Retrieved 2006-05-12.
- Government of Canada. "Party Standings (1974 to date): At the Senate". Library of Parliament. Retrieved 2007-04-24.
- Government of Canada. "Prime Ministers of Canada". Library of Parliament. Archived from the original on 27 April 2006. Retrieved 2006-05-12.
- Government of Canada. "Speakers". Library of Parliament. Archived from the original on 2006-09-17. Retrieved 2006-05-12.