Salar
Etymology
Inherited from Proto-Turkic *yē-. Cognate to Turkmen iýmek.
Pronunciation
- (Xunhua, Hualong, Qinghai; Ili, Xinjiang) IPA(key): /jiɣysi/
- (Mengda, Qinghai; Gansu) IPA(key): /jeɣysi/
Verb
yiğüsi (present yiyer, past yici)
- to eat
Datıq yoxmasa yiğüsi gimes.[1]- If it has no taste, s/he does not want to eat.
- to suffer from
Bar-kiş her güni et yiyer, yox-kiş er-geşli gem yiyer.[2]- Rich people eat meat every day; poor people will suffer from sorrow sooner or later.
Conjugation
Conjugation of yiğüsi
basic conjugation
| basic conjugation
|
|
|
positive
|
negative
|
| experiential
|
inferential
|
experiential
|
inferential
|
| aorist
|
yiyer
|
yiyer-a
|
yimes
|
yimes-a
|
| continuous
|
yibır
|
yiba(r)
|
yi yoxdır,
yimır
|
yi yox-a
|
| past
|
yici
|
yimiş
|
yimeci
|
yimemiş
|
| future
|
yiğür
|
yiğe(r)
|
yimeğür
|
yimeğe(r)
|
| past perfect
|
yiğen var
|
yiğen var-a
|
yiğen yoxdır
|
yiğen yox-a
|
| necessitative
|
yiği
|
yimeği
|
| conditional
|
yise
|
yimese
|
| imperative
|
1st person plural
|
yiyel
|
yimeğel
|
| 2nd & 3rd person
|
yi
|
yime
|
| 2nd person
|
yidoğo
|
yiquma
|
| 3rd person
|
yiqoğı
|
yimeği
|
| infinitive
|
yiğüsi
|
yimeğüsi
|
| manner noun
|
yiyiş
|
yimeş
|
| impersonal participle
|
imperfective
|
yiğen
|
yimeğen
|
| perfective
|
yimiş
|
yimemiş
|
| prospective
|
yiğüsi
|
yimeğüsi
|
| agent noun
|
yiğüci
|
yimeğüci
|
|
|
converbs
|
| purposive converb
|
yime
|
| posterior converb
|
yiğü, yiceni
|
| anterior converb
|
yiğünçük
|
| iterative converb
|
yi-yi
|
| immediate posterior converb
|
yiğüşli
|
| causal converb
|
yiceni
|
| prospective converb
|
yiğüdene
|
| sequential converb
|
yi
|
question conjugation
| question conjugation
|
|
|
positive
|
negative
|
|
|
experimental1
|
inferential2
|
experimental
|
inferential
|
| aorist
|
yiyer-(m)i
|
yiyer-(m)o
|
yimes-(m)i
|
yimes-(m)o
|
| continuous
|
yibır-(m)i
|
yiba(r)-(m)o
|
yi yoxdır-(m)i
|
yi yox-aro
|
| past
|
yi-du,
yici-mu
|
yimiş-(m)o
|
yime-du,
yimeci-mu
|
yimemiş-(m)o
|
| future
|
yiğür-(m)i
|
yiğe(r)-(m)o
|
yimeğür-(m)i
|
yimeğe(r)-(m)o
|
| past perfect
|
yiğen var-(m)i
|
yiğen var-(m)o
|
yiğen yoxdır-(m)i
|
yiğen yox-aro
|
| necessitative
|
yiği-mu
|
yimeği-mu
|
| conditional
|
yise-mu
|
yimese-mu
|
| imperative
|
1st person plural
|
yiyel-mu
|
yimeğel-mu
|
| 2nd & 3rd person
|
yi-mu
|
yime-mu
|
| 2nd person
|
yidoğo-mu
|
yiquma-mu
|
| 3rd person
|
yiqoğı-mu
|
yimeği-mu
|
| infinitive
|
yiğüsi-mu
|
yimeğüsi-mu
|
| manner noun
|
yiyiş-mu
|
yimeş-mu
|
| impersonal participle
|
imperfective
|
yiğen-mu
|
yimeğen-mu
|
| perfective
|
yimiş-mu
|
yimemiş-mu
|
| prospective
|
yiğüsi-mu
|
yimeğüsi-mu
|
| agent noun
|
yiğüci-mu
|
yimeğüci-mu
|
potential conjugation
| potential conjugation
|
|
|
positive
|
negative
|
| experiential
|
inferential
|
experiential
|
inferential
|
| aorist
|
yiyeler
|
yiyeler-a
|
yiyelmes
|
yiyelmes-a
|
| continuous
|
yiyelbır
|
yiyelba(r)
|
yiyel yoxdır,
yiyelmır
|
yiyel yox-a
|
| past
|
yiyelci
|
yiyelmiş
|
yiyelmeci
|
yiyelmemiş
|
| future
|
yiyelğür
|
yiyelğe(r)
|
yiyelmeğür
|
yiyelmeğe(r)
|
| past perfect
|
yiyelğen var
|
yiyelğen var-a
|
yiyelğen yoxdır
|
yiyelğen yox-a
|
inceptive–punctual aspectual construction
| inceptive–punctual aspectual construction
|
|
|
positive
|
negative
|
| experiential
|
inferential
|
experiential
|
inferential
|
| aorist
|
{{{71}}}
|
{{{72}}}
|
{{{101}}}
|
{{{102}}}
|
| continuous
|
{{{73}}}
|
{{{74}}}
|
{{{103}}},
{{{1031}}}
|
{{{104}}}
|
| past
|
{{{75}}}
|
{{{76}}}
|
{{{105}}}
|
{{{106}}}
|
| future
|
{{{77}}}
|
{{{78}}}
|
{{{107}}}
|
{{{108}}}
|
| past perfect
|
{{{79}}}
|
{{{80}}}
|
{{{109}}}
|
{{{110}}}
|
|
1 The speaker knows the answer to the question, or believes that herself/himself does.
2 The speaker genuinely does not know the answer to the question.
References
- ^ Ayso, p. 70
- ^ 进锋张 [Ayso Cañ Cinfen] (2008), 乌璐别格 [Ulubeğ], 鄭初陽 [Çuyañ Yebey oğlı Ceñ], editors, 撒拉尔谚语 [Salar İbret Sözler, Salar Proverbs][1], China Salar Youth League, page 40
- ^ Ma, Chengjun; Han, Lianye; Ma, Weisheng (December 2010), “yiğüsi”, in 米娜瓦尔 艾比布拉 (Minavar Abibra), editor, 撒维汉词典 (Sāwéihàncídiǎn) [Salar-Uyghur-Chinese dictionary] (in Chinese), 1st edition, Beijing, →ISBN, page 10
- 林莲云 [Lin Lianyun] (1985), “ji-”, in 撒拉语简志 [A Brief History of Salar][2], Beijing: 民族出版社: 琴書店, →OCLC, page 29
- 马伟 (Ma Wei) (2016), “yiğüsi”, in 濒危语言——撒拉语研究 [Endangered Languages - Salar Language Studies], 青海 (Qinghai): 青海师范大学 (Qinghai Normal University), Unpublished finalized project manuscript (国家社会科学基金项目结项稿, 定稿; National Social Science Fund of China), page 283